Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Many of us have had experience in one way or another with friends or family members developing cognitive difficulty, but for most it didn’t happen all at once with an accident. We are given time to slowly adapt to the new course life has taken. Alan, Cathy, Kelly, friends, and family woke up one day and everything was different from that day

Level of Evidence: This research study is a level 10, it is a descriptive design survey. It only surveys the Rns, describes the technique

On December 23, 2014, neurosurgeon Jeffrey Leonard resected a brain tumor in a ten year old girl that was previously thought to be inoperable. Although it took two operations, due to modern technology and education Dr. Leonard was successful. The girl fully recovered from surgery and was awake and responsive the next morning. Modern surgeons’ knowledge of the human brain has evolved immensely through the ages. The first brain surgeons did not have anywhere near the knowledge that we possess today, but it is because of them that the current treatment of neurological problems is so advanced. Doctors can now perform advanced procedures such as the resection of tumors and clipping of aneurysms all while a patient is numbed and unconscious when previously treatment was a painful shot in the dark. Neurosurgery has evolved not only through extensive research of anatomy and a change in religious perspective, but came hand in hand with the development of anesthetics and the world’s major advancements in radiology and imaging.

Despite the 60-question survey being completed in a controlled environment to reduce bias, in support to Jones et al (2011) theory that uncontrolled environments have increased risks of bias, Morse (2002) contradicts this theory by criticising a controlled setting for its potential to make a user anxious and befriend the researcher; which could influence the outcomes of their account. However the colour coding used in the survey to blind the patients may prove that the findings for the article are credible. Duggan

cognition noted during assessment of attention & memory on neuropsychological testing. It is temporary impairment in cognition associated with surgery. The diagnosis is usually made by a preoperative testing of the cognitive functions (memory, learning, attention, abstract thinking) and then assessing the degree of impairment in these

CT has been adopted by many in the healthcare field. Southern New Hampshire Medical Center adopted CT to achieve Magnet Recognition Status. Components of CT have been incorporated in the National Intervention Classification, the National Outcomes Classification, and the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. The American Society of Peri-Anesthesia Nurses composed Comfort Management, a model initiated by nurses based on CT. The Comfort Questionnaire has been certified by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality since 2003. The Comfort Questionnaire has been used in many settings and translated into Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Turkish, and Farsi. Comfort Theory and Practice: A Vision for Holistic Healthcare and Research has been translated into Japanese, attesting to the theory’s international appeal and utility.

Brain cancer develops from cells within the brain. The brain controls the vital functions of the body, including, speech, movement, thoughts, feelings, memory, sight, hearing, and more. Brain cancer affects people in many different ways. Brain cancer is diagnosed at the local stage in 76.6% of people. The 5-year survival for localized brain and other nervous system cancer is 36.3%. Brain cancer will cause anything from headaches to balance and walking problems, changes in your vision, muscle twitches, memory problems, and nausea and vomiting.

The issue of anxiety was chosen as a topic because anxiety has become a significant subject in health care. According to Social anxiety association (SAA) anxiety disorder become the third largest mental problem in health care, which affects about 7% of the population. In social health in particular clinical care, hospitalization and surgery are a critical negative life occasions that chief to the experience of significant anxiety in patients (Karanci and Dirik 2003). This project will be focussing on preoperative anxiety in children, because, children are more defenceless against the anxiety of surgery because of their cognitive impediment, reliance on others, absence of self-control, and also restricted individual life background and information of the medicinal health care service (Li

Evidence of significant cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in one or more cognitive domains — such as complex attention, executive function, learning, memory, language, perceptual-motor or social cognition.

An estimated 47.5 million people suffer from dementia. Every 4 seconds one new case of dementia is diagnosed. Dementia is a term that describes certain symptoms such as impairment to memory, communication and thinking. It is a group of symptoms and not just one illness. Even though one‘s chance of getting dementia increase with age, it is not a part of aging. Dementia is usually diagnosed after a series of assessments that includes a physical evaluation, memory tests, imaging studies and blood work. It affects three aspects of one’s mental function, cognitive dysfunction (Problems with memory, language, thinking and problem solving), psychiatric behavior (changes in personality, emotional control, social behavior and delusions) and difficulties with daily living activities (driving, shopping, eating and dressing). “The median survival time in women is 4.6 years and in men 4.1 years” (Warren, 2016).

Common malignant brain cancers increase significantly according to statistical data collected by the National Cancer Institute. In 1984, the annual incidence rates of primary brain tumor and primary brain lymphoma also increased notably, the rate of lymphoma almost tripling,

After a motor vehicle accident Tom was left with an acquired brain injury with damage to the frontal lobe and the left temporal lobe. As a result Tom has been experiencing many difficulties, in particular with his memory. Memory refers to the mental capacity to retain information and convert it into a form that can be stored and retrieved at a later time. Storing and retrieving memories involves passing information from one stage to the next and then retrieving that information from long-term memory. (Burton, Westen & Kowalski, 2012, p.261) Memory is an integral part of human survival and without it, learning new skills, such as the ones required by Tom to regain his loss of function, could never prevail.

What started off as a simple vision discomfort in 1971 turned into a tumor that destroyed Greg’s memory system in his early 20s. However, as his brain tumor grew, it did not affect his memory until the end stages. By the time that it was discovered, the tumor had damaged his temporal lobe, the hippocampus, and the pituitary gland. Greg lived a very simple, tranquil life and he was in his mid 40s when this story was written.

Many times epilepsy is concurrent with a number of different conditions including infection of the central nervous system, brain damage from birth, severe head trauma, strokes, and tumors (centre, 2015). Nearly twenty percent of all acquired epileptic conditions is due to head trauma. A small majority develop epilepsy due to strokes or other cardiovascular dysfunctions, however, sixty percent of cases present when a lesion on the brain is present (Devender, Bertrand, Druet-Cabana, & Preux, 2014). In patients that develop cancer those with temporal lobe and slow growing tumors are the most likely to develop epileptic symptoms. In addition, more than half of identical twins that are affected with some form of epilepsy will be jointly affected. Those with Down syndrome are likely to experience a ninety percent epilepsy rate in ten percent less or less of patients. The exact mechanisms that causes the disruption of the nervous system that results in epileptic symptoms is unknown (Noebels & Avoli,

Operative procedures which have pain-generating capacity provoke high levels of anxiety compared to non-operative procedures. Highest anxiety in a dental setting is common on procedures such as injection, tooth extraction, and drilling. (Bhola and Malhotra, 2014) According to some patients especially for children and adolescents, the following contributes to their anxiety in seeking dental treatment: personal experience such as influence of parents or peers, bad manner of lack of clinical skills, and improper work ethic of the dentists and dental auxiliaries, dental clinic settings such as the arrangement of the dental chair and other equipment, and also the overall ambiance and sounds inside the dental clinic.