Visual And Functional Programing Principles

Object-oriented programming language is a high-level programming language based on the object. Data hiding, Inheritance, and polymorphism such basic features of this programming languages. this method is not used for computer programming Until the early 1990s. But, mostly use this language for modern computer programming.

A brief introduction of PMT, IPMT and PPMT Excel functions MS Excel – PMT Function(WS, VBA) • In Excel, the PMT function returns the payment amount for a loan based on an interest rate and a constant payment schedule. • The syntax for the PMT function is: • PMT( interest_rate, number_payments, PV, [FV], [Type] ) • • • • interest_rate is the interest rate for the loan. number_payments is the number of payments for the loan. PV is the present value or principal of the loan.

If we specify a more restrictive access level like protected, all public members of the base class are inherited as protected in the derived class. Whereas if we specify the most restricting of all access levels: private, all the base class members are inherited as private.

Any subclass or subtype will inherit attributes and methods from its superclass or super type.

The need for more powerful and user-friendly software grows exponentially every year. This means that there is a higher demand for better quality and more versatile software. Higher quality software that is versatile and consistent was very difficult to create for developers before object-oriented programming was created. The object-oriented programming method of utilizing objects and methods has revolutionized the way programmers create new applications. By allowing objects to be reusable and flexible, this allows more time to be spent on creating meaningful coding tasks with less time coding GUI’s (Gaddis & Irvine, 2014, p. xvii). Microsoft’s Visual Basic and Oracle’s Java are object-oriented programming languages that are very powerful applications which contain many similarities while having small differences in the syntax and the usage of elements that are common to both.

At first, Java was made for television but that technology didn’t keep up with the innovation. The java language was initially called Oak. Sun Microsystems is the first company to use Java by 1995 . Java’s goals are “familiar, simple, and object oriented”, “secure and robust”, “portable and architecture neutral”, “dynamic, threaded, and interpreted”, and “high performance”. A computer consists both software and hardware. Hardware includes the physical, visible elements of the computer. Software provides the hiding instructions that control the hardware and make it process specific tasks. Having knowledge of computer hardware is not essential to learning a programming, although it can help you understand the effects which programming instructions have on the computer and its components. Bytecode is used for many modern programming languages. The most important advantage of bytecode is the portability. Instead of machine code, the bytecode is run by the Java Virtual Machine. Java Runtime Environment and Java Development Kit are important. You can think of car, a chair, or speaking of computers, a screen when you hear the word “object” in your everyday life. Objects in programming languages usually perform one complex function and have a state and a behavior. The main method is defined as public static void return type. There are two data types in the Java language: primitive and reference. The primitive types are able to contain one simple value whereas reference data types

Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects rather than algorithms, this may contain data in the form of fields. it aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and

OOP, an abbreviation for object-oriented programming is simply code that “attempts to place a new layer of abstraction between the programmer and the data he is working with … this layer will help the programmer develop better code more quickly than he could do before.” (McHale). OOP languages must include four

The functional nature of the software is determined by the order of tasks prepared by the teacher and how the learners interact with the software (Godwin & Beswetherick, 2003). Hence, working on the tasks set using the software, the learners are able to manipulate and explore mathematical relationships independently.

Java 8 is one of the most notable changes to the Java programming language in Java history. Although profound, the changes enable developers to write programs more concisely, diminishing the complexity of verbose code. Our research uses Java 8 and its new functional features such as Functional Interfaces and Lambda Expressions to enable this Object Oriented Programming language to perform as a functional language.

Programing paradigm is a style of programing. Some programing languages may make it easier to write in paradigms, but others won’t. some common paradigms are: Procedural, Object Orientated and Event Driven Programing.

Inheritance: is the mechanism by which an object acquires the some/all properties of another object. It supports the concept of hierarchical classification.

Java is a object-oriented programming language .It is originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995.The programs in java are platform independent that means the programs can be run on any operating system with any type of processor as long as the java interpreter is available on the system.

I chose this topic because these languages are a relationship between programmers and computer without those languages can 't use the computer. Moreover, considered one of the models that I will study in September at Swansea University. This is why I find this topic so interesting as it given a lot of detailed information about two programming c++ and java in uses and its founders to explain how they became so successful and why their programs are so brilliant. I admire the genius of these successful two programs. Also, as a Mathematics and Computing for Finance student I feel that I could learn so much from them. So, I shall keep a very close eye on their research and their result.

C++ was produced by Bjarnestroustrupstartingin 1979 at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey, as an improvement to C dialect and initially named C with classes however later it was renamed C++ in 1983. C++is a transitional dialect , as it contains an affirmation of both abnormal state and low level dialects characteristics. C++ is a statically written, free structure, multiparadigm, incorporated universally useful dialect. C++ is an Object Oriented Programming dialect yet is not absolutely protest arranged. Its peculiarities like Friend and Virtual,violate some of extremely paramount OOPS gimmicks, rendering this dialect unworthy of being called totally Object Oriented. It is a center level dialect. C++ is a standout amongst the most prevalent programming dialects and is actualized on a wide mixture of fittings and working framework stages. As an effective execution driven programming dialect it is utilized within frameworks programming, application programming, gadget drivers, inserted software,high-execution server and customer applications, and diversion programming, for example, feature amusements. Different entites give both open source and exclusive C++compiler programming, including the Microsoft and level