Ultraviolet Light Affects Skin

After being shown a picture of an elephant they eye will take the light that is reflected from the object and it will enter the eye through the pupil. Then the light will be focused by the cornea and the lens to form a sharp image of the elephant in the retina. The retina is the network of neurons that cover the back of the eye and contains the visual receptors for a person vision. The visual receptors are made up of cones and rods that contain light sensitive chemicals called visual pigments. Visual pigments reacht to light and cause a triggered electrical signals to occur. These electrical signals will then flow through a network of neurons and this network of neurons is what makes up a persons retina. After the flow through the network of neurons occurs the electrical signals will emerge from the back of the eye in the area

When it comes to vision, we see things based on the light reflected from surfaces. The reflected light waves enter the eye through the cornea at the front of the eye, it's resized at the pupil, focused by the lens, and hits the retina at the back. The light is then detected by rods and cones, photoreceptors, which alters the light into electrical signals. The optic nerve transmits those vision signals to the lateral geniculate nucleus, where visual information is transmitted to the visual cortex of the brain then converts into the objects that we see.

UV radiation, such as that from the sun can be very harmful. It has been shown to cause many different mutations within cells, leading to issues for the organism such as death or disease. One of the most prevalent sources of UV radiation for humans is the sun. It’s very important for us to know the extent of cellular damage that can be caused by this radiation, as to know how harmful the sun’s rays are to us as humans. One way that the damage caused by the suns radiation can be tested is through the model organism yeast. For this lab, we exposed two different strains of yeast to UV radiation to test its affects. One strain was able to self-repair, while one was genetically altered so that it could not. Observations were recorded at

Tapeta can be classified according to their location in vertebrates and mechanism in invertebrates. Choroidal tapeta are the most common and are classified as tapetum fibrosum and tapetum cellulosum. The simplest type is the tapetum fibrosum, which is found principally in mammals, including herbivores (elephants, horses and goats), cetaceans (whales and dolphins), certain marsupials (Tasmanian Devil), and a rodent (Cuniculus pacas). The tapetum fibrosum consists of extracellular collagen fibrils that are stacked orderly with the majority of the its fibers running horizontally. The number of layered fibrils varies between species and can be up to several hundred thick. The most studied tapetum fibrosum among mammals is found in the cow and is located posteriorly and dorsally. The thickness is variable, increasing its thickness posteriorly. In species with a choroidal tapetum, the retinal epithelium in the area is the tapetum in un-pigmented, it allowing the light to pass subsequently reflected by the tapetum. This contrasts with the pigmented retinal epithelium

The most effected part of the eye is the optic nerve. The optic nerve's main purpose is to connect the retina and the brain, as to send what the human is seeing to the brain to process the visual information. The optic nerve contains more than one billion nerve fibers which each give off their own electrical impulses to send the visual information to the occipital lobes in the brain. The occipital lobe then processes the information which it receives.

In the center of the iris is the pupil. Iris function is to control the size of the pupil. This pupil dilation allows a certain amount of light to enter the eye. A bright environment stimulates limiting diaphragm to contract the sphincter muscle and reducing the amount of light entering the eye. A dark room stimulates the dilator to relax and dilate in the effort to increase the amount of light entering the eye. The pupil constriction also occurs when the lens changes focus so that the eye can see something on a fence. This is known as the, Äúnear reflection., AU Sometimes the student does not respond properly due to problems in nerve or cranial

The limbal ring is a single or multiple dark circles around the iris that separates the white part of the eye which is the sclera, from the colored part. Medical research results show that the limbal ring is thickest at birth and gradually becomes less prominent with age and poor health. The visibility of the ring is also more in eyes which have a clear cornea. Clarity of the cornea is determined by the amount of phospholipids present in one’s bloodstream.

Fluid circulating inside the front portion of the eye is produced by a structure called the ciliary body, which is located behind the iris. This fluid moves through the opening of the pupil, passes into the space between the iris and the cornea, and drains out of the eye through a tissue called the angle. With glaucoma, the passing of fluid

Endothelium is the last layer of the cornea, small, thin and flat layer of cells, the functional of endothelium is to remove the excess fluid which enters into the stroma, and this function is to keep the cornea clear. If the cells are damaged not able to recover the cells back. [4]

The eye is a very complicated part of the body. It is not as simple as they look they have complicated mechanisms inside. There is a part of the that is like a pathway for the aqueous humor to exit the eye. The aqueous humor is behind the lens and the ciliary muscles. when the ciliary muscle are relaxed it allow the aqueous humor flow pass the lens and ciliary muscles. After it go out the puple it can exit the eye in two ways the uveoscleral or the conventual through the trabecular (TM) or conventional pathway. The uveoscleral way is seeping through the ciliary muscles. The TM is an important function of the eye. It has the scams canal which is a outlet it has K+,Na+2cl- ions that let the aqueous humor go through. This

As mentioned earlier the retina is a membrane in the eye. One of the seven layers is called: Rods and cones, also photo-receptors, and are in charge of your vision. Rods are in

The eyelids are made up of four layers, the skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The process of vision occurs when light waves from an object, enter through the iris. Light then passes through the lens of the eye, a double convex structure that is used to focus the light, and then reaches the retina. Inside the retina are rods and cones. Rods are used to sense light and dark, and cones are used for sensing colors. Whether the light entering the eye hits the cones or rods, a signal is sent across the optic nerve to the brain where it is processed and viewed as an image. Some issues people have with eyesight are as follows. Those who are farsighted are unable to see things clearly at a short distance, compared to a long distance. This occurs when the light that enters the eye is focused behind the retina, and not directly onto it. When the cornea is not curved enough, this happens. Nearsightedness is when one can see objects clear at a short distance, but not at a longer distance, and this is often caused by a change in the cornea. A Blind spot is the location the optic disk, where the optic nerve fiber exits, and at this location there are no cones or rods, so there is a blind spot.

The eye is an opaque eyeball filled with liquid. In the front of the eyeball is a transparent opening known as the cornea. The cornea is a thin membrane

The cornea is clear and at the front of the eye. When light rays enter it, the cornea refracts it through the pupil and then the iris. The iris controls how much light may pass through the pupil by expanding or shrinking. Next, the light ray will enter the lens. This also refracts light by changing its shape with the help of the ciliary muscles and the suspensory ligaments. The light will go through a dense jelly-like tissue named the vitreous humour and eventually focused at the back of the eye onto the retina. The retina is a light sensitive tissue and covered with rods and cones. These receptors will capture the light ray and transform it into electrical impulses. They get sent off through the nerve fibres, then the optic nerve, and then finally the brain. The picture given by the retina is upside down so our brain will next turn it the right way up.