The inner city HD center currently have 81 active patients, of which 90% of the patient population are chronically noncompliant and two patients whom has expressed the desire to die and suicidal thoughts in the last three months. The facility also cater to a diverse patient population and is primarily of a lower socioeconomic status. As previously indicated, nurses currently do not screen for depressive symptoms. With that said, it is impossible to compare the context of research to those seen in professional practice. However, multiple studies agree that education plays a vital role in depression. Keskin and Engin (2011) wrote that educational status greatly impact depression and suicidal ideation. They found that those experiencing depression (F = 7.42, p = 0.001) and suicidal ideation (F = 4.51, p = 0.014) have a lower educational status. Similarly, Nabolsi et al. (2015) found that individuals with higher education lead higher QOL (F = 7.250; P = 0.001) and are less likely to display depressive symptoms (F = 10.721, P = 0.000). On the contrary, studies has also shown that lower educational status, more specifically, hinder patients ability to fully comprehend their disease process and treatment modalities (Chiang, Livneh, Yen, Li, & Tsai, 2013; Keskin & Engin, 2011). Consequently, impacting adherence and QOL. As mentioned earlier , depression is significantly prevalent in ESRD patients leading to poor patient outcomes. According to the study by Nabolsi et al. (2015), a
Mental health among college students has been proven to be a relevant social issue that our society faces. There are certainly a few different institutions that play a large role within the development of this social issue. The first institution, and the primary institution at play with this issue, is the higher education system. In terms of mental health and having access to resources, college students haven’t always been as lucky as they are today. One study in 2007 explains the story of Junior at Syracuse University (Kravets, 3081). Anita Rutman had a history of mental health issues; she even found herself being admitted to a mental health hospital. One morning in February, she threw herself off of the eighth floor of Boland Hall and landed on a patio and fortunately lived. However, her attempt stemmed from the university sending her letter three days prior that informed Anita that the school was planning to dismiss her because of her suicidal tendencies (Kravets, 3081). Anita later sued Syracuse for ten million dollars for malpractice and negligence in handling her condition.
Polytech High School has experienced four deaths among students all within one month in the year of 2012. The most recent death was a 17-year-old male on February 15, 2012. This increase in suicides among this particular age group has generated many questions both from the community as well as researchers. According to WBOC, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has stepped in to get a better understanding of why there has been increase of suicides and why the increase in this particular age group. A common factor among all four fatal cases were that all four individuals suffered from depression, with strong implications that the depression may have went unaddressed and untreated (Crosby et al., 2013).
Healthy People 2020 is a government site that identifies health concerns based on statistics observed and collected over a ten-year period. Mental Health and Mental Disorders is one of the many health concerns or topics listed on their website and has been further subcategorized into objectives and goals (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2015). The first objective listed under this topic states “reduce the suicide rate” (HHS, 2015). The goal of this objective is to “reduce the suicide rate by ten percent” (HHS, 2015). Suicide is prevalent among varying age groups, ethnicities, and genders (HHS, 2012). It is an increasing problem prompting Healthy People 2020 to label it as a Leading Health Indicator or an extremely important issue (HHS, 2015). To meet their goal, Healthy People 2020 partnered with the U. S. Surgeon General and the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention (NAASP) to create a plan that can be utilized throughout the nation. Their plan focuses on removing the stigma associated with mental health and mental health disorders while simultaneously building supportive communities with increased access to care, creating a standardized model promoting the collaboration of health care professionals in order to increase identification and data collection of high-risk patients and provide continuity of care, and ensuring the education and the adequacy of patient support systems.
They further explain, “Data shows that nearly 10 percent of postsecondary students had "seriously considered" suicide in the 2015-2016 school year, yet lack of funding for behavioral health resources across all sectors remains one of the largest barriers for postsecondary institutions to address its students’ behavioral health challenges” (p. 1). University of Washington (2013) explains further, “The
In 2014, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death overall in the United States. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2015), there were twice as many suicides than there were homicides. Suicidal ideation (SI), defined as an individual thinking about, considering, or planning their suicide, is established before the act of committing suicide. Research suggests that adverse childhood experiences (CDC, 2015) will put an individual at risk for developing a mental illness that could result in SI and suicide attempt (SA). It is important for the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) to recognize the signs of SI and SA while assessing their client.
Caity Farrell, a student at Western Harnett High School in Sanford North Carolina went to her guidance counselor, after finding out she was pregnant at the age of seventeen, about her college options. She had always dreamed of becoming a doctor and took honors and AP classes to make sure she could achieve that dream. Her counselor responded with telling her that she might as well go to community college because she already ruined her life. The schools are making student grades and attendance more important than their sanity and health. One in five students have a severe mental disorder and seventeen percent of students between grades nine and twelve have had suicidal thoughts. Nine percent of those students will attempt to take their lives.
In addition, for patients who are being treated for mental health problems or for those patients who I may suspect as being suicidal, I can work on gradually leading the patient to talk about their suicidality in order to get them to open up and gain their trust (Bryan & Rudd, 2006). For patients who have show suicidal thoughts or ideation in the past, I will work on treating the suicide as the behavior to change instead of focusing just on any comorbid mental health disorders (M. Class 4/10). I will focus on getting to know my patients better and the factors that have lead them to where they are in life. In order to help them the most, I will need to know their drivers and in order to do that, I will need to build rapport with them, so that they share with me. We will also work to build their coping skills, because I know how hard it can be to figure out coping mechanisms on your own especially when you are dealing with a crisis (M. Class
The use of distressed college students as analogues for depression research, however, is not sufficient in meaningfully advancing our current knowledge of depression and its treatment. Due to ease of access and convenience, the excessive reliance on this sample has made some researchers neglect crucial and noteworthy differences. This paper will address these critical differences including severity and symptomatology, issues of generalizability and problems with the psychometrics. Lastly, this paper will illustrate how research of college students as analogue samples does not need to be discontinued; rather, several suggestions to improve this research will be explored. Currently, there are two views in the literature regarding depression:
The most common psychological health problem in patients with ESRD is depression (Battistella, 2012; Cohen, Norris, Acquaviva, Peterson, & Kimmel, 2007; Feroze, Martin, Reina-Patton, Kalantar-Zadeh, & Kopple 2010; Keskin & Engin, 2011). Several studies reported that anywhere from 20 to 30% of patients with ESRD suffer from some form of depression (Battistella, 2012; Keskin & Engin, 2011). It has been suggested that because patients with renal failure have to deal with multiple issues physiologically: renal diet, limit on fluid intake, sexual dysfunction, loss of appetite, medication adherence, and fatigue; in addition to going through HD 3 to 4 times a week for 3 to 4 hours at a time, it leads to depression (Keskin & Engin, 2011). Studies suggested that ESRD Patients suffering from depression have a lower quality of life, and an increased in mortality and morbidity due to non-compliance (Battistella, 2012; Feroze et al., 2010; Keskin & Engin, 2011). Increased in hospitalizations among depressed HD patients
Depression and suicide are two significant global public health concerns. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that there are 350 million people that suffer from depression (WHO, 2015a). Also, over 800,000 deaths from suicides occur each year (WHO, 2015b). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, year), approximately 18.8 million (9.5 percent) American adults, have a depressive disorder each year (CDC, 2013b). The CDC (2015) also reported that in 2014, there were 42,773 suicides representing a rate of 12.93 per 100,000 persons. Depression and suicide are common among African Americans. According to The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Data Brief report, depression rates are highest
Depression is a growing problem in today’s modern society. In the United States sixteen million adults currently suffer from clinical depression. This leads to over thirty thousand suicides, and five hundred thousand suicide attempts amongst Americans every year. Even people in a “perfect” world can not escape this reality. Bernard from Brave New World suffers bouts of depression often. Depression is a growing issue that is not always recognized for its severity, nor treated with the attention it requires, which only results in the worsening of the issue. Despite the lack of attention, depression is one of the nation’s leading causes of disability. It is an easily treatable mental health disorder, and with rising general knowledge and awareness
Suicide rates have skyrocketed in the last few years due in part to the lack of access to mental healthcare caused by the stigma that surrounds seeking treatment. An estimated 15% of people diagnosed with depression and approximately 20% of those diagnosed with bipolar disorder take their own life according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHA) fact sheet. While these numbers are shocking, the statistics do not include the many suicide attempts among those with a mental illness or those that go unreported. SAMHA also claims that one-third of the 15.7 million adults who reported having a major depressive episode in the
Mental health disorders affect just about every single person in the world. These disorders come in many forms and severities. A couple of these disorders are depression, anxiety, eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and many more. In the United States alone 43.8 million, 1 in 5, adults suffer from a form of a mental health disorder. About 21.4%, or 1 in 5 juveniles ages 13-18, suffer from mental health disorders. Of people in our country who are homeless or incarcerated, majority of them suffer from at least one form of a mental health disorder. These disorders can also lead to suicide. Suicide is a terrible act that has risen in prevalence recently. Mental health issues are
Today a college education can overload students with too many stressful situations. Not only does Stress overload today's college students, but it is also the leading cause of personality disorders. In her essay, Cathy Bell explains that major depressive disorder strikes 5-12% of men and 10-20% of women; half of these people will have more than one occurrence and 15% of them will commit suicide ("Depression for the young"). For instance, many depressives are first recognized and treated during their years in college. For a large amount of people, depression exposes itself because of traumatizing experiences, such as leaving home and/or academic stress. For other students alcohol and drugs become a
Depression is the most common of all psychological disorders, affecting 100 million people worldwide. The depression ranges from mild feelings of uneasiness, sadness, and apathy to intense suicidal despair. (Kasschau) If left untreated, it could lead the