1) Given the two human population age structures shown on the right, which population is most likely at or near equilibrium? population A population B both populations cannot determine a. b. C. d.
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- TFR and Birth Rates:a. Define the crude birth-rate and the total fertility rateSuppose country A and B have are identical in their population size andstructure, and rate of mortality, but A has a higher average TFR than B.b. What could be some of the reasons why A has a higher fertility ratethan B?c. What will be true about the size and age structure of the population in Arelative to B in 25 years? Will the proportion of young people to oldpeople be higher or lower in A?d. Now suppose the governments of both A and B impose a one-child policy(the TFR was greater than 1 in both A and B). Suppose the policy is fullyenforced (i.e. all families indeed have one kid). Is the fertility rate thesame in A and B? Is the birth rate same in A and B?e. Is the population growth rate higher or lower in A?f. As more time passes, the population growth will eventually slow down inboth countries. What will happen to the proportion of old in the populationas population growth slows down?What are the three stages of the demographic transition? For each stagedescribe:a. Is population size increasing or decreasing?b. Is the population growth rate increasing or decreasing?Consider an overlapping generations model. Suppose population grows at a 2% rate, and wage grows at a 6% rate. Generation 2 has 500 people, who have an average salary of $30,000, and everyone pays 8% of their income to generation 1. What is the total amount generation 2 pays to generation 1? If generation 3 pays generation 2 the same dollar amount gen-eration 2 paid generation 1, what percentage of their income dothey pay?
- What stage is Turkey in the demographic transition model? (Draw and explain by using 5 stages of demographic transition.)The world was growing at a constant growth of 0.00007% rate between 100,000 BC and 1750AD. If birth rates per thousand averaged 35 during this period , what was the average death rate in equilibrium. (approximately) A. 31 B. 40 C. 35 D. 30Does social capital improve economic development? Using the available evidence to supportyour response. Discuss the question.
- how does college education increase ones human capitatailWhichof the following is/are mismatched?a.rmax = intrinsic rate of increaseb.K = carrying capacityc.Nt = annual growth rated.t = time intervale.dN/dt = rate of population changeConsider Romer Model 2. Suppose there are two countries, rich and poorone. Both countries have the same population size, L and the same knowledgegeneration productivity parameter, z. At the beginning, time 0, the rich countryhas more knowledge stock than the poor one, Ar0 > Ap0, where subscript labelstime and superscript labels country being rich or poor. However, the fractionof researchers in poor country is larger than the one in rich country, ̄lp > ̄lr .Question 4 Part aIn which country, would you prefer to live in the short-run? How about in thelong-run?How long would it take for the poor country to reach rich one’s per capitaoutput level? Show your results analytically and graphically as well. (If you pre-fer solving this question numerically by assigning values to the above parametersand variables, feel free to do so
- Explain the following terms: i. Fertility ii. Dependency ratio iii. The demographic Transition 4. i. Describe & explain the Malthusian Population Trap ii. What is the main criticism of this population theory?Show how to arrive to Equation (8.16) of the textbook, and then find the optimal amount to spend on education E and the number of children m. Provide a brief interpretation about how these equation help understand the demographic transition.What is Principle of Population?
