William Roseberry in this article studies the emergence of the gourmet food industry as an indicator of class, identity, and generation. He explores the historical context of the rise of the "new tastes" in coffee industry as a response to the early mass market standardization regime.
Examining the historical, sociological and anthropological aspects of changing the structure of marketing and consumption of coffee, he probes a broader range of implications in the social change. He focuses on the new patterns of consumption as retailors shrink the trade from mass to niche marketing, and that how these new patterns, which are formed by the power structure, has affected the labor and so the consumers. With an emphasis on political economy
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The vision of this movement was to make variety of flavors and types of coffee to appeal to every person, and to permeate every aspect of consumer's life. Therefore, the group of people that market feared to loose had drawn in the coffee chain more than ever. They learned to not to just drink coffee but to socialize over it, and to be identified over the certain brand or type of coffee they drink. As Kenneth Roman puts it, the whole coffee market revolves around individual tastes: "it's all about me"; however, Roseberry believes that this structure and connections within the coffee industry are carefully controlled by the market:
That is to say, my newfound freedom to choose and the taste and discrimination I cultivate, have been shaped by traders and marketers responding to a long-term decline in sales with a move toward market segmentation along class and generational lines ... This is not, of course, to say we enter the market as mere automatons; clearly, we have and exercise choices, and we (apparently) have more things to choose from than we once did. But we exercise those choices in a world of structured relationships, and part of what those relationships structure (or shape) is both the arena and the process of choice itself (1996: 771).
William Roseberry main point in this article is to explore the connection between the gourmet food movement, the "consumer fetishism" instilled with infinite choices, and the identity, class, and
In the prestigious documentary film, Food Inc., produced by Robert Kenner and founded upon an Eric Schlosser’s book, Fast Food Nation, Mr. Kenner has an intriguing impact on the American consumers of many food products and industries. Throughout the film, viewers and everyday consumers of these various products, visualize what takes place behind the scenes in food factories, contrary to what they may see through forms of advertisement. The documentary generates an image of an “Agrarian America” in a naturalistic way to convey the message of what food production truly consists of. The film uses ethos, pathos, and logos as rhetorical devices to enhance the horrendousness of food production to its audience in multiple ways. Food Inc. provides not only a visual effect on the audience's emotion to portray its message, but uses a variety of commentary scenes from several experts and members within the food industry.
Almost everyone drinks coffee. Most people view it as part of their basic needs. It is normally the first to be consumed whenever a day starts. It is commonly believed that a cup of coffee makes someone brighter and so able to perform his or her duties actively. This is therefore my chosen product. The following sections describes the path the product takes from the producer to reach me as well as to another consumer in another country which will be Brazil in this case.
Alternative movements, such as eating organic, also become “performative of an elite sensibility” (Guthman 2003, 52), as food is used as a symbol of certain social and environmental values, while the consumption of this food bolsters a sense of heightened moral superiority. Product manufacturers have been particularly astute in rebranding even the most unhealthy of foods, such as sugar, by ‘re-enchanting’ foods, projecting ‘holistic’ notions such as the family farm across their plastic packaging. These “supermarket narratives” play into consumer desires for ‘healthy’ foods by emphasizing ‘freshness’ and ‘sustainability’ (Reisch 2003), ideas which complement the ‘white’ ideology of food. In consuming these ‘healthier’ foods, the white middle class consumer often separates themselves from fast food eaters, who are viewed as mindless fools (Guthman 2003, 55).
The coffee served in Second Cup is also high quality and the drinks available strongly rival those in Starbucks. In the past decade there has been an explosive growth of 157% in the area of coffee shop market. Canadian coffee market share, new companies have limited to no space for growth in North America. Second Cup’s market share at the Canadian market is about 8%.Upon these facts and analysis there is an unlimited growth possibilities in the coffee market in Canada. There are different factors that do influence in the purchase of coffee from these outlets and the the way these coffees are priced. Customers are reluctant to get coffee from these outlets as the prices are too high than the coffees that could be made at home. There is a huge conflict between the pricing of coffees at these places and homemade ones. Coffee shops are determined to serve the best quality coffees which are been imported from South America and Africa, due to the rise in oil prices transportation charges have also been increased. And also due to different global climatic conditions the prices of these gourmet coffee beans have been increased.
The caffeine in coffee become an ethical increase over alcohol and have become a fashionable social beverage. It was interesting to see how it started off as this very exotic drink only for the upper class and then turned into what it is now. Coffee is a very fashionable drink that does not cost much that many have led their days with in today’s society.
Berry begins the article by pointing out the consumer’s ignorance as they do not realize the connection they have with the agricultural cycle. Many believe that eating is an agriculture act, however, they do not associate themselves with this act because they do not have direct contact with the actual food production process. Berry explains that the reason why people think this way is because “they just buy what they want - or what they have been persuaded to want” without a second thought on the qualities and the states of the products (3). He appeals to the reader’s emotions as he describes the nature of the consumers because it demonstrates the reality of how little people nowadays care what they consume into their body. Berry further enforces his appeal on the audience’s emotions by claiming that “food is pretty much an abstract idea” to most of the urban shoppers (4). Shoppers understand that food is produced on farms, but have no knowledge on the locations of the farms, the type of farms, and the techniques that are involved in farming. This statement supports Berry’s claims on the consumer’s ignorance because it points out the important role that consumers actually play
Coffee is a beverage that is globally consumed, but also a product that has different values in different parts of the world. The role coffee plays in society differs around the world, from the farmers who grew the crops to the people who constantly consume them. Social theoretical perspectives are capable of showing the different roles coffee has in different societies. Symbolic interactionism, functionalism, and Marxism are three theories which show coffee’s role sociologically. These theories show how coffee affects people physically, how it affects them emotionally, how it leads them to have interactions, how it connects different parts of society, and how it’s economically controlled by a select few.
Marketing is a competitive field that companies outdo each other to make a profit. Café Campesino is a retail-based company that assists farmers to sell their products in a fair and profitable trade. The American coffee industry is that which is on growth with more than 64% of American drinks an average of a cup of coffee a day. The coffee industry just like other agricultural products is affected by a host of factors from climatic variations to fluctuation of prices. This paper seeks to look at Café Campesino's marketing plan in the coffee industry. The paper appreciates the effect
Coffee has played a major role in the lives of many people around the world. “Yet, poetic as its taste may be, coffee’s history is rife with controversy and politics…[becoming a] creator of revolutionary sedition in Arab countries and in Europe” (Pendergrast xvi). After reading Uncommon Grounds, it is apparent that the history of coffee is intertwined with the aspects of the globalization process, the role of Multi-National Corporations, and global economic issues.
Moving on, the theory of ‘conspicuous consumption’ which according to Bourdieu (1986:31) ‘seeks distinction in the crude display of ill-mastered luxury, is nothing compared to the unique capacity of the pure gaze, a quasi-creative power which sets the aesthete apart from the common herd by a radical difference which seems to be inscribed in ‘persons’’. He explains that conspicuous consumption is when people buy things not for themselves, but for others in the society in order to show it to them and what they think of it. This is to express that they have the money and can afford to buy such items. People want to look different through their appearance by the use of their luxury. It seems as if it has become significant to people that their identity lies within the products that they can purchase. This notion of using consumption to portray your identity within the class is also mentioned by Lury (1996:80) when she claims that ‘lifestyle is thus an instance of the tendency for groups of individuals to use
Statistics show that over half of the American population consumes coffee on a daily basis. You may drink coffee hot, cold, mixed, or even in a frappuccino. Individuals are able to make coffee at home, or buy it on the go. Coffee provides people with caffeine, which ultimately gives energy for hardworking people all around the world. The main focus for this paper will cover the following topics, with coffee as the basis: causes for shifts in supply and demand, how coffee supply and demand influence price, quantity,
Seeing someone holding a cup of coffee on the street is not unusual at all nowadays. In fact, they are starting to get more common. There are now different varieties to choose from. Shops or cafes also provide a lot of different choices or products to consumers. Prices could range from low to high, depending on what type of coffee beans you have chosen to make the coffee. By adopting the sociological imagination to coffee, it gives us a better understanding of what coffee represents in a social context. Based on the definition by Mills, [the sociological imagination can be defined as] the ability to understand the dynamic relationship between individual lives and the larger society (Ravelli, Bruce and Michelle Webber, 2016). This is basically where individuals have to think outside the box. In this case, we have to think specifically for the object, coffee. For instance, how does it perform its function in the society?
The demand for coffee shops is born from the increased number of individuals seeking coffee brewed outside of the home. This creates a larger market for coffee shops. An increased amount of people are starting their mornings off by purchasing breakfast and a cup of coffee away from home (Tuttle 2014), more people are enjoying gourmet coffee (NCA National Coffee Drinking Trends 2015 Infographic), and younger generations are demanding more coffee and coffee drinks from coffee shops (Tuttle 2014, S&D Coffee and Tea inc. 2014, Statista 2015). Coffee shops must compete with at home coffee, work place coffee, and teas for the caffeinated beverage markets (LN 2015). Demand for coffee within different markets varies, and provides competition for coffee shops. Single cup coffee makers, increasingly qualitative instant coffees, and gourmet beans are all sources of competition that could satisfy the demand for coffee. However, coffee shops are becoming more ingrained in social
With the development of economic globalization, “fast food” becomes a more and more substantial industry in the business world, which adapts to the pace of people’s life. Each organization spares every effort to stand forward the competition due to the fierce competition. In this article, we focus on the “Starbucks”, a prevailing coffee manufacturer in recent years.
The consumer market is segmented according to age as well as preferences. People working in offices located close to the coffee bar and on sophisticated teenagers. Younger consumers are often willing to spend more on fancy coffee blends and signature drinks; the health-conscious would be willing to pay extra for “healthier” substitutes such as organic products; My market research shows that these are the customer groups that are most likely to buy coffee products. Since coffee consumption is universal across different income categories and mostly depends on the level of higher education.