Rural Development: An Overview of The Role of Indian Government, Goals Achieved Till Date and Goals That Are Yet to Achieve.
Recently, rural advancement has expected worldwide consideration particularly among the developing countries. It has incredible essentialness for a nation like India where dominant part of the populace, around 65 per cent of the individuals, lives in rural or provincial areas. According to the Census of India 2001, out of 1,025 million population, about 77 per cent of the labour force lives in rural areas . Out of the total workforce about 58.5 per cent are engaged in agriculture alone. In such a situation, unless the rural economy is made vibrant in terms of employment, issues of poverty and human development would remain unaddressed. The present procedure of rural advancement in India primarily concentrates on poverty alleviation, better livelihood opportunities, provision of basic amenities, infrastructure facilities and foundation offices through creative projects of pay and independent work. Rural Development in India is a standout amongst the most imperative variables for the development of the Indian economy. India is fundamentally an agribusiness based nation. Agriculture contributes nearly one-fifth of the gross domestic product in India . In order to increase the growth of agriculture, the Government has planned several programs pertaining to Rural Development in India. So as to build the development of farming, infrastructural amenities,
Some of the problem faced by villagers in India is industrialization and urbanization. According to industrialization when the country will progress into modern period, more factories will be built to make increase in income and jobs as it has a positive impact on economy but it will greatly
South Asia is one of the most densely populated regions of the world, where despite a slow growth, agriculture remains the backbone of rural economy as it employs one half to over 90 percent of the labor force. Both extensive and intensive policy measures for agriculture
In rural and urban areas, corporatization, brain drain, and the impact of mega cities influences human behavior with poverty. Poverty is a social problem that is difficult to correct related to the overlap of other social problems like inequality, health, education, and social status. Also, the growth and decrease in human population is a factor to poverty. The value and norms from society in the rural and urban areas is self-sufficiency as a picture for work, family, community, and safety. However, the negative impact with poverty jeopardize society's resources in rural and urban areas by pressurizing the norms and value for future growth and development. Today, people move to the cities reducing the size of rural areas for a many of reasons. A shift in rural and urban population affects the ecosystem, biosystem, microsystem, and macrosystem.
What should the priorities be for the improvement of rural development policy (with respect to both content and implementation)?
Since many rural households derive income from some form of non-farm activity, increasing the profitability and range of such activities would improve their ways of living security and living conditions (Awoyemi, 2004). However, expansion of these opportunities related to the asset status and barriers to entry resulting from inadequate or differential access to markets (Ellis, 2000). It is obvious that rural economy is not based on agriculture but rather on a diverse means of activities and enterprises. Much recent thinking on this subject is based on the concept of livelihood diversification as a survival strategy of rural households in developing countries (Ellis, 1998). Farming remains important but rural people are looking for diverse opportunities to increase and stabilize their incomes.
A whole new economic activity has now emerged because of Keggfarms, which till now was a routine, redundant but a certain source of income even though meagre. The key results could be underlined as: significant contribution to household income, gender Empowerment, alternate livelihoods at several points, food security and environmental converter of rubbish into food. The Govt of India, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, set up a committee headed by a senior technocrat from NABARD to study the rural poultry scenario with a view to include this sector in the venture capital fund of the department in the Tenth Five Year Plan. The study revealed that Kuroiler farming in the traditional style was being extensively practiced in villages with substantial benefits to rural stakeholders. NABARD presented bankable and venture capital funding for Kuroiler farming projects in rural areas In 2009, a joint venture of FAO and NDDB (SAPPLPP) studied the impact of the Keggfarms model of Kuroiler farming in rural India. Results indicated that very substantial benefits were accruing to rural stakeholders. (Kapur & Singh)
Education and literacy level of rural market is comparatively less than urban market, hence requirement
In order to improve the small producers/farmers must be provided by appropriate resources like land, training for good farming etc. also it is the responsibility of the developing countries to minimize the distance and barriers between small and big producers to eradicate the asymmetry in society.
Differing from the urban sector, the rural sector has low wages that fluctuate according to the demand and supply conditions. In the rural sector, there is no unionization and the government policies are difficult to implement. Furthermore, the bulk of labor is family labor which is unskilled, so there is little incentive for the employers to pay higher wages.
tool to improve the rural economy as well as to improve their living standards. It is a boon to the rural
Abstract: Our country is known worldwide for Agriculture as its major Industry. As per results till 2011, India had a large and disparate agricultural sector, counting, on an average, for around 16% of GDP and 10% of the total export earnings. Land area of arable land in our country is 159.7 million hectares (394.6 million acres) which is listed as the second largest of world, first is The United States. India is among the top global producers of many crops that includes wheat, cotton, pulses, rice, ground-nuts, fruits and vegetables. According to same study in 2011, in the world, till then, India had the largest numbers of buffalo and cattle, and amazingly was the largest producer of dairy products and has fastest growing and largest poultry
Agroforestry farming system contributes to the improvement of economic and social conditions in rural areas, not only by increasing profitability, sustainability and crop security buy also by creating jobs.
There have been efforts on the part of the state and Centre government through Ministry of Rural improvement to skill and train youths under diverse government schemes. However, most of those schemes are restrained to the youths beneath Poverty Line (BPL). There should be equal opportunities for all the people residing in rural areas. Every job aspirant should be given equal importance and would be given training in soft skills to lead a proper and decent life. For the Balanced growth in all the sectors the Goal of national policy and programs on skill improvement have has to diversification of economic activities, minimizing the dependence of rural households on agriculture and bringing approximately a sizable increase in the share in both output and employment of allied activities, rural industries, business and provider components of the agricultural economic system.
<br>Since past 12 years I am working on various issues related to rural areas through People's Institute of Rural Development and Rachanatmac Sangharsha Samiti (Maharashtra). To generate employment for farm labour through "employment
India is a country of farmers where 60% of population is involved ins with agriculture. India It is the 2nd largest producer of fruits & and vegetables and 3rd largest of grains. but Indian farmers are not getting enough returns. There are many 3-4 middle meninter-midiateriesmediatories in betweenbetween farmers and ultimate consumers. Even as per an estimate so farmers get only 2010 -3020 % of the actual price we pay. Major part of their crop goes wastage due to not having better logistic facility,facility; their produce can’t reach to the Mandies. In many parts of the country due to not getting enough money through farm produce farmers have to commit suicides, they go on the way to crimes. Migratecrimes, migrate to metro cities and live measurably in slums. According to a