Sleep As A Passive, Most People Thought Of Sleep

In a laboratory study of sleep deprivation, researchers employed a variety of techniques to keep volunteers awake for variable amounts of time. One group of participants was kept awake for 24 hours, and the other was kept awake for 48 hours. During periods of forced wakefulness, participants were required to engage verbal learning tasks such as memorizing the definitions of obscure English words. At the conclusion of the period of forced wakefulness, participants were allowed to sleep for as

This paper examines five different sources of information that addresses information pertaining to wakeful resting or sleeping and the effects it has on memory garnered by experiments performed on humans and animals. Wakeful resting is defined as an individual that has not fallen asleep but has engaged in a period of rest that cuts them off from the distractions of the outside world. Sleep is the bodies natural cycle of rest that suspends the consciousness and allows both the body and the mind to take a break from any stressful activities and recover. By either taking a short wakeful rest or going to sleep after learning new material, memory consolidation in both humans and animals will be improved, and it is not limited to humans that

There have been many experiments performed trying to find the correlation between sleep and memory. One of these experiments has showed that different stages of sleep has different effects on memory for instance, not only has sleep been seen to combine new memory with old long-term memories, but also helps stabilize memory (Born & Rasch, 2013). Using the Memory Interference Test (MIT), Amir conducted an experiment to further confirm the conclusion that the sleep improves a person’s memory. The experiment compared the amount of correctly remembered pictures by a sample people who had eight hours of sleep compared to a sample with only four hours of sleep. The hypothesis is that there is a correlation between the amount of sleep a person

An article in Nature Neuroscience from February 2009 describes an experiment which was conducted regarding sleep and its correlation to memory. Memory was impaired after 35 hours of sleep deprivation weekly and constant shallow sleep. Regular sleep benefits memory as newly stored information is easily encoded. Proper sleep is crucial for processing and retaining new information. Those who suffer from sleep deprivation struggle to maintain new information and with comprehension skills. In order for students to maximize their learning capabilities, they need the proper sleep to be mentally prepared for

This article explains the importance of getting the perfect amount of sleep at night. The idea that sleeping for less than five hours or more than nine hours proves to have a negative effect on the human body. Sleep deprivation has a closely related link to memory retention and can cause a person to have trouble with daily task. The author continues to explain that not only is the brain effected by too little or too much sleep, but the rest of the body is also effected. Conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and even depression have links to not getting the perfect amount of sleep. The article concludes with listing tips to get the ideal amount of sleep at night, such as, going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day and limiting the amount of caffeine that is consumed throughout the day.

Nishida, M., Pearsall, J., Buckner, R. L., & Walker, M. P. (2009). REM sleep, prefrontal theta, and the consolidation of human emotional memory. Cerebral Cortex, 19(5), 1158-1166.

A greater understanding of these complex and dynamic brain states has helped clarify the ways in which sleep enhances memory processing. An increasing number of sleep studies have behaviourally assessed the facilitative role of REM and NREM sleep on declarative and procedural memory performance in humans. The preliminary results provided initial evidence to the idea that hippocampal-dependent declarative memories, such as memories of personal events and fact-based information, are facilitated by NREM sleep (specifically SWS) and hippocampal-independent procedural memories are facilitated by REM sleep (Plihal & Born, 1997).

Sleep is essential for optimal human function. In fact, a lack of sleep can actually affect important cognitive functions, like memory. A 2007 study added to the already substantial evidence that even acute total sleep deprivation impairs attentiveness, working memory, and reaction time in various tasks (Alhola, Polo-Kantola). One such way to further this investigation of the effects of sleep deprivation on memory is through the Memory Interference Test, or MIT. MIT is a program designed by Gaston Pfluegl, Ph.D., and Enrique Lopez, Psy. D., at UCLA to test the memory of students. Along with a memory test, the MIT also anonymously collected the physical states, mental states, and demographics of each student test subject, providing a substantial database through which students can test hypotheses, such as the connection between sleep deprivation and memory. Since the MIT requires short-term memory recall, the hours of sleep a student had before taking the test could have a noticeable effect on his or her performance. An unprecedented study this year found that sleep deprivation may actually even induce false memories, which would certainly impact a student taking the MIT because the test requires the subject to recognize images that have been previously presented to them (Frenda, et al). The hypothesis is that students who slept 8 hours before the test will perform better on the MIT than students who only slept 4 hours. The null hypothesis is that students who had adequate

Therefore, the rapidly developing cognitive functions of infants necessitate even more rapid and consistent sleep cycles to foster their learning. Sleep plays a role in the memory consolidation process when the baby is awake. It has not yet been determined if infants can learn while asleep (Tarullo, Balsam & Fifer, 2011).

With the concerning matter of sleep peralisys some have turned to the belief that hypnosis is to be a trustworthy factor. On the contuary hynossis is not a trustworthy mean of displaying accurate memories because hypnosis can often create false memories. Consciousness also plays a large rule in our subjective experience of ourselves and the every cahgning world. On average we spend nearly thirty percent of our waking hours, mind wandering, and fantasizing. INitally we spend as much as one third or more of our lives in one specific state of consciousness in the sense of sleep. Thus sleep plays a critical role in storing memories and remembering emortional information. Over the years we have learned that sleep is critical for the function of our immune system, planning, reasoning, and functioning to the best of our

Sleep is one of the unavoidable daily-living activities and it is one of the most important factors contributing to a person’s health. A quality sleep is essential for the physical, cognitive and psychological well-being of a person. Learning, memory processing and maintenance of the brain are among the most important functions of sleep. In addition to maintaining the brain, sleep has important roles in controlling the

Therefore it can be inferred from from these two academic works that ASC theory and infants with insufficient sleep allude to the finding that sleep possesses a specific function for the construction of connective memories and learning that impacts a child’s development even into adulthood. This is further reinforced through Doctor Gómez and Doctor Edgin’s studies in which children, who all that were tested were “habitual nappers” (Gómez, Edgin), did “not generalize when tested or four hours later once they had slept, but they generalized after being awake for four hours afterwards”. They hypothesized that elevated levels of NREM in the naps of children cemented the infrequent features they learned such as the coloration of the object and its surroundings, preventing generalization after sleep. Comparatively, the children who went without napping “failed to remember veridical details from interaction when they were awake” (Gómez) enabling them to generalize new exemplars again under differing

Language acquisition and other cognitive skills increase gradually during childhood through dreams, causing learning to continue over a lifespan and for memory to be updated and expanded (Hobson, J. A. 2009, 13). The brain also prepares itself for its many integrative functions, including the consciousness, which its development is time-consuming and a lifelong process that is being constantly used for many things, like providing a virtual reality generator, which can all be demonstrated in dreams (Hobson, J. A. 2009, 29). With the help of dreams developing cognitive skills, results in the preparation for higher mental functions that will take place later on in the future. For example, when dreams display memories of the past, present, or the expected future, they were at first perceived as discrete dimensions, but now it’s distinguished as a level of adaptability of constructive episodic simulation (MacDuffie, K. & Mashour, G. A. 2010, 3). Mirmiran in colleagues studies showed that the amount of REM sleep is an indicator of the level of brain development; this evidence proves that sleep is a key component of neuron development and also may serve as a function beyond processing of past events that can continue to impact into adult life (MacDuffie, K. & Mashour, G. A. 2010, 20). After the analysis of hundreds of research on dreams, scientific evidence concluded that

The article doesn’t go into depth the details of the research, but I believe in a connection between relaxation and performance. In our world, people who are stressed with anxiety normally don’t perform as well as people who don’t feel tension. Moreover, the article talks about overstimulation of the brain and how that could cause memory problems. Regardless, I am not too worried about the abstraction of neurons, but I am more refined in seeing that there are experimental studies that proved the very relationship of rest and memory. For example, Michaela Deware, a principle investigator at the Heriot-Watt University, led an experiment in 2012. Her team investigated the results between those who had a ten minute rest and those who didn’t. The team found out that in comparison to those who haven’t, people who took the ten minute rest remembered ten percent more on a story they heard last week. These volunteers who took the initiative to sleep were placed in an empty, quiet room that was free from distractions. After a refinery on the matter of sleep, what surprised me most about the article is that resting could actually help insomniacs or people diagnosed with amnesia; they’ll be able to relax and retain memory a lot more

could be clues, connecting sleep to brain preservation and activity. A test in 2000, consisted of a group of people who played Tetris for seven hours a day, for three days. One of the groups, were people who suffered from amnesia and were unable to form new memories. As they would fall asleep each night, they would be woken up and