1. A researcher hopes to demonstrate that her Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is more effective than Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in reducing Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores. She predicts that the IPT group will have lower scores than the CBT. She randomly assigns 25 depressed patients to each treatment and her results are summarized below. Use alpha = .05 for the following questions. СВТ IPT X = 26 S1 = 4 X = 21 S2 = 3 ni= 25 n2 = 25
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- Do well-rounded people get fewer colds? A study on the Chronicle of Higher Education was conducted by scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia. They found that people who have only a few social outlets get more colds than those who are involved in a variety of social activities. Suppose that of the 276 healthy men and women tested, n1=96 had only a few social outlets and n2=105 were busy with six or more activities. When these people were exposed to a cold virus, the following results were observed: Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference in the two population proportions.31% of all pygmy softshell tortoises have stripes on their shells. A herpetologist in Cititon collects a sample of 28 pygmy softshell tortoises and finds that 8 of them have stripes on their shells. Is there enough evidence to conclude, at a significance of alpha = 0.05, that the proportion of pygmy softshell tortoises in Cititon with stripes on their shells is less than 31%? What is the claim? What is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? What is the test statistic? What is/are the critical value(s)? Do we reject the null hypothesis? What conclusion do we draw? What is the P-value for the problem above?Aronson and Mills (1959) conducted an experiment to see whether people's liking for a group is influenced by the severity of initiation. They reasoned that when people willingly undergo a severe initiation to become members of a group, they are motivated to think that the group membership must be worthwhile. Otherwise, they would experience cognitive dissonance: Why put up with severe initiation for the sake of a group membership that is worthless? In their experiment, participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: Group 1 (control) had no initiation. Group 2 (mild) had a mildly embarrassing initiation (reading words related to sex out loud). Group 3 (severe) had a severely embarrassing initiation (reading sexually explicit words and obscene words out loud). After the initiation, each person listened to a standard tape-recorded discussion among the group that they would now supposedly be invited to join; this was made up made to be as dull and banal as possible.…
- 31% of all pygmy softshell toises have stripes on their shells. A herpetologist in Cititon collects a sample of 28 pygmy softshell tortoises and finds that 8 of them have stripes on their shells. Is there enough evidence to conclude, at a significance of alpha=0.05, that the proportion of pygmy softshell tortoises in Cititon with stripes on their shells is less than 31%? What is the claim? What is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? What is the test statistic? What is/are the critical value(s)? Do we reject the null hypothesis? What conclusion do we draw? What is the P-value for the problem above?In a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how he was perceived by women. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single, ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” was included. To examine this effect further, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16 college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description. The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor.…In a survey of families in which both parents work, one of the questions asked was, “Have you refused a job, promotion, or transfer because it would mean less time with your family?” A total of 200 men and 200 women were asked this question. “Yes” was the response given by 29% of the men and 24% of the women. Based on this survey, can we conclude that there is a difference in the proportion of men and women responding “yes” at the 0.05 level of significance?
- A college president wanted to know how 10-year-after-graduation salaries for aca- demic majors (English, psychology, math, etc.) compared to salaries for career-oriented majors (business, engineering, computer science, etc.). She matched 84 academic majors at her college with 84 career-oriented majors on the basis of SAT scores and GPA. She found MAcademic = $59,250, MCareer =$61,000, sD = 9,500. Use an alpha of .05 and a two-tailed test to determine if there is a difference in salaries.A pharmaceutical company wants to test whether Aspirin 1 is as effective as Aspirin 2. A random sample of 400 people with headaches are given Aspirin 1 and 260 report they feel better within 1 hour. Another independent random sample of 350 people with headaches are given Aspirin 2 and 220 report they feel better within 1 hour.a) At the 1% level of significance, does there appear to be a difference in theeffectiveness of the 2 types of Aspirin?b) What is the p-value?A psychologist is interested in people’s assessment of life happiness and how it relates to positive lifestyle changes. The researcher randomly assigns 42 individuals to one of two groups: Exercise Only, and Exercise and Healthy Eating. The researcher believes that Group 1 (n = 21; Exercise and Healthy Eating) will be significantly happier than Group 2 (n = 21; Exercise Only). Perform the correct test of significance, with alpha = .05. Be sure to write out your hypotheses and final decision.
- An online clothing retailer is testing a new e-mail campaign by sending one version of the e-mail with the word “free” in the subject line (version A) to a group of 1,500 customers and another version of the e-mail with word “discount” in the subject line (version B) to a different group of 1500 customers. After tracking the responses to the two versions of the e-mail advertising, the retailer finds that 75 responded to version A and 105 responded to version B. At 0.05 significance level, can it be concluded that the response rate for version B is higher than the response rate to version A What is your decision? Enter “R” if your decision is to reject the null hypotheses. Enter “F” if the decision is fail to/do not reject the null hypotheses. Your answer (R/F) is: Which of the followings is the most appropriate conclusion for the hypotheses test? Enter the number corresponding to the most appropriate conclusion in the answer box. For example, if statement number 2 is the most…An online clothing retailer is testing a new e-mail campaign by sending one version of the e-mail with the word “free” in the subject line (version A) to a group of 1,500 customers and another version of the e-mail with word “discount” in the subject line (version B) to a different group of 1500 customers. After tracking the responses to the two versions of the e-mail advertising, the retailer finds that 75 responded to version A and 105 responded to version B. At 0.05 significance level, can it be concluded that the response rate for version B is higher than the response rate to version A Determine which of the following formulations of the hypotheses is appropriate and enter the corresponding number in the answer text box. Index “a” refers to the population of the customers who respond to version A and index “b” refers to the population of customers who are responsive to version B. Identify and enter the number corresponding to the most appropriate formulation for the…2. A psychologist at a private mental hospital was asked to determine whether there was a clear difference in the length of stay for patients with different categories of diagnosis. Looking at the last four patients in each of the three major categories, the results (in terms of weeks of stay) were as follows: Diagnosis Category Affective Disorders Cognitive Disorders Drug-Related Conditions 7 12 8 6 8 10 5 9 12 6 11 10 Using alpha = 0.05, is there a…