Exploratory Essay

The average giraffe only sleeps about 20 minutes a day because where they live the population for predators for the giraffe are very high. The night is the most dangerous time for the giraffe because that is when the predators like to attack.

14. Evolutionary theories often emphasize that humans have adapted to their physical environment. One such theory hypothesizes that people should spontaneously follow a 24-hour cycle of sleeping and waking—even if they are not exposed to the usual pattern of sunlight. To test this notion, eight paid volunteers were placed (individually) in a room in which there was no light from the outside and no clocks or other indications of time. They could turn the lights on and off as they wished. After a month in the room, each individual tended to develop a steady cycle. Their cycles at the end of the study were as follows: 25, 27, 25, 23,24, 25, 26, and 25.

The circadian rhythm is very important in analyzing ones sleep pattern like when they are a sleep pattern like when they are a sleep and when they are awake. One’s normal circadian clock is based on light-dark times over 24 hours.()

Sleep can be initiated at any point of the day, as their circadian clock is still in development;

beginning the quantitative research report, we had to had complete an exploratory research report. This was necessary as it allowed us to see trends in relation to healthy eating. The exploratory research mainly consisted of qualitative questions as we wanted to see if there was any relationship between a cupcake and a chicken and spinach sandwich. After analyzing the results of the survey, we were able to get a better insight of the perceptions and preferences that consumers have when it comes to eating and purchasing healthy food.

In the article “Shedding light on the day-night cycle”, many new researchers found different rhymes encoded to their daily life. Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine discovered different ways to test groups of neurons based on keeping time that will make them be on the same clock. As we know, life on earth is followed by the rising and setting of the sun. Using based knowledge, there are many night owls and morning risers. Stated in the article, “it is important to understand how fundamental timing information is translated into actual neuronal signals in the brain that are controlled by daily rhythms, including rhythmic behavior” (Paul Taghert). Daily cycles are known as circadian clocks. The circadian clock is based on evolution and uses a small amount of proteins which goes up and down by controlling your manner once a day. In the article, scientist do a study based on fruit flies. Liang talks about performing brain scans on live fruit flies every ten minutes for 24 hours. Every fly brain is behaviorally active 150 times in the morning and in the evening. Scientists are improving new tools to help one to identify signals and understand the control timing in the brain in other species.

The younger waiter has a very different perspective on life. He has a job that is just that. He goes to work, and at the end of the day cannot wait to get home. All he can think about is sleeping next to his wife. The end of his shift cannot come soon enough for him. He feels that his time is more valuable than others. He is always in a hurry. The older waiter seems to be the opposite of the younger waiter. He likes to be at work. It is where he feels at home. He likes how it is well lit, and likes to drink there. He is very laid back, and it seems that nothing bothers him. He understands that there is more to life then what is just happening in the now. He goes home at the end of the night and there is no one waiting there for him. He stays

Origin of melatonin is estimated 2.5 billion years and perform the function of an antioxidant to detoxify the free radicals generated during the process of aerobic metabolism with the other functions of melatonin presumably being acquired during evolution (Tan et al. 2010, Tan et al. 2013). Melatonin is an important hormone which regulates the physiology (energy metabolism, reproduction, anticancer etc.) of an organism through environmental stimuli, including the biological clock in animals. The daily secretion pattern of melatonin is highly conserved among vertebrates; it is high during the night and low during the daytime. In this way, melatonin acts as the internal neurohormonal signal of darkness and plays a role as a “zeitgeber” (Falcon

In summary, evolution theory proposed that sleep is adaptive and animals which are in the higher level of the food chain or with higher metabolic rate need more sleep. When it comes to the cause of sleep, everyone has an internal body clock which calls circadian rhythms to control when you are awake and when your body is ready for sleep. The circadian rhythm is typically 24-hour repeating and there are two processes interact to control it. The first is a pressure of sleep, which controlled by adenosine, that builds with every hour when you are awake.

As you struggle to stay wide awake through the late hours of the night, continuously fighting the feeling of heavy eyelids and constant yawns, your body urges to get a good night’s sleep. You may wonder, why does this happen? Within all animals, humans included, resides an internal circadian biological clock that regulates the daily sleep and wake cycle within a period of approximately 24 hours. The clock gene, first isolated in Drosophila, a genus of small flies, has been shown to influence sleeping behaviours such as insomnia (Hamet and Tremblay 2006), the inability to sleep.

Evolutionary theories often emphasize that humans have adapted to their physical environment. One such theory hypothesizes that people should spontaneously follow a 24-hour cycle of sleeping and waking—even if they are not exposed to the usual pattern of sunlight. To test this notion, eight paid volunteers were placed (individually)b in a room in which there was no light from the outside and no clocks or other indications of time. They could turn the lights no and off as they wished. After a month in the room, each individual tended to develop a steady cycle. Their cycle at the end of the study was as follows: 25, 27, 25, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 25.

Circadian rhythmicity is a critical component in these animals physiological processes which provides them with a 24-hour temporal organization much like a clock (NIGMS, 2017). An animal's

Human behavior, though highly variable, tends towards a sleep cycle in which roughly eight hours are spent sleeping after every sixteen hours awake. The repetition of this cycle is the expression of the circadian rhythm. This paper investigates the circadian rhythm by dividing it into three functions: an internal clock that estimates whether it is day or night, an entrainment mechanism that adjust the clock to shifts in day/night cycles, and a signaling method that determines whether the organism will perform biochemical action appropriate to the clock’s perception of daytime or nighttime.

A circadian rhythm is a 24 hour cycle in the physiological processes of living beings, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. Although they are endogenously generated, they respond to external stimuli such as sunlight and temperature. Circadian rhythms are important in determining the sleeping and feeding patterns of all animals, including humans. In humans, the 24 hour cycle is centered within the hypothalamus, which uses certain cells within the retina of the eye to detect the level of brightness all around; these cells are called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells or pRGCs. PRGCs send collected information through the optic nerve to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the brain’s master clock; which coordinates smaller body clocks that govern the behavior of cells throughout the body. The suprachiasmatic nuclei is a tiny patch of around 200,000 neurons. Nearly every cell in the human body keeps time by its own means; they keep time locally, helping them figure out when to use energy, rest, repair DNA, or replicate. Taking light as its cue, the master clock determines a continuous cycle of physiological change within cells; this includes the production of hormones that prepare the human body for waking and sleeping hours. “Interestingly, animals, including humans, kept in total darkness for extended periods eventually function with a free-running rhythm. Their sleep cycle is pushed back or forward each “day”, depending on whether their “day”, is shorter or

If someone switches on the lights when you’re trying to sleep at night, quite reflexively you shout at them in a very irritated tone to switch them back off, because you just cannot fall asleep with the lights on and the lights disturb your ‘good night sleep’. This is because of the hormone melatonin secreted by the pineal gland of animals located near the brain, which regulates the release of many other hormones and also, the circadian rhythm. The circadian rhythm is the periodic sleep-wake cycle in animals, or in layman’s language, it is the body clock that decides when we sleep and when we wake up. This hormone is secreted only when there is absence of any source of light. More the melatonin gets secreted into our bloodstream, deeper the sleep, and more fresh and rejuvenated is your mood the next morning. Besides this, we all love to stay as long as we can, snuggled under our blankets, of course, which gives us all the more reasons to love nights! Moreover, a good sleep is very essential in order to do away with the exhaust caused by the activities of the whole