The Technological Advancement Of Surgery

According to UC Davis Heath System, Debra Johnson, a sixty-year-old woman diagnosed with endometrial cancer, had to undergo robotic-assisted surgery from a Surgical Doctor, Gary Leisoerowiz, from UC Davis Medical Center in 2006 (UC Davis Health System). Debra went though with the surgery and received positive results including a fast recovery, no severe scars, and cancer free (UC Davis Health System). However, in a different case involving robotic surgical device used on a patient thing went horribly wrong. According to the Daily News and the article, “Surgical robot da Vinci scrutinized by FDA after Death, Other Surgical Nightmares”, Juan Fernandez died during

There are many robots used in surgeries now. The prior robots are no longer used, but have been improved for better success rates. MRI machines were made in 1977, and took as long as five hours to use once. “MRI is valuable for providing detailed anatomical images and can reveal minuteur over time.” The bypass tool was made I changes that occn 1960. so they could perform the surgery. “Cardiopulmonary

Included in the discussion of their cultures we will also touch on the way some countries feel about these types of technology. It will be important for us to also talk about the environment. Then, finally, we must talk about both the moral and ethical aspects of using robots to perform surgery. By researching and reporting these things, it is our desire for everyone to not only have a better understanding of the technology, but to consider it as an alternate source, if needed in the future. It is technology like robotic assisted surgery that will help us have the long, healthy lives we all desire.

As technology improves, surgical robots are rapidly gaining support among both doctors and patients across America. Today more than 900 hospitals have the da Vinci robot which is double the number in 2007. (Freyer, 2010) Da Vinci robots were first approved by the FDA in 2000 for prostate removal, but now da Vinci robots are used for a variety of other surgical procedures (Freyer, 2010). Robot assisted surgery offers advantages such as smaller incisions, reduced blood loss, less pain and faster healing time (Vijay, 2010), as well as making surgery less demanding for the surgeon. Robotic surgery involves many obvious advantages but the impact of cost, access, and quality must

Robotic surgery is playing a crucial role in the advancement of current medical technology. The cost effectiveness of these procedures, coupled with the rates of procedure safety, procedure failure or complications, and patient recovery has the potential to drive the success or failure of robotic use.

The da Vinci Surgical System developed by Intuitive Surgical was actually developed to help perform surgical procedures in adverse environmental conditions or remote places or zones of conflict where the safety of a surgical team could be compromised. But, as the system was used in practical situations it became evident that it would be best to use it in minimally invasive surgical procedures. The da Vinci converts the movements of a surgeon into electronic signals which are then relayed to instruments which are then able to perform surgical steps without the effect of tremors if any in the surgeon’s movements. It is also incorporated with a camera which relays a stereoscopic picture to the monitor through which the surgeon can see the events in real time. This system was approved by FDA in 2001. The various surgical procedures that the da Vinci has performed include heart bypass operations, renal transplant procedure, gall bladder operations and laparoscopic surgeries. The Endowrist was also developed by the same company and it resulted in a design which was similar to a human hand and could perform all the movements in all ranges like the surgeon’s hand but it was more flexible, accurate and provided better manipulation of instruments as compared to a human

“One large national study, which compared outcomes among Medicare patients, indicated that surgery with a robot might lead to fewer

Robotic-assisted surgery is a robotic machine that is designed to help assist in surgical procedures. It is programmed to help aid the surgeon with the placement and movement of surgical instruments. A surgeon’s hand movements control the robot. Each of the surgeon’s fingers is placed inside of a circular part designed for their hands to fit into. There are

1. After looking at the type of work that Pew Charitable Trust Fund, I came up with a type of research that I would like to study. The Pew Foundations deals with medical issues such as drug safety and the safety of medical devices. Recently, the use of the Da-Vinci robotic surgery became a common option for surgery throughout many fields of medicine such as Oncology, Gastroenterology, Orthopedics, and Neurology. This robotic surgery is suppose to be a less invasive surgery method which operates through a few small incisions rather then invasively causing large scars. These different fields use the Da-Vinci as an alternative to operating surgeries. This advance of medicine brings up many questions about how efficient this option is, how much faster or slower it is, or if it is even safe. A topic I want to look at in regard to this robotic surgery is the issue if post-operation infection and pain is higher with the use of the Da-Vinci or with the use of regular invasive surgery.

Although robotic assisted surgery has grown worldwide, and particularly in the United States where more than 67% of all da Vinci robots are installed, but as with any disruptive technology it faces some skepticism and challenges.

The 21st century can rightfully be considered as the era of technology when the new inventions and discoveries will most likely affect all the segments of human life. At this point, some of the breakthrough inventions of our times have been in the medical field. Robotic surgery has become an almost common practice in the advanced medical world and new uses for robotic assisted surgery are everyday set in place. However, such developments also attract different interests and implications.

The Da Vinci Surgical System is a large purpose-built robot controlled by a surgeon that performs minimally invasive surgical procedures on patients. The system incorporates an ergonomically designed surgeon's console, a patient-side module with four interactive robotic arms, each with interchangeable surgical instruments and a 3-dimensional endoscopic vision system. Powered by high-tech supercomputers, the surgeon's hand movements are scaled, filtered and then converted into precise movements of the surgical attachments. The designers of the system are a team of doctors, engineers and biomedical engineers at a company called Intuitive Surgical.

Robotic surgery is increasingly being implemented to overcome drawbacks associated with the use of conventional techniques such as laparoscopy, especially in complex procedures. However, despite holding significant promise, robotic surgery is associated with some clear disadvantages and robust evidence base supporting robotic assistance remains lacking[1].

Technology is transforming the medical field with the design of robotic devices and multifaceted imaging. Even though these developments have made operations much less invasive, robotic systems have their own disadvantages that prevent them from replacing surgeons all together. Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is a broad notion encompassing a lot of common procedures that existed prior to the introduction of robots. It refers to general procedures that keep away from long cuts by entering the body through small, usually about 1cm, entry incisions, through which surgeons use long-handled instruments to operate on tissue inside the body. Such operations are directed by viewing equipment and, therefore, do not automatically need the use of a robot. Yet, it is not incorrect to say that computer-assisted and robotic surgeries are categories that fall under minimally invasive surgery (Robotic Surgery, n.d.).

The medical field has revolutionized the health and well being of society. Throughout the decades, the medical field has been through sweeping changes that leave society astonished. It seems like each year that passes by, there is a new technological advancement that modernizes the medical field. Not only do these advancements modernize medicine, but they in return aid doctors, nurses, and specialists by improving their effectiveness within the field. About ten years ago, the da Vinci Surgical System was introduced to hospitals and the medical field, in general because the FDA had finally approved the system within the United States (Dunkin). The da Vinci Surgical System, also known basically as robotic surgery, introduced the use of a