Urbanization And Development Of Urbanization

All in all the industrial revolution had a positive effect on society, accomplishing things many do not realize and creating a turn of events that would put the USA as the world power. New farming methods meant better diets, which lead to lower death rates. Efficient and useful inventions, as well as machinery, made it easier for people to work, and made more job opportunities, as well as enjoyment in the workplace. More and easier ways of travel became commonplace, such as railroads. In addition, as cities began to grow, streetlights provided safety at night, and our economy grew greatly. While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because it caused children to be used as workers and made school

Urbanization is a concept that is deeply rooted in the increase in a population within a region in response to the availability of unique opportunities. The opportunities may include the availability of employment chances in factories, investments opportunities in the urban areas, and the presence of sufficient housing and social infrastructure. It is apparent that urbanization began centuries ago in different regions of the world. However, the development of suburban areas has also been an interesting phenomenon over the centuries. Initially, people strived to live in the luxurious houses in major towns and cities. Nevertheless, there was a gradual shift in the desire to live in the cities when various negative impacts of overpopulation

Urban development is the social, cultural, economic and physical development of cities. The development of cities is the main topic of human geography. Urban development can be used in different ways by the researchers. It can cause the price of things to increase fast. Urban development occurs in major cities like New York City, Tokyo, Japan. Urban development started back in the earlier cities like Mesopotamia, Egypt. This spreads the culture that affect people which makes them want to go to the major cities. Over fifty percent of the earth’s population lives in urban areas. Studies show by 2045 that the number of people living in a urban area will increase.

Cities, being the nodes of opportunities and growth, are urbanizing the world at a faster pace than ever. The cities have to respond to this uneven change with immediate priority. The fundamental criteria that differentiates a city from a village is its population density. Urban density can play a key role in the improvement of socio-cultural as well as environmental aspects.

The Civil War, which took place between 1861 and 1865, was fought over the Southern states’ return to the United States after their secession and the issue of slavery in America. Following the Civil War, Americans tried to reconstruct their government and society. For example, African Americans gained the rights to freedom, citizenship and suffrage through the 13th, 14th, 15th amendments, otherwise known as the Reconstruction Amendments. The Industrial Revolution created better agricultural techniques, farming tools, and technology for use in factories, such as assembly lines. These updated agricultural techniques required less human work and took several jobs in rural areas, while the factory system continued to have a high demand for workers. Over time urbanization, or the redistribution of populations from rural to urban areas, occurred. Although the social benefits of city life is often seen as the main cause of urbanization in the U.S, the most crucial causes of urbanization between 1875 and 1925 include the influx of free unskilled workers, new technology and ideas, and the expansion of railroads.

It is very clear in this table that African in green has a high urban growth and Europe in red has low one; these representations support our results. In browsing several studies, the report is that Africa, Asia, Latin America feature the highest percentage of shanty towns, because most of the countries of these continents are in development and often characterized by inadequate policies of urbanization and overcrowding in the modern cities. First the shanty towns should appear on the plans of urbanism to permit a coherent management

Urban areas have been growing twice as fast as urban population (Karen C. Seto). Urbanization, however, varies significantly across countries. Some of the major trends witnessed in urban areas include; - spatial growth of urban areas faster than urban population, modification of both local and

Urbanization deals with the number of people in urban places and also refers to the process of people moving to cities or other heavily settled places. The term urbanization also describes changes in social organization that happens as a consequence of heavily populated areas. Urbanization is a process. It is what happens when rural areas are changed into urban areas. According to Louis Wirth, the components of urbanization include size, density, and heterogeneity and these are the independent variables that create a distinct way of life called “urbanism.” (Palen, 2012)

Contemporary cities face a dilemma in the modern world today; either they evolve in order to adapt to the challenges which globalization bring about, or simply refuse to change and stagnate. At present the global economy is at a fragile and unpredictable state, and for cities to continue to be competitive they are directing their attention towards their own historical, cultural, social, assets coupled with their own creative talents and spaces. The production, publication and campaign of such events as, festivals, exhibitions and championships are important factors of urban development and reconstruction of cities by way of economic prosperity, media coverage, image building and tourism. Nevertheless, cities need to weigh-in the factors of being an ‘eventful city’, which include, sustainability, security, the costs, interruptions and other social factors that comes with this strategic objective.

Over half of the world population is living in urban environments and projections for the next 30 years predict that the majority of population growth will be taking place in cities in the developing world. While more mega-cities, meaning cities larger than ten million, have been on the rise, still a majority of people who live in urban environments are living in smaller agglomerations. With an expectation of urban-growth and globalization to continue to increase in the future, it’s essential to understand the ways in which the development of labor and capital have an impact on urban life. There is substantial debate over what affects the growth of cities and who this occurs. There is substantial debate over how cities grow, and what primarily affects and determines their growth, especially in developing countries. I will aim to analyze the different arguments regarding the factors affecting the growth prospects of cities and regions in the developing world. I will first discuss the literature of economic geography. Next, I will evaluate the “global cities” literature. I will then compare the strengths and weakness of these two perspectives. Afterwards I will emphasize why both perspectives offering convincing arguments, though neither offers a complete explanation to understand factors affecting economic growth.

Urbanization, or urban drift is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of global change. Urbanization is also defined by the United Nations as movement of people from rural to urban areas with population growth equating to urban migration. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008

The phenomenon of rapid urbanization in less developed countries and in the absence of extensive industrialization, led to the emergence of illegal settlements and shanty towns, discuss the relationship between urbanization, poverty and development; and use a case study to illustrate the effects of rapid urbanization in LDC’s.

For several people, cities consider a universe of new opportunities, including employment (UNFPA, 2016). There is a powerful link between urbanization and economic growth (UNFPA, 2016). Throughout the world, towns and cities are responsible for above %80 of gross public goods (UNFPA, 2016). Over and over the excellent life has been pictured as a big private house and spacious green yard where children can play with the dog, and they have the advantage of large areas which the hard routine urban life cannot provide. However, the world turned to be a small village due to scientific and technological development which included all

Theoretically, urban population growth should be able to foster economic growth of a city. Although in most of the developing countries including Indonesia, rapid urban growth is acting as obstacle and interference for development. Rapid urban growth in Bandung has

Urbanisation is an integral part of the economic development. The global economic growth, poverty alleviation, environmental sustainability and quality of life are largely determined by the extent of urbanisation. In the past few decades urban areas in the world have experienced inadequate infrastructure, rising population and the social problems like poverty, growth of informal settlement and environmental problems accruing it. These problems in turn poses serious problems to sustainable development in the present and future. Moreover many cities in the world have become the hotspot of vulnerability due to climate change and variability and are susceptible to extreme and recurrent weather events. Most of the urban areas, in recent decades, have been facing extreme weather events and subsequent damages and loss of lives caused due these extreme events. Extreme event in its wake severely affect economic development and poverty alleviation and has the potential to drastically alter the development trajectory of the city and the areas surrounding it. In addition to physical, social and economic vulnerabilities in such cities is the low adaptive capacity with constraints on physical, financial and human resources. Therefore the assessment of vulnerability to extreme and recurrent weather events of the city is an imperative for the vulnerability and exposure determines the extent of adaptation and coping capacity of the communities in the periphory of the cities.