The Freemont Culture was initially introduced to world in 1931 through a publication written by Noel Morss. The culture and it's peoples are so named for the Freemont River and the surrounding valley where many artifacts and archeological sites have been found. As more sites have been discovered through the years, archaeologists have learned that the Freemont people ranged from Colorado, through Utah and into Nevada. They also went as far north as Idaho and Wyoming. It is believed that these people lived in the area from about 600 CE through 1300 CE. The Freemont typically lived in small family groups and built pit houses or natural rock shelters. Pit houses are built by digging a round hole several feet into the ground, then using support posts to hold up branches and sagebrush to make up the roof and walls. They were then covered in dirt or mud, leaving a hole in the top to allow for entrance and ventilation. Even though a village could contain a dozen pit houses, they are not as sturdy permanent homes, so it is believed not all houses were utilized at any certain time. However, there are some exceptions, such as the village excavated at Five Finger Ridge where over a hundred of structures were found in what may be the largest Freemont settlement. It is thought that as many as 60 or more people lived at the Five Finger Ridge settlement simultaneously. The Freemont are also known to have built granaries from stone and mud, often high up in rock crevices or on
Shelter: Lived in Teepees and oval-shaped longhouses. They lived in groups of extended families near streams and rivers. The length of houses varied, but it could be over 100 feet long. These were used for ceremonial purposes and to house many families during the winter.
Archeologists suggest that the large stones used in building the pyramids were transported by rolling them over logs or a wet, slippery, clay surface. These methods may have been effective in moving the blocks close to the building site, but do not explain how the massive
The makeup of our everyday lives is influenced immensely by the culture we are a part of. In Bengali culture, a person is usually given two names, a pet name and a proper name. Families who move from Calcutta often struggle to assimilate to American life and maintain their cultural heritage. In the novel, The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri, Gogol’s changing of his name along with his romantic relationships with Ruth and Maxine show his initial rejection of Bengali identity and culture. This essay will give an explanation into the ways in which Gogol rejected his culture, first by changing his name, but also through his close relationships with American girls.
Many slaves lived in the lofts of barns or in storage rooms or pool quality of the housing built for them. They built of hewn logs and daubed with the red clay or mud, and only few houses were used the rough brick or rammed earth. By the African tradition, slaves used ox blood or cow dung to make hard dirt floors. Cabins for the slave quarters built
The houses were built cheaply while the land remained marshy ,and dense with mosquitos. When the Irish began flocking to New York during their potato famine they needed cheap shelters and the Five Points was just the place.
Each family had its own lot and some having up to four houses in addition some having two-story structure. Every house had its own purpose to a family for example; one house would hold food storage for winter other houses would be used for entertainment.
The buildings found in this area range from historical buildings built in the 1900’s to newer homes and commercial buildings. Houses are generally older with some newer homes scattered throughout the area. The quality of the homes range from dilapidated to immaculate. Many of the older homes in Old Yuma did not appear to have air conditioning as doors and windows were left open to circulate air, versus the new homes, which contained AC units either on top of the roof or on the ground. All homes appeared to have plumbing and electricity. Homes were generally in close proximity to one another and appeared to have seemingly small lots. There were several abandoned or boarded up homes in the area. Older motels and single story apartments were visualized in the area. Closed down and boarded up motels, hotels, and homes were scattered throughout the area. A homeless shelter was located in a isolated area next to the railroads and county line.
The Earth House is thought to be used for storage or possibly for defensive purposes. It is located underground to stop animals from entering or escaping, which suggests again that this site occupied animals.
Haury’s journal article, “Snaketown: 1964-1965,” Snaketown demonstrated an architecture of independent structure, side entered, with a sunken into the desert floor, and covered by a superstructure supported by vertical posts. The posts sloped from the floor’s edge to horizontal stringers. Reeds, brush, and earth covering closed up the house. One hundred sixty-seven separate house floors made up the town. The well-engineered structure indicated a full sedentary lifestyle indicated a full dependence on agriculture with irrigation. (Haury, 2) The Gila River supported their irrigation operation, however, the citizens of Snaketown used shallow wells with in the town for drinking water. The ability of to access drinking water in a desert environment accounted for the location of Snaketown. (Haury, 3) Pits were dug everywhere searching for ground water and used to produce building material for houses such as adobe. These pits were filled with refuse, such as pottery, and allowed for archaeologists to recover cultural material that represented short time spans and phases of pottery production. (Haury,
At the camp in Manzanar each barracks were sixteen by twenty feet with one light bulb in the middle”We were assigned to of these for the twelve people in our family group: and our official family “number” was enlarged by three digits -16”(Houston pg 959). Jeanne’s new family only had a little amount of room to live. The ones that took this the hardest was newly married couples. Privacy was a big deal for some people so one person made a screen out of cardboard. However screens appeared one or two at a time “They were first built of scrap lumber. Word would get around that block such and such had partitions now, and mama and my older sisters would walk halfway across the camp to use them”(Houton pg 964). These people had no privacy, but did not do heavy work.
While in the Elmira prison, the Union did not give them shelter. Therefore, they relied on their own creativity to create shelters for themselves. They used sticks, logs, blankets and other materials they had in order to feel protected. When they did have a shelter, they used them for sleeping. When materials became scarce so did the shelters.
The majority of families in the camp had chickens, pigs, or other useful animals that help with everyday life. We had a garden in our backyard with fruits, vegetables, and other types of eatable plants. There were banana trees, mangos, jackfruits, peppers, papaya, sugar cane and star fruit trees. Our houses were built with bamboo and the rooftops were covered with hay. A lot of houses were on hills because the camp was not a flat place. We had no electricity or water lines connected to our home. Houses were built
The feelings of Shelly and Cooper feel in "Land of the Free" changed from beginning to end, and one event changes them. In the beginning, they feel upset and sad because of what happens. The tire on Shelly's float is flat and Shelly hopes that Cooper can fix it, only to find out that he has never been taught how to. The author states, " As soon as the words were out of my mouth, she deflates like the airless tire beside her," ("Land of the Free, 7). The mood in the example proves that Shelly and Cooper are upset and hopeless that anything good will come out of it. However, as the parade starts, soldiers, giant floats, and band march down the street, and make Shelly even more upset because she can't participate. In the middle, soldiers march
Shelter has always been a necessity for mankind. We, as humans, have a relationship with the land that we must respect to live happily amongst it. Spaning back as far as the pre-Colonial Australia, indigenous Australians understood this connection excellently. Their shelters seemed to ‘bend with the land’ as they understood crucial elements within the architecture to compensate for distinctive climate and cultural factors to fit their nomadic lifestyle. Their living style was very minimalistic yet practical. The indigenous Australians only built what they needed to survive. For evidence of this, we will be looking at the text; ‘Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley: the
The protection provided by slave owners was too stingy. Many slaves lived in small stick houses with dirt floors, not the log slave cabins often depicted in books and movies. These shelters had cracks in the walls that let in cold and wind, and had only thin coverings over the windowpanes. Again, slave owners supplied only the minimum required for survival; they were mainly concerned with