Recommender Systems are based on well-structured and incremental algorithms that have different strengths and weaknesses \cite{ricci2011introduction}. In general, the main existing RSs are concerned with improving accuracy with the premise of being useful to users. In this context, there is an increasing number of custom techniques that analyze the profile of the target user in order to better satisfy them \cite{bobadilla2013recommender}. In this sense, we conducted a broad study of the several metrics used in the literature to evaluate RSs. By organizational purposes, we divided these metrics into three groups: {\it Effectiveness-based}, {\it Complementary Dimensions of Quality} and {\it Domain Profiling}.\looseness=-1 \subsection{Effectiveness-based metrics} The main evaluation metrics are related to the accuracy, precision, and recall concepts \cite{herlocker2004evaluating}. Precision and recall are concepts that aim to quantify information …show more content…
We calculate serendipity by the complement of the cosine similarity between the items in the user's history and the items in a recommendation list \cite{zhang2012auralist}. Lower values indicate that recommendations deviate from a user's traditional behavior, and therefore bring greater surprise.\looseness=-1 \begin{equation} \label{seren} ser = 1 - \sum_{u \in S} \frac{1}{|S||H_u|} \sum_{h \in H_u} \sum_{i \in R_{u,20}} \frac{CosSim(i,h)}{20} \end{equation} \item \textbf{Catalog Coverage:} Catalog Coverage represents the fraction of relevant items that are recommended at least once, taking into consideration all the users. Larger catalog coverage indicate that the recommender balances the popularity bias by covering a large part of the set of items \cite{puthiya2016coverage}.\looseness=-1 \begin{equation} \label{catalogo} CC = \frac{| \bigcup_{u \in U}^{} R^{+}|}{|U|}
Based on the comparison Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, we identified following set of categories on which we would like to evaluate the above tools and computing paradigm in subsequent sub-sections:
Bi et al \cite{Rec:Bi} provides ranked related entities to the user query along with the results of the main entity. In order to do this, this articles makes use of user's search history, click history and knowledge base. A matrix is created comprising of the user information which connects to the entities along with the ranking, click results. A tri-linear function\cite{Rec:Bi} is defined mapping these details and which will be used to rank the related entities
Now our service is to acquire the user who has the most likelihood to be recommended. First we use the probability function $P(r,u)$ using the communication between the user and recommender. If the probability is higher than our defined threshold value then grouped the user. All the nodes in this group are our expected nodes. Now for the nearest one we run BFS and extract the best one for recommendation.
________ implies that a performance appraisal system is capable of distinguishing effective from ineffective performers. A. Relevance B. Sensitivity C. Reliability D. Acceptability Correct:
σ_(R_X )=√(((∂R_X)/(∂V_1 ))^2 〖σ_(V_1 )〗^2+((∂R_X)/(∂V_2 ))^2 〖σ_(V_2 )〗^2+((∂R_X)/(∂I_D ))^2 〖σ_(I_D )〗^2+ ((∂R_X)/(∂R_S ))^2 〖σ_(R_S )〗^2 )
The overall score = sum of the product of weight and rating for each key dimension.
Support (c) = It is the number of occurrence of the item set in the consequent.
Any deviation identified during the evaluation is analyzed and classified into one of the three buckets:
Edgar Allan Poe, born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1809, lived a life filled with tragedy. Poe was an American writer, considered part of the Romantic Movement; he became an accomplished poet, short story writer, editor, and literary critic, and gained worldwide fame for his dark and gruesome tales of horror (Quinn). Although his writings were well received, Poe struggled financially. He was one of the earliest American writers to focus on the short story and has been credited with inventing the detective fiction genre (Quinn). He is known for great short stories like “The Cask of Amontillado,” “The Tell-Tale Heart” and “The Raven.” He died in 1849 from unknown causes; some guess that he was an alcoholic, while others suggest that he may have committed suicide (Quinn).
Before my big move to Houston about three years ago for college, it was my last summer back home in a little city called Amarillo, which is considered “West Texas,” although it’s actually located geographically north within the heart of the Texas Panhandle. I was enjoying every last bits of the time that I’ve had left with my friends and family. The last thing I could think of worrying about during that summer was a romantic relationship. My intentions were to make bittersweet memories and to have what they would call, fun. I went out almost every single weekend for the first month of my last summer and met tons of friends and I became closer to old casual friends. Within that first month of consistently going out and hanging out with all these friends that I became close to, I met a very sweet, charming, and interesting guy named Andy. Something about him caught my attention. He was silly and funny without even trying, so I took an interest in him. We started messaging each other on Facebook then texting and making polite conversations. Before I knew it, this was the starting point to a whole new friendship. When he first messaged me, as much as I hesitated to respond to him because I knew I was moving and I did not want to develop feelings just leave everything behind, I wanted to not just respond but to strike more conversations. I became curious about him and I wanted to find out more and more.
Objective performance measures tend to involve an unbiased measurement. Many of times this involves electronic timing devices, stopwatches, or distance measures. More so, in this instance the performance has a clear objective measure. However, within subjective performance measures it tends to be influenced by the observer's personal judgment of how the skill was performed. Thus, the abilities are closely scrutinized, observed, and criticized. This allows for more interpretation and opinion. These measures often refer to the quality and style of performance and are not always a clear and cut
Consistent with other United States examples, in the healthcare organization where I worked in the past, the unit’s performance metrics consisted of quantifiable indicators such
the entity it is applied to-that is, the object of the evaluation-may vary widely (Fitzpatrick, Sanders, & Worthen, 2010). Hopefully, all the information needed of a good evaluation is made available to me by the
Reliability - 137 – the extent of consistency, stability, and dependability of scores of the participants and/or rater. If using more than one grader, the graders should trained together and produce similar scores.
=> Add the reliability and validity of the measures with the article used on my review.