Spence's Theory of Signaling

A man named Michael Argyle who was a social psychologist that researched human communication and discussions between people created the Argyle theory in 1972. He believed that interpersonal communication between individuals was like learning how to drive a car. Argyle first explained that human communication is a process that involves people sending and responding to messages in a non-verbal and verbal way. In 1972 Argyle created the ‘communication cycle’ and the aim of the communication cycle is for people to understand how communication occurs between them when they are one to one. The cycle is made up of six main steps and the steps involve, being able to understand and observe how people communicate. It is also about being able to reflect and listen to what the person is saying so that we understand and are able to respond to it correctly.

Introduction: Within this first task, of the assignment I will be discussing two different types of communication theories, which are the Argyles theory of communication and the Tuckman’s theory of communication. I will be discussing, what they both are, how they work and how they relate to and help within health and social care.

The articles “Blue-Collar Brilliance” written by Mike Rose and “Are Too Many People Going to College?” by Charles Murray discuss the importance of education and its outcomes. Both authors talk about people’s careers on the aspect of whether a college degree made them succeed in life or it is just an expensive waste of time. Also, each article has its own opinion over the fact that some people with college education aren’t able to find jobs while others with no college background are able to succeed. Rose and Murray, both agreed on the idea that college isn’t for all just simply because of its cost, and how each person’s intelligence does not depend on their acceptance to a college; further, both authors also acknowledge the importance of blue-collar workers and their prosperity.

New service industry jobs require enhanced skills and proficiencies, many demanding successful applicants to possess college degrees and other certifications. According to the OOH “Education is essential in getting a high–paying job.” The BLS states that “Education is an important determinant of labor market outcomes. The more education a person has, the more likely he or she is to be in the labor force and the less likely he or she is to be unemployed.” According to the text, a person’s capacity to earn more can be directly related to their level of education.

Because having a degree has become so common, employers now use it as a way to eliminate people who would not make good candidates for employment—even if a degree isn’t a totally accurate determinant of one’s talent or work skills. The mass availability of college education may actually “debase its intrinsic value” (Bankston, p. 338).

Many people are confused on why to invest time and money of attending college. A reason for obtaining a higher education is that a college degree can possibly earn a much higher salary than the majority of the people who have a high school diploma. College can be expensive and time consuming for the most of the people that do not have enough money and spare time to go to college. Stephen Rose, a research professor at the Georgetown University, wrote an article on “The Value of a College Degree” to explain if a college degree can be valuable to people to have. Eleni Karageorge, an author on the United States Department of Labor, wrote an article “Is A College Degree Still Worth It?” to give some details on job occupations that compares with employees having a bachelor’s degree or a high school diploma on how much they annually make on their job. Finally, Paul E. Barton, a consultant and a writer for topics related on education, wrote an article “How Many College Graduates Does the U.S. Labor Force Really Need?” on giving details on how valuable to have a college degree in the near future are needed when certain occupations are on high demand with a requirement on having a least a bachelor’s degree. We need to know why going to college is so important for anyone who wants to have professional occupations.

In his essay titled “Yes A College Education Is Worth the Costs,” published in USA Today, former president of Southern Virginia University and a law professor at Thomas Jefferson School of Law Rodney K. Smith, raises his concern about people willing to invest in material things rather than their future. By using the Bureau of Labor Statistics on the unemployed population to show that the unemployment rate is caused by the absences of graduates to satisfy the jobs in demand, he tries to convince the reader of the importance of education. As a 2010 report by the BLS indicates compared to 14.9% unemployed people without a high school diploma, only 1.9% graduates with a doctoral degree are unemployed. In addition, the average weekly income of a high school degree holder is 1106 less than a doctoral degree holder (qtd in Smith).

The degree is seen as a free (to the employer) screening tool to filter through the applicants. The employer sees the degree as a representation of the individual’s ability to learn as well as a level of perseverance desired in employees. Considering the social and economic pressures in today’s world, all individuals with the ability to attend college and achieve a degree should do so in order to better prepare themselves for a competitive job market.

When companies train their employees well, they equip their employees with the necessary skills to perform well in their roles. This in turn translates into higher productivity because employees will be able to complete tasks more efficiently and effectively. The quality of work that employees create will also be higher because the training programs will teach employees how to perform well and fine-tune their skills and accuracy. For example, IBM's e-learning program for new managers, Basic Blue, costs $8,708 per manager. The company has measured an improvement in each new manager's performance worth $415,000. For every $1 that IBM invests in Basic Blue, it receives almost $47 (HRM 154). Therefore, if businesses want to gain a high return on investment, it is imperative that they also invest in training their employees. In our simulation, we had hired and promoted roughly 50-75 workers in each quarter of our first three quarters. However, we decreased the training budget each quarter, despite our increase in workers hired and promoted. This decrease in training investment led to a high accident rate and low quality index. When we spent larger amounts in training workers, and in the different training programs, there were direct correlations between increased training costs and the different outcomes intended of the

On the other side, the economy of Texas and Florida lost 33,000 jobs in September 2017, unemployment rates also dropped down to 4.2%. Unemployment situation is increasing seriously in America. Finding a job is so hard, and recruitment company always required their employees who have bachelor or master degree, they also compete each other for getting a job. The State Higher Education Executive Officers Association reported a high school degree earned a median average of $300,000 per year; nevertheless, bachelor’s degrees and advanced degrees earned from $50,000 to $70,000 a year. Therefore, if we don’t have a good education, our dream will be compromised. Furthermore, preparing a good education is the best investment because it helps us live out American Dream that is called a success and finance. America is developed country so education is a necessary factor for growing economies. Otherwise, a good education is known as our honor and outward appearance that give us more confident to contact with many people. Evidently, person isn’t complete perfect if they don’t have education because it is not only a key to success but also a door to open our

Cofounder and executive chairman of LinkedIn Reid Hoffman calls for the broadened acceptance of alternative routes to higher education. He states, “there are an expanding number of ways to acquire specific skills and knowledge faster and less expensively than one can manage through a traditional four-year degree program” (Hoffman 1). Siemens and similar manufacturers have kickstarted programs that use real life experience in factories and other entry level jobs to build advanced skills in recent high school graduates. The employees are given the opportunity to earn their way up within the company, eliminating the need for a diploma. Although these programs exist, the underlying issue is most employers’ outlook; to employers, a four year bachelor’s degree signals a multitude of positive attributes: commitment, proficiency in at least one subject area, and self-sufficiency. However, the completion of a training program demonstrates these same qualities and is a more fiscally responsible route to preparedness for a job. Furthermore, expendable courses taken to fulfill the mandatory amount of credit hours for graduation waste time and money. School administrations impose such standards to ensure a sizeable profit, and students in turn are being forced to hand over the majority of their savings for knowledge not relevant to their

A college education is necessary to get a job that pays well, or to get any good job. Any, and every job that is ‘worth’ having requires some type of higher education, whether it relates to the job or to show general experience, a degree is required. “This calls for greater access to a college or university

As companies continue to try to come up with a plan for remaining profitable, some are overlooking one of their best opportunities due to their short sightedness and obsession for short term gain. It is the very asset which most firms claim is their most important and the one which provides them their competitive advantage. It is also, in some companies, the asset which is most mistreated and neglected as it is the most costly. It is the company’s employees. I don’t know of any company which would not state that employees and their knowledge of the company, its products and services, processes,

Introduction “Communication is a two-way process of reaching mutual understanding, in which participants not only exchange (encode-decode) information, news, ideas and feelings but also create and share meaning. In general, communication is a means of connecting people or places.” (BusinessDictionary, 2017) It is vital in health and social care workplace to have an effective communication not just between the service user and the practitioner but also to all the people involved in the setting up of the service user’s care plan.

This would not only be advantageous for the employer but also the employee since it would result in higher wages. Due to this, the worker’s level of motivation and drive to do better would escalate leading to overall productivity of the organization (Salimath and Jones, 2011, p.88).