The Circulatory System and Fluid Dynamics Essay

Blood vessel length, when increased causes more friction or resistance thus making it more difficult for blood to flow through the vessel. In summation, increasing blood vessel length inversely effects flow rate but decreasing flow rate. My prediction was that an increase in blood vessel length would inversely effect blood flow. As evidenced in this experiment, with the increase of the blood vessel length, there was a decrease in blood flow.

34. Why are arteries sometimes called the resistance vessels? More pressure is required to push blood through a constricted vessel than through a dilated one. The force opposing blood flow is called resistance (R) , and arterioles are therefore called resistance vessels

Deacreased vascular resistance and increased arterial pressure causes an increase in blood flow. This is important to supply organs with oxygen. 4. Restate your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them. Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them with supporting data from your experiment. MAP would increase due to increase in activity, SVR would decrease due to decrease in resistance, CO would increase due to more force of blood being expelled.

The blood circulates around the body. The heart contract and relax, this mechanism of heart makes the blood to flow in the arteries to the body from heart and come back from body to heart through veins. The arteries carry oxygenated blood or oxygen rich blood and the veins carry deoxygenated blood or oxygen poor blood. This flow creates the pressure on the arterial wall and the pressure that is exerted on the arterial wall is known as blood pressure. Blood pressure is expressed by the

John’s long standing Hypertension causes his heart to work harder, putting more strain on his heart and arteries. In order to achieve a gradient in pressure by which blood flows from an area of higher pressure to one of lower pressure, the left ventricle must exceed the increased pressure in the arterial system (Ref).

. Using your own observations, explain how the operation of the semilunar valves The AV valve is close during compression so blood is forced from the heart.

With the plaque in veins, the arteries are narrower. In our lab, when we used vasoconstrictors, the blood vessels constricted and made the flow go slower. For somebody with coronary artery disease, vasoconstrictors would be dangerous because their arteries are already narrower because of the plaque build-up. Vasodilators would actually be helpful because they have narrow arteries, so that there will be more room for blood to move throughout the vessels. If you were to watch the blood vessels of eoone with coronary artery disease like we did with the frog tongue. Also, you will see that LDL decreases significantly for someone with coronary artery disease. The percentage of someone surviving coronary artery disease

(c) Estimate the EC50 values for the effects of acetylcholine and nitroprusside in both types of arterial ring, and present these in a table.

has to work harder pumping blood to the rest of the body. Blood in our

For example, in the heart it causes the coronary blood vessels to dilate to improve the circulation to the heart. It can also decrease the heart rate. Additionally, in the blood, it has an anti-platelet action. Next, in the kidneys, it decreases renal blood flow and it can also decrease the production of renin. In the liver, it constricts the blood vessels and it can also escalate the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Finally, in the lungs, it causes the airways to constrict.

It causes excitation-contraction uncoupling in various myocardial tissues without changes in the configuration of the action potential. Diltiazem produces relaxation of coronary vascular smooth muscle and dilation of both large and small coronary arteries at drug levels which cause little or no negative inotropic effect. The result is increases in coronary blood flow (epicardial and subendocardial) occur in ischemic and nonischemic models and are accompanied by dose-dependent decreases in systemic blood pressure and decreases in peripheral

veins to the tissues of the body. These walls do not let out blood but

Basically, arterial blood pressure (BP) is directly proportional to the product of blood flow (cardiac output, CO) and the resistance to passage of blood through pre-capillary arterioles (peripheral vascular resistance, PVR) Hypertension can be caused by either an increase in Cardiac Output (CO) or by an increase in Peripheral Resistance (PR)

reports the amount of force exerted by the blood into the arteries during ventricular contraction.

The arteries are thicker and more elastic because of the fast pumping of blood that leaves the heart to other organs to the body, as where the veins are small due to the low blood flow because of the slow movement from the capillaries to the veins not like the forceful pumping from the heart to the arteries to the rest of the body. The Oxygenated blood goes through the arteries except the pulmonary arteries. Then Deoxygenated blood goes through the veins except the pulmonary veins. The lumen of the artery is narrow, were as the lumen of the veins is wider. There are not valves in the arteries, were as the valves are present in veins. In the arteries, endothelial cells of tunica intima are more long then wider, and have more elastic membrane that is more developed. Then the Tunica media is more muscular, and the tunica extrema is not as developed. In veins, the endothelial cells of tunica intima are not as long and have more elastic membrane then being developed. The Tunica media is less muscular were the tunica extrema is more developed. Arteries are deep within and the veins are more superficial. Capillaries are microscopic vessels; they carry blood from the arterioles then go to the small veins or venules. The wall of the capillary made up of a