It’s generally agreed upon, from scholars to the average reader, that the ancient Greece society was overwhelmingly patriarchal. For this reason, 4th century B.C had views that were dominantly misogynist. Women were thought to be no more than tools to the men of the Athenian society. To explain, one can look at the archaeology of the Greeks. The towering figure of Dionysos, the God of Wine, hovering over a miniature, and at the same time powerless, women perfectly exemplifies this concept of misogynism. To further the periods misogynistic ideas, the traditional literature had no concept of centering a story around a woman. Yet despite living in this society as described, Greek playwright Euripides was the first voice of protofeminism in …show more content…
Even the chorus doesn’t deny her endeavors, thus arousing some form of pity in the reader. Medea even states that she just prefers death over all else. The argument though is, can there really by pity for a child-killer and a savage whose actions have resulted in countless deaths? No matter the outcome of the play, Euripides writes it so there is a certain level of connection with Medea in the beginning of the play, so the viewer can watch as she releases herself from the male control. This in turn makes the viewer instead go through catharsis, because they related most to the tragic ending of Jason and realized that this could have been prevented if a male treated a woman in a better fashion. Even Bernard Knox, from the Johns Hopkins press, stated that the lines of Medea’s speech is a “complaint of a woman of great intellectual capacity” who lack the power for change (Knox 314). Euripides takes advantage of this fact to convey that Medea wouldn’t have mindlessly murder her children, he wanted the audience to then think about why the playwright wrote that scene. Only then did they realize it was to sympathize with Medea. Symbolically this scene conveyed women as an individual and not just a women bearer. The horrors are a coverup for Euripides so his views of proto-feminism weren’t deemed too radical. In addition, the work of Euripides
The duty of women portrayed in Greek society is a major subject in Euripides Medea. In old Greek society, ladies are delicate and compliant as per men, and their social position is viewed as exceptionally mediocre. Feminism is the hypothesis of men being viewed different in contrast to women and the male predominance over ladies in the public eye. Women's lives are spoken to by the parts they either pick or have forced on them. This is obvious in the play Medea by Euripides through the characters of Medea and the medical attendant. During the day and age which Medea is set ladies have exceptionally restricted social power and no political power by any stretch of the imagination, despite the fact that a ladies' maternal and residential power was regarded in the protection of the home, "Our lives rely upon how his lordship feels." The constrained power these ladies were given is diverse to present day society yet parts are as yet forced on ladies to acclimate and be a devoted spouse. Ladies have dependably been dis engaged because of their sex in present day and antiquated circumstances alike. In Corinth they are required to run the family unit and fit in with social desires of an obedient spouse. Medea, being an eternal and relative from the divine beings has a specific power in insight and guileful keenness. Being an outsider, Medea's wayward nonsensical conduct was normal in this play as she was not conceived in Greece and was viewed as an exotic foreigner. She goes over to the group of onlookers as an intense female character regarding viciousness. Some of Medea's responses and decisions have all the earmarks of being made a huge deal about as creators for the most part influence characters to appear to be overwhelming; this makes a superior comprehension of the content and the issues which are produced through the characters. Medea's ill-conceived marriage and the double-crossing of Jason drive Medea to outrageous vengeance. Medea acts with her immortal self and confer coldhearted demonstrations of murder instead of legitimize the results of her actions. Medea see's this choice as her lone resort as she has been exiled and has no place to go, "stripped of her place." To make sensitivity for Medea, Euripides
Euripides was one of the most well-known playwrights of ancient Greece. He was known as a modern playwright because he wrote with realism, and had a doubtful way of portraying the gods in his plays. Euripides’s plays had women as the main character because he had a sympathetic way of portraying women. The women were mainly strong and are passionate in their motives for their actions. Although Euripides is well known now, during ancient Greece Euripides wasn’t an appreciated playwright. When there were play performances men would be the audience since women weren’t allowed to take part in or watch the plays. So with the focus of women in his plays, he gave them a voice, which would throw men off, mainly because they would be terrified if their wives did and said the same things. Euripides supplied a philosophical thought to the women he has written about.
People hate women. Women hate people. It is seen how throughout the years, the strong dislike towards the feminine group of society has been portrayed through the arts such as literature. This can definitely be seen in ancient writings seeing that men, who were on top of the “food chain” stripped women of their value in society as fast as they stripped them from their garments for sexual pleasure. As generations passed, empires fell, and nations collapsed, women continued to be looked down upon and they remained hidden under the shadow of men. Unlike recent years, no one, not even women themselves, dared to stand up for a chance to be seen as an equal and not a property. But Euripides did. Or so they say.
In ancient Greece the females were considered to be conniving and deceiving whisperers, and men almost never trusted their wives. The ideal woman was an obedient and placating wife. They believed that the female should be strong but still yield to the power of the male in charge, whether it was older brother, father, or husband. Euripides often used females in uncommon ways; he did not simply show them as complacent animals. Women in Euripides' plays were used for social commentary. They were not just simple characters; they could be both agathos and kakos. The females in the works of Euripides were extremely strong and devious and they were loyal but at the same time
Commonly considered one of Euripides greatest pieces, Medea is an insightful depiction of how a woman’s love for her husband, churns into a gruesome revenge scheme against him. This tragedy illustrates a tale of a woman who challenges Greek societal norms. In the era that the story takes place; women are often seen in submissive roles. However, the play’s main character, Medea, challenges their customs through her actions against the Kingdom of Corinth and Jason.
Medea is the tragic story of a woman desperate for revenge upon her husband, after he betrayed her for another woman’s bed. It was written by Euripides, a Greek playwright, in 431 B.C. Throughout the play each character shows us their inconsistent and contradicting personalities, in particular, Jason and Medea. The play opens with the Nurse expressing her anxiety about Jason betraying and leaving Medea for another, wealthier, woman. Our initial reaction is to feel empathetic towards Medea, who has been abandoned so conveniently. But towards the end of the play, when Medea takes revenge on
revenge on Jason by any means possible. Euripides voiced the fear of her cunning mind through Kreon when he said "I am afraid of you [...] Afraid that you may injure my daughter mortally. [...] You are a clever woman, versed in evil arts, and are angry at having lost your husband's love." (280-284, pg 622) The fact that a male character would say something of this caliber says something about the roles of women during this time. Even though they are still seen as second class citizens to the men, a smart woman is feared. Ultimately Medea's strength is tested and she becomes crazed with
In Medea, Euripides challenges the taboo of writing and speaking up for the women of ancient Greece which resulted in the unpopularity of Euripides’ work. He wrote about a female character who is socially mistreated and that performs barbaric actions that are usually seen from victims of unfair abuse. Medea is the female character who can be perceived to have gone mad due to extreme suffering later resulting in a surprising element of Greek tragedy that turned heads during this time period. Euripides creates a scene of revenge that shocks the audience to reveal the oppression of women in the ancient Greek patriarchal society. Instead of defining himself as a protofeminist, Euripides expresses his ideas by using a shocking scene in his tragedy
Ancient Greek mythology is somewhat different from the common modern way of thinking. Ancient Greek mythology will mostly base its acceptance of actions on the laws of the god’s, while modern society mostly bases its acceptance off of social affairs or the people around them. Even though twentieth century readers might have a different way of thinking than ancient Greek’s, the essence of describing a character in literature remains constant. Throughout the semester, many of the ancient literary works read portrayed characters in many different ways.
Ancient Greece society evolved around their sports. In fact, they created the Olympics. Played by mostly men and boys, the sports were to make sure they were in shape. For people in the army, sports would be played to not only keep you fit, but to also prepare you for war. They had to be able to march long distances, hold heavy weapons along with the heavy equipment, and then to fight.
In Medea, he flips tropes found in Greek tragedy on their head[s] by making the main female character, Medea, strong and independent while also creating a weak-willed male character, Jason, who is emasculated throughout the play, making him into the opposite of a classic Greek hero. Julia Armet adds to this idea when she asserts that "the reader can observe two characters that possess both masculine and feminine virtues, reflecting the notion that gender is not a rigid binary but a fluid concept generated through communication" (Armet 1). In addition to creating a characters that blur the lines between pre-established gender roles and traits, Euripides exposes the hypocrisy of Athens, a city that prided itself for being more free and liberal than neighboring city-states while also being dependent on the oppression of women and the use of slaves. Medea laments to the chorus, saying that "of all creatures that have breath and sensation, [women] are the most unfortunate" (Euripides 230). In Athens, men were free to divorce their wives at will, just like how Jason left Medea, which was the cause of the entire conflict in the play. Euripides was sympathetic to woman's situation and injustice, but he did not put the blame on the patriarchal society for Medea's murder of her own children. Blaming social institutions and injustices results in the loss of personal accountability, and Medea is held fully accountable for her actions by Euripides and as a result she is a morally grey
In addition to the interactions between Medea and the Greek Chorus, it is important to explore the scenes preceding the tirade. The nurse’s opening monologue offers great insight into Medea’s state of characterization prior to her newfound interactions. The nurse anaphorically describes Medea’s actions towards Jason. The Nurse begins, “She wouldn’t have made the daughters of Pelias kill him, she wouldn’t have had to flee to Corinth here, she wouldn’t have done all that she did for Jason, She wouldn’t have been so darned complaisant to Jason” (311). Euripides’ use of anaphora creates emphasis on everything Medea has done for Jason. The Nurse believes that upon meeting Jason, “she wouldn’t have” fallen in love with Jason. Medea’s motivation was a clear passion to woo Jason. Formerly, Medea completes Jason’s task of achieving the Golden Fleece, originally a man’s task. With her cunningness, she uses her witch supremacies to her advantage, acting on her desire for Jason. Furthermore, the Nurse foreshadows Medea’s shift in characterization from anguish to dexterity in her
The language in this piece is very evident that it’s from the classical period which was known as the golden age of literature. This period was known for art, philosophy, architecture, literature and monuments. Socrates was the main philosopher known in that time due to his teachings to his student Plato that consist of dialogues. In the work, whether Euripides was trying to show women that they did have a voice and go against Ancient Greek culture or not, his piece showed women that they control their own body, and actions. The work doesn’t mention Medea and Jason’s children but maybe a couple times, but the children represented what was once a loving relationship between Medea and Jason. That is why Medea took revenge on Jason by killing them to satisfy herself for what he had done to her. Medea’s character plays a strong feminine role that shows a women standing up for herself and making her own choices even though some of them may have been wrong. At first she is portrayed as a sad lady who just got her heart broken because her husband left. Then she becomes a strong lady who takes charge of the situation and fights back for what she believed would heal her broken heart. Jason’s character can be considered evil, because even though he showed weakness, he was the one who abandoned his wife to marry a princess, so he basically started the whole situation even though Medea took her revenge too far. All in all, even though Medea killed her own children it was a
Euripides’ Medea is a Greek that revolves around Medea and her struggle she has with her husband Jason. P.E Easterling writes an article discussing the huge emphasis on the children in the story and how it impacts the story. Within this article P.E Easterling discusses how Euripides gives a thorough background to make you take Medea seriously, he discusses how she comes to her conclusion to murder her children, and he discusses all the reasons why she would murder her children. All of this is used to establish Medea as a tragic hero. After reading Euripides’ ‘Medea’ and P.E Easterling’s article I have come to agree with the idea that Medea is a tragic hero that leads to her own destruction as well the destruction of her enemies.
Soon after the nurse’s grief-stricken rantings, Medea is introduced: “Aiai. / I have suffered in my wretchedness, suffered woes which call for great laments. O accursed children of a hateful mother, may you die with your father, may the whole house fall in ruin” (Euripides 4). From these first few lines, one could pose the unthinkable question, “Who could hurt their own children”? Most likely, the average man and woman care for and are anxious for the safety of their children. If Medea is considering harming her children, the reader could question the clarity of her conscience. The natural man’s instinct could trigger at this point and a question could be established. “How could a mother speak these dark words about her own offspring?” One could begin to rationalize the situation and establish a summary of Medea’s emotional outburst. Hopefully, a motherly instinct will overpower the rantings of flaunted anger and Medea will remember the love for her children. Medea herself says in this line