Cultures can be differentiated on the basis of the relationship between communication in that culture and the interactants’ depending on the context in which it is presented (Adair et al, 2009). This essay will evaluate USA and Japanese business culture and the resulting behaviours. Using the set of bipolar scales by Hofstede (1993) and Trompenaars and Turners (1998) it will observe to varying degrees how business culture is closely tied to national culture using a set of bipolar scales, while Hofstede and Hall (Adair 2009) begin to consider historical and religious implications. Japan and USA are one of the largest economies in the world. Recently the United states- Japan alliance continues to be based on shared vital and interest and …show more content…
The American society is “loosely-knit” in which they believe that people should look after themselves and their immediate family only and should not rely on the authorities for support (Moran et al, 2011, p.20). Americans expect their employees to be self-reliant and display initiative. However the Japanese culture shows many of the characteristics of a collectivistic society with a score of 46, Japanese are famous for their loyalty to their company and have a belief based more on the harmony of the group, for example in Japan, if one person is offended the whole group in turn is offended (Trompenaars and Turners, 1998). According to Adair et al. (2009) in term of low and high context is not how we say things or do things but also how we use different kinds of information when communicating and interacting with each other. High-context cultures such as Japan are relational, collectivist, intuitive, and contemplative. Developing trust is an important first step to any business transaction. Japanese like to get to know their partners well. In the past, the keiretsu system which referred to the tight-knit relationship between connected companies (Adair 2009). Hall (1959 cited in Adair 2009) state that Japanese culture is very collectivist, preferring group harmony and consensus to individual achievement. Also people are less governed by reason than by intuition or feelings. Words are not as important as context, which
Collectivism is doing something not just for yourself but for the good of everyone involved. It has nothing to do with the individual and everything to do with the overall group’s success. This is what the Japanese value highly. They always reinforce this throughout the movie about how they will do whatever it takes for the company to do good. One of many examples of this is when the Japanese show up to play the softball game. Before the game starts you see the Japanese team working together and participating in a team warm up. The Americans make fun of this and think of it as something that makes them weaker. When the game starts you are able to see exactly how this hurts the Americans. The Japanese play a “small ball” game and worry about getting runners on base and relying on everyone working together to get runs on the board. The Americans, who are less team oriented, try to do everything themselves and try to hit the ball as far and hard as they can every time they come up to bat.
The cultural behaviors of the “American” or “Japanese” in the video do not accurately reflect business behaviors in these countries so please do not generalize based on the video. The video is meant as a classroom exercise to analyze a specific cultural encounter. Total 20 points.
People no longer use the term “Japanese American” in today's society. Instead, they are no longer thought as a separate group and are incorrectly categorized as “Asian American”, along with Vietnamese American, Chinese American, etc. Japanese Americans have an extremely unique background in terms of their origins, history, and struggle with racialization. Like many ethnic groups, Japanese Americans have been subjected to many different portrayals throughout American history. Even though cultural separation and suspicion are deemed as immoral, such practices toward them were thought to be necessary by the American Government. For a good amount of time, they suffered from racial hostility and violence. Now, in an age where cultural diversity
Throughout History, there have been many different groups or events that are still widely known today. Groups of people such as the Indians or Vikings are popular groups which are referenced constantly in today’s society. However, none of these groups is more known or referenced than the Japanese Samurai. Originating in 646 AD, these Japanese warriors developed from a loose organization of farmers to the dominant social class in Feudal Japan. Along with their dominant military and political standing, the samurai brought with them a unique code or moral belief that became the core of Samurai culture. Because of this, the Samurai and their principles still affect modern day Japanese society with social customs today
Japanese Americans practice a wide range of religions. Those religions are Buddhism, Shinto, and Christianity. Many Japanese tradition has been influenced by practices of Shinto and Buddhist. Massive amounts of Japanese Americans that continue to practice Buddhism. Many traditions and festivals revolve around Buddhist Institutions. For example, the Obon Festival, Which occurs in the summer, provides a chance for them to reconnect with their traditions and customs, and to eventually pass those traditions to the young. Those type of festivals are common when there are large populations of Japanese Americans. A reasonable number of Japanese people in and out are secular. Shinto and Buddhism are most often practiced by funerals or marriages, not
Although, the Japanese business culture involves a more democratic and participative approach to the decision making process by seeking consensus based on who’s allowed at the table. There is a strong seniority system, stresses in rank, and the upper level management is tasked with looking after employees, which influence relationships dynamics. Moreover, the person with the highest status usually speaks first and has more influence. (Deresky, 2014) While in Mexico, the authoritative hierarchical decision making process where lower level employees are not involved and it would be seen as inappropriate. Moreover, the employees have confidence in the credibility of the manager and therefore their decisions. (Commisceo Global, 2017)
Since Japan’s exit from isolation and entrance into global, cross cultural exchange, many aspects of the Japanese culture have been shaped and changed from their original traditionalism. Despite Western influence, however, Japan has been able to maintain a sense of cultural identity through unique practices that are rooted in the original culture. A prime example of this autonomy can be found when observing Japanese business culture and ethics, especially when the United States is used as a cornerstone of comparison. In observing the modern business practices of both nations one is immediately drawn to the manner in which business is both discussed and
In today’s modern, fast-paced, technology driven world it is all too easy to misinterpret and misunderstand situations, both personal and professional, that could easily be solved by taking a look into the cultural concepts and norms of a group or society. In cultures with a long history of social customs, it would be beneficial for those involved to examine the special features and norms that make up this culture in an effort to better the communication and understanding of personal and professional relationships. This area can be especially favorable in working with those of the Japanese decent as this culture is deeply intricate with many traditions and standards that have been passed on from generation to generation. Some of theses cultural
This paper provided an opportunity to take a deeper look into the country of Japan by conducting a Global Cultural Analysis. Throughout this paper the following four research areas were explored: 1.What is the major elements and dimensions of culture in Japan? 2. How are these elements and dimensions integrated by locals conducting business in Japan? 3. How does U.S. culture and business compare with the elements and dimensions of culture integrated by the locals conducting business in Japan? 4. What are the implications for U.S. businesses that wish to conduct business with Japan?
Western Influence on Japan Japan, as a nation, is a continually changing society. Ever since western nations became involved with Japan, its changes over recent times have increased at a substantial rate. Japan now faces cultural, economical and social differences as a result of the western involvement. The involvement was initiated by the Japanese themselves, beginning during the Meiji Period1 through current times.
Many religions are popular within the Japanese culture. Two of the most influential religions, Shinto and Buddhism that help shaped a lot of Japanese values are Shinto and Buddhism, played a large role in shaping Japanese values. Numerous similarities and differences run between these two religions; nonetheless, the Japanese often believe in more than one religion at the same time. This is possible due to the polytheistic nature of most popular religions in Japan. It is not hard to say that religion is a big part of Japanese culture because a lot of religious beliefs can still be seen in their everyday lives.
All around the world, religion is a dominant idea for many cultures; exemplifying a certain way of life, serving as a basis for faith, and bringing charity to the world, religion is a extensive concept. For several cultures and countries religion may vary according to demographics, socio-economical class, and ethnicity. Main concepts of religion in Japan are natural and superstitious based. The leading religion in Japan remains Shinto, while other religions have come and go, interweaving themselves among the Japanese society.
The culture of a place is an integral part of its society whether that place is a remote Indian village in Brazil or a highly industrialized city in Western Europe. The culture of Japan fascinates people in the United States because, at first glance, it seems so different. Everything that characterizes the United States--newness, racial heterogeneity, vast territory, informality, and an ethic of individualism-- is absent in Japan. There, one finds an ancient and homogeneous society, an ethic that emphasizes the importance of groups, and a tradition of formal behavior governing every aspect of daily living, from drinking tea to saying hello. On the surface at least, U.S. and Japanese
The Japanese culture has allowed for very little diversity. This started very early in their history. The social controls used to eliminate diversity are the family, the power of gender, the poor treatment of minority groups, the corporate Japanese mentality, and the respect required by people in authority. However, due to globalization and the shrinking of the world, Japanese society is starting to make the change to diversity. The individualistic mentality shared by the new technology driven younger generation is putting pressure on the old Japanese status quo. The transformation is happening very slow, but as the population ages and the old conservatives are being replaced by the new liberals, the old way
Another relevant cultural model which may offer insight to businesses interested in expanding operations in different countries is the “Lewis Model” (Figure 6). Richard Lewis is a linguist cultural consultant who is best known as the founder of the “Berlitz School of Languages” (“Richard D. Lewis”, n.d.). Notably, Mr. Lewis has a unique understanding of Japanese Culture having spent several years living in Japan, where he was the personal tutor to Empress Michiko and five other members of the Japanese Imperial family (“Richard Lewis”, 2015). “Cultural behavior is the end product of collected wisdom, filtered and passed down through hundreds of generations as shared core beliefs, value assumptions, notions and persistent action patterns. In other words, culture is a collective programming of the mind, that distinguishes the members of one human group from another (Lewis, 2006).” However, there is an inherent danger of stereotyping associated with each of these cultural models. As Lewis wrote, "Determining national characteristics is treading a minefield of inaccurate assessment and surprising exception.” "There is, however, such a thing as a national norm (Lewis)." The “Lewis Model” suggests the culture, national norm, of every country falls into one of three distinct categories: Linear Active, Multi-active or Reactive. In this model, the Japanese culture is categorized as reactive, which suggests they are a listening culture. Reactive cultures are those who