that promotes English language acquisition and literacy proficiency for English language learners is the cornerstone of literacy reform in the United States. In this assignment, I define teacher knowledge. I then identify three areas of professional development that, by increasing teacher knowledge, would translate to increased learning gains for English language learners. Teacher Knowledge Carlisle, Kelcey, Rowan, and Phelps (2011) distinguished between teacher academic knowledge and teacher
Foreign Language (TOEFL), which has been a divisive one since there are those who argue that this is not relevant given the high rate of usage of the English language, albeit it is not one’s native tongue. In succinct, TOEFL is a standardized test of English language proficiency that is in status quo taken by non-native English speakers when they want to enroll in any United States (US)
Considering Students’ Language Background in Higher Education Assessment Outcomes: The Educational Testing Proficiency Profile The increasing popularity of assessments that measure students’ college-level knowledge and skills has been accompanied in the past decade by the incremental population of college students whose native language is not English or who speak English as a second language (ESL). Higher Education institutions are more often confronted with the task of considering language background when
Domain 1: Effective Practice for Teaching Language Effective teachers of CLD students must understand their linguistic background, culture and English language learning processes when planning instruction. Learning environments that support language acquisition, literacy development and content area achievement provide opportunities for increased academic success in reading, writing, speaking and listening. Planning and preparation for effective instruction involves building on CLD students backgrounds
The roles and impacts of Academic listening skills on EAL international students in New Zealand Colleges and Universities (B) The continuous increase in the number of international students mostly from non-native English speaking countries such as China, Iran, Malaysia and India, travelling to study in New Zealand is alarming. There is a growing concern on which components of academic language skills English as an additional language (EAL) international students will require for studies, as the medium
Chapter 4 discusses the importance of differentiating between the language and the content of mathematics, science, and social studies in order for ELLs to gain both academic language proficiency and academic achievement. The author raises an awareness of some of the difficulties which are included in the process of developing academic language of these three content subjects. Gottlieb (2006) claims that “It is a myth that mathematics is a universal language”; he explains that mathematical symbols
Implementing a two-way Spanish and English immersion program provides students with a unique educational experience in which students have access to instruction in their primary language and a second language, with the goal of becoming bilingual and biliterate. This paper will review literature and research supporting dual language programs and provide the rational for the implementation of Lenguas Nativas. Identity Formation and Cultural Awareness Garcia (2009) suggests that bilingualism leads to social
Deaf Children in American Sign Language” stressed the importance of introducing a visual language at a young age to Deaf children so they can have the same type of start as a hearing child. This presentation mirrors an earlier presentation by Sanjay Gulati, “Language Deprivation Syndrome” Riker begins by explaining that hearing children enter Kindergarten being ready for school due to having a strong first language. This occurs due to the parents using a language that is accessible to the children
Bilingualism on Language and Cognitive Development Depending on whom you ask, the topic of bilingualism is something that many individuals wonder and ask questions about, especially when it comes to language development. One of the main concerns parents and educators alike have about being bilingual is how is what kind effect will it have on a child when learning a second language while growing up. Many are scared because at times they think the child would lose their first language or not be able
BICs—Basic Interpersonal Communication System i. Everyday talk ii. Basic interpersonal communication skills iii. In the stages of language development—early production and speech emergence. iv. Fluency takes 1-3 years v. Context imbedded vi. Survival language b. CALPs—Cognitive Academic Language i. Academic ii. Cognitive academic proficiency iii. In the stages of language development—Intermediate fluency and advanced fluency. iv. Complete fluency takes up to a lifetime v. Fewer non-verbal cues vi.