Answered: . Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr,…

. Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though ithas a mutant anticodon that cannot recognize a tyrosinecodon, charged with tyrosine by Tyr tRNA synthetase?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter30: Protein Synthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3P: The Second Genetic Code Review the evidence establishing that aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases bridge the...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: If the following truncated peptide represents the active domain of the COVID19’s S-protein…

A: Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence of an organism. Small changes, such as adding or…

Q: Yet another class of suppressor mutations not described in the chapter are mutations in tRNA…

A: Frameshift mutations result from the "insertion or deletion" of nucleotides within the coding…

Q: DNA in human mitochondria encodes 22 different tRNA molecules. However, 32 different tRNA molecules…

A: Mitochondrial gene expression maintain cellular homoeostasis. Mitochondrial gene expression is…

Q: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the only component of gene expression that decodes the genetic code.…

A: The protein synthesis involves the synthesis of the polypeptide chain which is catalyzed by several…

Q: Give 3 different tRNA anticodon sequences that could be mutated by a single base substitution into…

A: In transcription, mRNA takes the message from DNA to the cytoplasm for translation into proteins…

Q: The gene for triose phosphate isomerase in maize (a corn plant) spans over 3400 base pairs of DNA…

A: The post-transcriptional modifications are observed during the processing of other transcripts which…

Q: expression. List two types of mutations that can explain this phenotype. Justify each of the…

A: Mutation means altering the nucleotide sequence of the genome in a living organism or virus or DNA.…

Q: Explain why knowing the orientation of a promoter is critical when determining the amino acid…

A: Promoters are nucleotide sequences of deoxyribonucleic acid that potentially modify binding of RNA…

Q: In response to potentially toxic substances (e.g., high levels of iron), eukaryotic cells often use…

A: Post-transcriptional modifications of pre-mRNA molecules like capping, splicing, and…

Q: Some prion-related diseases, such as familial fatal insomnia, areinherited. How would you expect the…

A: Familial fatal insomnia is a medical condition characterized by insomnia or trouble sleeping. This…

Q: mRNA expression level is not always a good indicator for protein expression why and what is?

A: Regulation of gene expression:It refers to the regulation of the quantity and time of emergence of…

Q: Explain post-translational modification of proteins in general with the types of reactions. Provide…

A: Ans:--PMT's are enzymatic , covalent chemical modification of protiens that typically occur ofter…

Q: The CTD of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II can be phosphorylated at multiple serine…

A: RNA (ribonucleic acid) polymerase II is the holoenzyme found in eukaryotes which promotes the gene…

Q: Both attenuation of the trp operon in E. coli and riboswitches in B. subtilis rely on changes in the…

A: The trp operon, is a group of genes found in E. coli bacteria, encoding biosynthetic enzymes for…

Q: A shortened version (apo B-48) of apolipoprotein B is formed by the intestine, whereas the…

A: Chylomicrons are a type of lipoprotein particles made up of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins,…

Q: Post-transcriptional modifications in eukaryotic RNAS A. addition of CCA at the 5'end of the TRNA…

A: Post transcriptional modification is a process in eukaryotic cells by which newly synthesis RNA…

Q: Mutation of which of these sequences would have an effect on translational initiation? A. 3’ UTR…

A: Introduction Prokaryotic transcription is the process by which prokaryotic genetic material is…

Q: Transcriptional termination generally will include the transcription of an inverted repeat in that…

A: Transcription is the process by which the information in DNA is transcribed onto the mRNA molecule…

Q: Resistance Gene." a) Using the diagram provided, describe where the forward and reverse primers…

A: # Here I have solved first part of the first question . Please send questions one by one in the…

Q: In an amino acyl-tRNA, the amino acid is attached to the tRNA through a(n) acid and the CCA sequence…

A: The translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized from mRNA through a sequence of…

Q: During periods of starvation, translation of only vital mRNAs must occur inside a cell. Explain how…

A: The pre-mRNA is composed of two regions, one is the intron, and the other is the exon. The…

Q: Post-transcriptional modifications in eukaryotic RNAS A. addition of CCA at the 5'end of the RNA for…

A: Post transcriptional modification It is a biological process in eukaryotic cell where primary…

Q: When the amino acid levels in eukaryotic cells are low, general protein synthesis is reduced.Gcn4…

A: Translation is a process in which a single stranded RNA sequence formed at the end of transcription…

Q: Imagine that you repeat the tRNA Selection experiment with modifications as follows: 1. Synthesize…

A: tRNA It is a leaf like structure can has anticodon sequence at one end and attached amino acid on…

Q: Which of the following is not true? There are two major classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases…

A: Central dogma includes three main processes Replication, Transcription, and Translation.…

Q: Although Ribosome binding site sequence vary considerably in different genes, they include examples…

A: Ribosome binding site (RBS) includes a sequence of nucleotide, which are present upstream the…

Q: c. On the mature mRNA transcript in eukaryotes, start codon is not found at the beginning of the 5'…

A: Mature mRNA transcripts in eukaryotes are those eukaryotic RNA transcripts that have been spliced…

Q: List and briefly explain. C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II function to ensure that the varoius…

A: RNA polymerase II is a multuprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA…

Q: One of the amino acid sequences in the lysozyme protein from the bacterial virus T4 studies by…

A: Introduction Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The building blocks of life are amino…

Q: Suppose the tRNA synthetase responsible for attaching tryptophan to tRNA is muted in a bacterial…

A: In order to maintain correct transcription and translation, bacterial operons use attenuation as a…

Q: Explain how the pausing of the ribosome in the presence or absence of tryptophan affects the…

A: Tryptophan operon is an essential operon in bacteria such as Escherichia coli to synthesize the…

Q: During ______, the amino acid connected to the tRNAat the P site forms a peptide bond with the amino…

A: During translation, polypeptide chain is produced in ribosome by adding amino acids one by one.

Q: Explain why RNAi would be a less effi cient mechanism for regulating the expression of specifi c…

A: RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibits gene expressions or…

Q: Ribosomes markedly accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the complex of EF-Tu and aminoacyltRNA.…

A: GTPases are the large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the GTP and hydrolyze it to GDP. The…

Q: Examination of the histone modifications of a gene reveals an abundance of histone H3 with lysine 27…

A: This gene is likely activated since the mono-methylation of the lysine residue at position 27 in…

Q: Renata enzymatically conjugates a l"C-labeled cysteine to a transfer RNA (TRNA), with a UGU…

A: Transcription involves the copying of information from a strand of DNA into a new molecule of…

Q: The concentration of free glutamine affects transcription of the enzyme glutamine synthetase in E.…

A: "ANSWER One protein acts as a sensor in -component regulatory systems, at the same time as the…

Q: While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be located anywhere within an mRNA, they are most often…

A: Micro-RNAs are defined as a class or group of non-coding RNAs that will play an essential role in…

Q: Post-transcriptional modifications in eukaryotic RNAS A. addition of CCA at the 5'end of the TRNA…

A: Answer :- Option (D) is correct. - Addition of CCA at the 5'end of the tRNA for binding with amino…

Q: Examine the tRNA in Figure 15.14. What do you think would be the potential effect of a mutation in…

A: the transfer RNA is a single-stranded RNA molecule involved in translation. this molecule bears 3…

Q: the difference in primary structure between related tropomyosin informs arises from a) alternative…

A: The primary structure of proteins means amino acid sequence which is synthesized during the protein…

Q: Heparin is a polyanionic polysaccharide that blocks elongation by RNA polymerase. But heparin…

A: Heparin is an anticoagulant which is commonly used to prevent blood clotting. This is composed of…

Q: Release Factors (RFs) that operate in translational termination are specialized TRNA molecules ,…

A: Release factors are the protein molecules that help in the termination of the translation process.…

Q: Codon in DNA Codon in mRNA Amino acid template strand APP gene in individuals without САА GUU Valine…

Q: The enzyme dihydrofolate oxidase has 3 adjacent asparagines residues (codon for asparagines is ACC):…

A: Site directed mutagenesis can be defined as the method to perform certain changes in the double…

Q: Many promoter regions contain CAAT boxes containing consensus sequences CAAT or CCAAT approximately…

A: There are many different non-coding sequences in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that help in…

Q: membrane-associated protein kinase has the sequence -GMCLVS at its C-terminus, which has been shown…

A: Mutagenesis is the process by which the change in the DNA of an organism results in the mutation of…

Question

. Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though it
has a mutant anticodon that cannot recognize a tyrosine
codon, charged with tyrosine by Tyr tRNA synthetase?

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Introduction

VIEW

Explanation

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Explain whether the specificity of lysine incorporation by lysyl-tRNA synthetase depends on tRNA or lysine, how does it work ?
a) Identify the current stage of the translation process shown in Figure 1 and name the anticodon sequence in tRNAb) State TWO immediate, main consequences when a stop codon reaches the E site.
Although aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases make few errors, occasionally an error does occur. How can these errors be detected and corrected?
At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is knownthat can suppress more than one type of nonsensecodon.a. What is the anticodon of such a suppressing tRNA?b. What stop codons would it suppress?c. Could this tRNA possibly also function as a missense suppressor?d. What are the amino acids most likely to be carriedby this suppressing tRNA?
What are histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi)? Give example(s)
What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase? The ability of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to recognize tRNAs has sometimes been called the “second genetic code.” Why has the function of this type of enzyme been described this way?
In this chapter you were introduced to nonsense suppressor mutations in tRNA genes. However, suppressormutations also occur in protein-coding genes. Using thetertiary structure of the β subunit of hemoglobin shownin Figure 9-3(c), explain in structural terms how a mutation could cause the loss of globin protein function. Nowexplain how a mutation at a second site in the same protein could suppress this mutation and lead to a normalor near-normal protein.
Yet another class of suppressor mutations not described in the chapter are mutations in tRNA genesthat can suppress frameshift mutations. What wouldhave to be true about a tRNA that could suppress aframeshift mutation involving the insertion of a singlebase pair?
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the only component of gene expression that decodes the genetic code. Explain.
Gal 4 is involved in the regulation of galactose metabolism. Describe how transcription would be affected in the presence of a mutation that resulted in an inability of Gal80 to enter the nucleus?
EF-Tu binds all aminoacyl–tRNAs with approximately equal affinity so that it can deliver them to the ribosome with the same effi ciency. Based on the experimentally determined binding constants for EF-Tu and correctly charged and mischarged aminoacyl–tRNAs (see table), explain how the tRNA–EF-Tu recognition system could prevent the incorporation of the wrong amino acid during translation.
If the following truncated peptide represents the active domain of the COVID19’s S-protein N-terminal ----Leu-Leu-Gly-Cys-Ile-Glu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Ala ------ C-terminal a) state the RNA sequence of this peptide given that Leu is the first amino acid b) show a point mutation using the RNA sequence & explain how it results in silent mutation effect c) show a deletion mutation using the RNA sequence & explain the consequence(s)