Sitosterolemia Research Paper

Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are known as macronutrients as the body needs masses of these nutrient components in order to carry out the bodies’ essential functions.

Biomolecules are present in every living organism. Larger biomolecules (macromolecules) consists of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. In layman’s terms, proteins are long chains of amino acids that have many functions such as, providing structural support and regulating many body processes. Lipids are the scientific term used for fats. There are many different types of fats, but they all share one common characteristic: They are not soluble in water. Lipids provide protection and insulation to organs and also act as an energy source. Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen,

5. What are “lipids?” Some lipids are liquid at room temperature whereas other lipids are solid at room temperature. What accounts for this difference? Are all fats considered to be lipids? Are all lipids considered to be fats? If not, what else besides fats are considered lipids? What distinguishes “lipids” and “phospholipids?”

Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons and make up the building blocks of the structure and function of living cells. (Dr. Ananya Mandal, MD, 10/09/2012, Para.1) The lipids that are usually in our foods are fats and oils. Lipids are hydrophobic, meaning they have little or no affinity for water. (Neil A. Campbell,

Atherosclerosis is narrowing of arteries caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits on the arterial walls.

Cholesterol is a waxy lipid found in all body cells; it has a structure containing multiple chemical rings and is found only in foods of animal origin.

Obesity is a term used to describe someone who has an overabundance of fat in their body, that accumulates

A person is said to be obese when he or she has an abnormal or too much

According to the World Health Organization, the term “obese” refers to the excess fat buildup that can become harmful to one’s health

Sterol C-22 desaturase plays an important role as terminal enzyme in the sterol biosynthesis in fungi and plants. Fungal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, CYP61, is the sterol C-22 desaturase, the penultimate enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway 14, 16. Erogosterol synthesis involves lanosterol synthase needed for cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqalene and CYP61 for C-22 desaturation. In case of plants, the first cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqalene is mediated by cycloartenol synthase and CYP710 (a C-22 desaturase) for C-22 desaturation 11. Interestingly, Leishmania and Trypanosomes being non-photosynthetic protozoans not only synthesize lanosterol but also contain CYP710 (L. major, XP_001684965) related genes 17, 18. Presence of CYP710 related gene suggests the possible role of these C-22 desaturases in the synthesis of stigmasterol in these

associated with being overweight, like kind two polygenic disease or high force per unit area

Cholesterol carries lipid in your blood. Lipids is a fatty tissues found in the membrane of the body tissues, it is a source of fat. It is transported in the blood plasma of the body.

A molecule of dietary fat typically consists of several fatty acids (containing long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms), bonded to a glycerol. They are typically found as triglycerides (three fatty acids attached to one glycerol backbone). Fats may be classified as saturated or unsaturateddepending on the detailed structure of the fatty acids involved. Saturated fats have all of the carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains bonded to hydrogen atoms, whereas unsaturated fats have some of these carbon atoms double-bonded, so their molecules have relatively fewer hydrogen atoms than a saturated fatty acid of the same length. Unsaturated fats may be further classified as monounsaturated (one double-bond) or polyunsaturated (many double-bonds). Furthermore, depending on the location of the double-bond in the fatty acid chain, unsaturated fatty acids are classified as omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids. Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat with trans-isomer bonds; these are rare in nature and in foods from natural sources; they are typically created

Context: Lipodystrophy syndromes are characterized by generalized or partial absence of adipose tissue, usually associated with insulin resistance-related conditions.

The individuals who have more than normal proportion of fats in their bodies are called overfat folks. There is a standard for proportion of normal fats in the folks and above this standard; all folks can fall in the group of overfat. The standard for fat is 12-18% for males and 18-22% for females which is the border line between normal and overfat people. Overfat is a term generated to describe if you have a body fat level that can essentially hurt your health. Even individuals who are considered of normal weight or are non-obese by customary standards can fall into this