Stress and stress management. by Suzanne M. Crampton , John W. Hodge , Jitendra M. Mishra , Steve Price Stress is found in all aspects of life. Hans Selye, a pioneer in stress research, has defined stress as "the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it" (Kreitner & Kinicki, 1992, p. 597). It is considered to be an internal state or reaction to anything we consciously or unconsciously perceive as a threat, either real or imagined (Clarke, 1988). Stress can evoke feelings of frustration, fear, conflict, pressure, hurt, anger, sadness, inadequacy, guilt, loneliness, or confusion (Cavanagh, 1988). Individuals feel stressed when they are fired or lose a loved one (negative stress) as well as when they are promoted or go on a vacation (positive stress). While many individuals believe they must avoid stress to live longer, Freese (1976) argues that it is the salt and spice of life and that to have no stress we would have to be dead. Review of the Literature In the workplace, stress can affect performance. Individuals under too little stress may not make enough effort to perform at their best levels, while those under too much stress often are unable to concentrate or perform effectively and efficiently. The relationship between stress and performance is complex. Employers, however, have primarily been concerned about the rising costs of overstressed employees. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and many state laws hold employers liable for
Alexander, G. K., Rollins, K., Walker, D., Wong, L., & Pennings, J. (2015). Yoga for self-care and burnout prevention among nurses. Workplace Health & Safety, 63(10), 462-470. doi:10.1177/2165079915596102
Our book describes stress as “any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being and tax one’s coping ability” (Weiten, 2014). Stress is not necessarily a traumatic, life destroying event. It can be as simple a small change in one’s daily schedule. People will have multiple stresses throughout their lifetime. Some will be little and daily, but overtime these add up and can affect you in many ways. Stress can be positive or negative and can take many forms; a few being frustration, internal conflict, change, and pressure. All of which make almost a daily appearance in my life (Weiten, 2014).
Stress is a mental or emotional strain that results from a difficult situation. There does exist a positive stress that people will purposely put on themselves to motivate themselves. However, for the duration of this paper I am referring to the negative type that is unneeded and unwanted worry or strain.
Stress is a normal part of life. Events happen to people and around them and many of the things people do themselves put stress on the body. Thus stress can be experienced through the environment, an individual's body, and people's thoughts. The human body is designed to experience stress and to react to it. Stress can be positive in that it keeps people alert and prepared to avoid danger. Stress becomes negative when an individual is faced with continuous challenges without relief or relaxation between challenges.
Stress is defined as a response to the demand placed on you. Stress is a natural reaction when the brain recognizes a threat. When the threat is seen, your body secrete the hormones that activate the "fight or flight" response. This battle or flight response is not limited to perceiving the threat, but in less severe situations, it is triggered when we encounter unexpected events. Psychiatrist Richard S. Lazarus is best stressed as "a condition or feeling felt by a person when he sees that the demands go beyond the personal and social resources that the individual can mobilize." For most people, stress is a negative
Webster defines stress as a “state of mental tension and worry caused by problems in your life, work, etc.” (1). There are a variety of factors that can cause someone to be stressed and stress can affect people in many different ways. “Nearly one-third of Americans are living with extreme stress and nearly half of Americans (48 percent) believe that their stress has increased over the past five years” (APA, 1). While a certain amount of stress is healthy and can increase productivity, it also has many negative physiological effects on people including weight gain, mental health issues, and immune deficiency. Stress is also linked to the leading physical causes of death including heart disease, cancer and stroke (Lazarus, 4, 8). There are many different situations that one might perceive as stressful and an ongoing stressful situation, or chronic stress, can be exaggerated by a poor diet and lack of exercise. Going to work in an unpleasant environment, speaking in public, or the death of a loved one are all examples of different stressors. (McEwen, 171).
Many believe that stress is a simple problem, however it is often misunderstood and more complex than they believe (p. 181, Griffin & Moorhead, 2014). Stress is the physiological and psychological response to excessive and usually unpleasant stimulation as well as threatening events in the environment (p. 284, Schultz and Schultz, 2010). Stress appears in silent and subtle ways but this negative response affects millions of employees in all levels of all types of jobs (p. 284, Schultz and Schultz, 2010). If identified
Have you ever had to stand up in front of a class to give a speech and felt your hands getting sweaty? What about that last Halloween trail ride that you went on, did you feel your heart pounding when that goblin jumped out right in front of you? If so you know you can feel stress on both your body and your mind. Stress is so common in America today; we are calling it “the new normal.” Just saying the word may be enough to set your nerve on edge. These expressions are familiar to us, “I’m under too much stress,” “I’m stressed out,” or “Work is one big stress.” Definitely, stress is difficult to define because it means different things to different people. According to Hans Selye a pioneer who conducted groundbreaking scientific work
Hans Selye was the one who coined the word “stress”. According to Field, McCabe, Schneiderman, and Field (2013), Selye defined “stress” as a non-specific response of the body to any form of demand for change. Just as the way Selye defined it, stress is the way in which the body responds to any type of demand. Stress can be caused by both bad and good experiences. When a person feels stressed by something occurring around him, his body reacts by releasing certain chemicals into the blood, giving the person more strength and energy that can be a good thing if physical danger is what causes his stress. Though, it can also be a bad thing is his stress is a response to an emotional thing as there would be no outlet for such extra strength and energy.
Stress arises as a transaction between person and environment, it begins as an imbalance between demand, either physical or psychological, and response capability under conditions where failure to meet demands has important consequences, likely resulting in a loss. Stress can bring out our best performance or it can cause people to crumple under pressure. Therefore an important factor in how an individual responds and performs under stressful conditions is their perception or interpretation and appraisal of the situation and their own emotional response. There have been debates among experts as to whether an individual initially reacts to stress emotionally or cognitively, however it’s commonly understood that too little or too much stress can be harmful especially over longer periods. The right amount of stress is motivating, while too much can cause physical and psychological problems. Excessive chronic stress can result in disability effecting physical, emotional and mental wellness.
. Stress is not always necessarily harmful (especially in small amounts), sometimes it helps us stay motivated and determined toward our goal. Nowadays, stress has become a common problem in the modern life. Everybody seems to be stressed out since the modern life is fast paced and competitive. Stress is either physical or mental, and is generally caused by external stimuli called stressor. Many research have been conducted on the cause, response, consequences and remedies of stress. However, there is still a controversy regarding the exact process of stress. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate these queries related to stress and explain about the ways to tackle with it including advantage and disadvantage.
People develop the misconception that stress is uncontrollable: however, according to this article, you have more control over stress than you may think. It is important to identify the sources of stress in your life and attempt to manage or diminish them. Until you decide to accept responsibility for the role you play in creating or maintaining stress, it will remain outside of your control. There are many methods provided from this source that explains how to manage stress. There are varieties of stress that are unnecessary and avoidable; however, we do not attempt the simple tasks that are required to avoid stress. The author is highly descriptive and thoroughly explains methods that can used to maintain
Throughout life stress is a common problem whether it’s at work, school or home. The many negative effects of stress in fact affect individuals differently varying from health issues to work performance. Therefore, all individuals have different views of stress and various ways of handling it or otherwise managing their stress. Stress is when any living thing feels endangered and its homeostasis is at risk (Varvogli & Darviri, 2011, p. 74). Ways of dealing with stress are efforts of cognitive, behavioral, and psychological nature that allows a person to manage stress. Although there are different causes of stress, there are also many techniques for relieving it. The following articles are intended for the reader to
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There are many challenges that we face and have to handle every single day. And, as women, we frequently have to balance the demands of work, family, children, parents, finances, and health—to name just a few. These demands are frequently referred to as “stressors” and achieving a balance is “stressful.” But multiple demands on our time and energy are a part of everyone’s life. Stress is not how many demands you have in your life, but rather how you and your body respond to these demands. For some, racing to meet a tight deadline or complete a long “ToDo” list can be positive and energizing. It’s important to learn what stress is, at what point it becomes harmful, and options for how you can respond to it. Finding the right balance is