(1) For demand function Q, = a-bP and supply function Q, = dP-c, using Cramer's rule %3D determine equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity.
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- Elizabeth Airlines (EA) flies only one route: Chicago-Honolulu. The demand by business people for each flight is QA = 260 – 0.4P while the demand for students for each flight is QB = 240 - 0.6P. EA’s cost of running each flight is $30,000 plus $100 per passenger. The airline is able to perfectly distinguish students from business people. Which of the following statements is true? Note the demand equations must be rewritten as inverse demand equations to solve this problem. A. The profict maxmizing quantity sold to students is 110 and the profit maximizing price charged to students is $375. B. The profict maxmizing quantity sold to students is 90 and the profit maximizing price charged to students is $375. C. The profict maxmizing quantity sold to students is 110 and the profit maximizing price charged to students is $250. D. The profict maxmizing quantity sold to students is 90 and the profit maximizing price charged to students is $250.Suppose the demand function for cigarettes is given by Qd=80-20p and the supply is by Qs=10p-10. Suppose the government introduce a specific tax of t=1 to be levied from the produces. 1. Obtain the new supply Curve 2. Determine the new equilibrium quantity and price 3.compute the government revenue 4. Compute the incidence (burden) on the consumer 5. Compute the incidence (burden)on producers 6. Compute the dead weigh loss 7. Draw a diagram with all your analysisConsider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100-e1 MAC2 = 100-4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. [1] In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit? Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions: Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions: Total unregulated level of emissions: Suppose a regulator has a goal of reducing the total level of emissions from the amount from the amount you answered in [1] to 25 units. The regulator would like to achieve the goal of 25 units of total emissions in a cost-effective way. To do so it issues 25 permits, 10 are given to Firm 1 and 15 are given to Firm 2. A firm can only emit a unit of pollution if they have a permit for that unit, otherwise they must abate. After the permits are allocated, firms are allowed to buy or sell…
- Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. [1] In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit? Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Total unregulated level of emissions ______________Suppose that a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is MAC = 16 - 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, then its marginal abatement cost function will become MAC = 8 - E. If the government raises the emissions tax from $2 to $3, then the benefits of adopting the new technologies increase by $____. (Hint: recall that the benefits from adopting new technologies are simply the difference in total compliance costs.) Please round your final answer to two decimal places if necessary. Answer is NOT 2. All information is providedSuppose that a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is MAC = 16 - 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, then its marginal abatement cost function will become MAC = 8 - E. If the government raises the emissions tax from $2 to $3, then the benefits of adopting the new technologies increase by $____. (Hint: recall that the benefits from adopting new technologies are simply the difference in total compliance costs.) Please round your final answer to two decimal places if necessary. Answer is not 2
- A market has a demand function given by the equation Qd = 180-2p, and a supply function given by the equation Qs =-15+p. The market is government-regulated with a price support per unit and production quotas.(NOTE: a production quota is a restriction on the quantity of the good that can be produced. Firms are not allowed to produce more than the quota) a). if the price is st at $72 per unit, what production quota is needed to make sure there are no shortages or surpluses? considering the price support and the quota, calculate i) the consumer surplus ii). the producer surplus iii). the deadweight lossA market has a demand function given by the equation Qd = 180-2p, and a supply function given by the equation Qs =-15+p. The market is government-regulated with a price support per unit and production quotas.(NOTE: a production quota is a restriction on the quantity of the good that can be produced. Firms are not allowed to produce more than the quota) a). if the price is set at $72 per unit, what production quota is needed to make sure there are no shortages or surpluses? Due to good weather, there is an increase in the demand for the good. the new demand equation is qd=190-2p. The government is trying to decide between two options: * Maintain the number of quotas and let the market adjust, or * Maintain the price support and increase the number of quotas (i). Which of the two options would be preferred by the producers? (ii) Which of the two options would be preferred by society on a whole?Suppose the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Services (NMFS) is considering to implement one of the two policies on fishers in the Gulf of Mexico with an objective to reduce sea turtle bycatch. Policy A: regulation - an allowable bycatch standard (number of turtles) for each fisher. If the fisher violates the bycatch standard (catching more turtles than the standard allows) at the end of the fishing season, he has to pay a lump sum fine. Policy B: a bycatch tax on each bycatch (each turtle caught). Let us assume NMFS has a perfect monitoring system to see how many turtles are being caught. If policy A implemented, each fisher can either meet the standard by adjusting his fishing behavior. Or, he can pay the fine and harvest as much he wants to maximize his profits without worrying about sea turtle bycatch. If the fisher meets the standard, his profit is $3500 and NMFS benefit is 500units (think of it as benefit to society from reduced sea turtle bycatch). If the firm chooses to pay the…
- A market has a demand function given by the equation Qd = 180-2p, and a supply function given by the equation Qs =-15+p. The market is government-regulated with a price support per unit and production quotas.(NOTE: a production quota is a restriction on the quantity of the good that can be produced. Firms are not allowed to produce more than the quota) Suppose now that the government decides to increase the number of quotas available to 72 units, but it keeps the price support at the current level of $72. d). calculate i). the consumer surplus ii). the producer surplus iii). deadweight lossA more precise description of the demand conditions show that it also depends on a number of other factors, including the CO2 quota price, the interest rate and the price of electricity in the Nordic wholesale market, Nordpool. An overall demand function can thus be described as: Q = 33.33 - 0.000004167 * P + 0.04167 * PCO2 - 0.4167 * r - 0.00833 * Pel, where Q is the quantity sold, P is the price, PCO2 is the price of the EU's CO2 quotas, measured in euros per tonnes, cf. Chart 1, r is the banks' average lending rate measured in per cent. pa., and Pel is the Nordpool wholesale price of electricity excl. network and system tariffs as well as charges, measured as Danish kroner per MWh (mega-watt-time). P can here be set to DKK 4,000,000, PCO2 can be set to 62, r to 2.37 and Pel can be set to 250. Define the concept of price elasticity more generally and calculate the price elasticity as well as the cross-price elasticities with regard to the CO2 price, the interest rate…Can you help with parts c,d, and e please? The estimated daily demand for river corssings on a proposed new bridge is: Qd = 100,000 - 20,000P where Qd is the quantity demanded measured in number of daily crossings and P is the price(toll) per crossing in dollars. Engineers estimate that constructing the new bridge will result in a fixed cost of $1.2 billion or $120,000 per day over the life of the bridge. Once constructed, there are no marginal costs and variable costs associated with the bridge's use. Based upon the above information, answer the following questions: a. If a private company were to build the bridge, what would be the profit-maximizing number of daily crossings? b. What price per crossing(toll) would the profit-maximizing company establish? c. What would be the socially optimal number of daily crossings? d. What deadweight loss would exist given your answers to part (a) and (b)? e. Would a profit-maximizing company build the bridge?