The Thought And Follow Of Change Management

1.1 Change management is described by Armstrong (1) as “the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically taking into account the likelihood of it being resisted”. Change, the fundamental constant in any successful organisation, can be adaptive, reconstructive, revolutionary or evolutionary and can happen for a number of diverse reasons:

Changes are everywhere (APM, 2006). Without changes, our society will not make any progress. Change management is an important part in project management and it is related with all industries. Projects bring about changes. Change management improves the efficiency of the organisation and help the project teams save time and money. In past studies, researchers have not considered how change management varies in different sectors. Some researchers tend to state that a framework can be used to manage change. However, different industries have their own characteristics and there is no one approach which is suitable for all projects. Therefore, it is important to think about the differences and come up with more effective ways to manage change

1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3. 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 4. 4.1 Change Management Introduction Reasons for Change Origins of Change Management Concepts of Change Management Lewin´s Change Theory Chin & Benne´s “Effecting Changes in Human System” Bullock and Batten’s Phases of Planned Change Beckhard and Harris change formula 7-S Model The Change Process Initiating a Top-Down Change Initiating a Bottom-Up Change Responsibility for managing change Change management process Dealing with

Change management is the process of continually renewing an organization’s mission, structure and capabilities to serve the needs of external and internal culture. At the operational and strategic level of continually successful organizations, the change manager should have no doubt about the organization’s ability to identify where to focus energy or how to manage the change required to reach its potential (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009). In regards to the importance of the organizational change, effectively determining its catalysts is a defining management skill. Organizations need to be sensitive to the need for change to thrive (Readers ' Forum, 1996). Present and future needs inside and outside an organization are consistently evolving. The organization management structure must have a clear and profound understanding of change catalysts and have the ability to respond to the catalysts on a priority basis (Greve & Taylor, 2000).

As Niccolo Machiavelli once stated "There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things" (Burtonshaw-Gunn 2008 p 21). Change is as influential as it is necessary. Adopting effective change can also be a difficult endeavor. That is why this research is examining particular change models as a way to better understand methods which can be transposed into real practice. Here, the work of Palmer & Dunford (2009) is examined, in particular the concepts of change images found in chapter two of the work Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspectives Approach. Change model images essentially prepare a foundation of structure and leadership for managers, which can be decided upon based on the specific environmental factors involved in the change itself. Managers can choose particular management styles based on the specificities of the situation and the desired results.

1.1 The analysis must include consideration of two current schools of thought on change management and how they have contributed to organizational change

The future research will examine a specific change topic in order to better understand the process of organizational change as a whole. Therefore, this research will explore the images of managing change concept as presented in Palmer & Dunford (2009). According to this source, the change concept is the "image or mental model of what they think is achievable," (Palmer & Dunford 2009 p 9). This essentially helps create a clear direction for the change that is to come. Therefore, the change concept is then a tool to conceive how to create and implement the change needed within the organization itself. There are several main images as outlined by Palmer & Dunford (2009). The two primary images this research will focus on is controlling and shaping the change at hand. These images help focus on how managers can determine when and why change is necessary, but also how this change will impact the overall health of the organization.

Change is a common thing that happens all around us on a daily basis sometimes even without us noticing. It can range from family level to international levels, likewise in time frame it can happen on a daily basis, a monthly, yearly or even a decade. In the words of Senior & Fleming (6) Change can be simply defined as process of moving from one state to another. It is this transition that creates distress to the people due to fear of the unknown. We can not stop change but rather we can only manage it. So then what is change management?

During the process, an organization is experiencing a change, how the organization finds, decides and forms its figures are the most important aspects for its future. The ability to change means a tacit process, prepositional concept that lies in the bottom line, because explicit skills are after all merely snapshots of what an organization currently has. Needless to say, this ability has relation to an organization's sustainability. The importance of change and change management in today's turbulent business environment has escalated.

People play an enormous part in the success or failure of any implementation. Health Care Organization (HCO) leaders must be skilled in change management processes in order to engage their employees (end users) to produce a positive outcome when implementations and changes occur, “when technology projects fail, it is primarily due to a lack of use and not a failure of the software … the focus of change management is people and the objective is

Fincham and Rhodes (2005, p525) define change management as ‘the leadership and direction of the process of organisational transformation – especially with regard to human aspects and overcoming resistance to change’.

Change management is designed to ensure the effective transition of an organization and its people from the current to future states, and is about effectively leading and managing individuals, teams and organization to successfully adopt the changes needed to achieve required or desired business results.

Leading and managing change require a solid theoretical foundation. This assignment will research the theoretical elements of change and change management. Addressed will be the following: Organic Evolution of Change, Formulating Strategic Development Approaches, Leadership and Management Skills and Gathering and Analyze Data. As societies continue to evolve and changing demand creates the need for new products and services, businesses often are forced to make changes to stay competitive. The businesses that continue to survive and even thrive are usually the ones that most readily adapt to change. A variety of factors can cause a business to reevaluate its methods of operation. According to literature from the past two

Change in an organization can be and usually is difficult for various reasons. Much of the difficulty is in the approach used to initiate change and the willingness to stay engaged and stamina to sustain change through to the end. Organizations can choose to lead by recognizing and implementing change, follow in the shadow of organizations leading the market, or get out of the way by standing still and eventually going under. With this said; if change was easily done and successful for every organization there would be no need for change management specialists and years

Change management is an important and critical part of leadership and has tremendous business value; with change, it’s important to consider the organization’s mission statement as well as how the change impacts goals and objectives. It is important to know what is driving the change as this is key to all those that are impacted by any change. With change, there is many elements needed and this starts with a change management model which includes planning, communication, and sustainability of the change. All of which, I have facilitated over the years in my role as a