1. Consider the following demand and supply functions: Q- 1000 - 2P (Demand) Q --500 + 3P (Private Supply) (Social Supply) Q--800 + 3P and the following panels. Fal Pal Pe Pae Panelt Quentily Quy Qunty Qany a. Which paneol best shows this case? Justify your answer. b. Find the private market clearing quantity and price and social quantity and price. Justify your answer. C. Find the tax necessary to set demand equal to social supply. Justify your answer. Sumlus and the tax revenues and
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- 1. Illustrate and explain the simultaneous impact of TRAIN law on the lower income group’s consumption of instant coffee. Compare and contrast the equilibrium price and quantity before and after the implementation of the law. 2. Illustrate and explain why there are very little clean Public Comfort Rooms that are free or are donation-based. Provide a possible solution to this problem (15 pts) (hint: analyze public CR as a positive externality) 3. Do you think that the TRAIN law was/is successful as a pro-poor taxation program? Why or why not?a. The market demand and supply functions for VCR movie rentals are:QD=10-0.04P and QS=3.8P+4.Suppose that VCR movie rentals are taxed at $0.25 per unit. Calculate:i. the equilibrium quantity and price, point elasticity of demand in equilibrium andproducer surplus without tax.ii. the revenues generated by the tax, the loss in producer surplus and percentageof the burden of the tax falls on producers?b. Determine the "rule-of-thumb" price when the monopolist has a marginal cost of $25and the price elasticity of demand of -3.0.Suppose demand and supply are given by? = 500-2P and ? =-100+3Pa) Which function is the demand function and why?b) Compute the equilibrium price and quantity in this market?c) Compute the consumer surplus and producer surplus.d) Suppose a GHC 1 exercise tax is imposed on the good. Determine the new equilibrium price and quantity.e) Compute the tax revenue to the government. f) Compute the deadweight loss resulting from the tax.
- The equation of demand is Q=10000-5p, supply is Q=-2000+10p Q represents the quantity of houses on the market and P the rental price. The equilibriumrental price equals 800 euros per month. If the government gives people a housing allowance of 300 euros per month,What are the effects of each measure for both house owners and people renting ahouse? And what are the consequences for the government? Analyse the measuresgraphically and mathematically.6. All of the following are sources of inefficiency except: a. public goods. b. the invisible hand. c. external costs. d. price ceilings. answer. (b. the invisible hand.) 9. Which of the following is the most correct statement about tax burdens? a. A tax burden falls most heavily on the side of the market that is closer to unit elastic. b. A tax burden falls most heavily on the side of the market that is elastic. c. A tax burden is distributed independently of relative elasticities of supply and demand. d. A tax burden falls most heavily on the market that is inelastic. answer (c. A tax burden is distributed independently of relative elasticities of supply and demand.) 16. The Coase theorem suggests that: a. the government should be actively involved in solving the problem of externalities. b. private parties may be able to solve the problem of externalities on their own. c. high transaction or bargaining costs are necessary in solving the problem of externalities. d.…The annual demand and supply for liquor in a certain state is given by the following equation: Qd= 500,000 − 20,000P Qs=30,000P where P is the price per gallon and QD is quantity of gallons demanded per year. a. Suppose that a $1-per-gallon tax is levied on the price of liquor received by sellers. Use both graphic and algebraic techniques to show the impact of the tax on market equilibrium. b. Calculate (i) the excess burden of the tax, (ii) the amount of revenues collected, and (iii) the incidence of the tax between buyers and sellers.
- Discuss how governments decide the optimal level public good provision and then consider the impact of taxation due to such provision. Use examples to substantiate your points.The demand and supply in the market for textbooks are described by the following equations: Q ^ D = 200 - P Q ^ S = 2P - 40 The government is considering a unit tax of 30 dollars on textbooks. (a) Draw a supply and demand diagram. Label on your diagram the following: The free-market equilibrium price P ^ * and quantity Q ^ * . The quantity bought and sold with the tax in place Q ^ T The deadweight loss, as a shaded area (b) Find a numerical value for the deadweight loss caused by the tax. The goverment scraps the plan for a tax and instead proposes a 50 dollar price ceiling on textbooks. (c) Draw a supply and demand diagram. Label on your diagram the following: The free-market equilibrium price P ^ * and quantity Q ^ * . The quantity demanded with the price ceiling in place Q ^ D The quantity supplied with the price ceiling in place Q ^ S The consumer surplus with the price ceiling in place, as a shaded area (d) Are consumers better off with the price ceiling in place?…Suppose demand is QD =12 - P supply is QS = 2P. There is a constant positive externality of $6 per unit (Marginal External Benefit, MEB = $6). What subsidy would achieve the efficient allocation? In other words, what subsidy would maximize social surplus? (Do not overthink this one.) Find quantity given this subsidy. What is the social benefit that accrues due to the quantity in the previous part? (Hint: It is MEB times the quantity.) Find (private) producer surplus given this subsidy. Find (private) consumer surplus given this subsidy. How much would this subsidy cost the government? In other words, find government “revenue” (which will end up being a negative number). Add up the answers to the previous four questions to find social surplus. (It should be the same as the area between MSB and MSC.)
- There are three individuals in a community: 1,2 and 3. Their valuations of the public good, G, are MB1=40-2G , MB2=20-G and MB3=10-G/2 . Let MCG=ACG= 12 a )Suppose the individuals must vote to determine the level of G, assuming that person 3 pays all of the cost. What will G be, according to the median voter theorem? Show your work b). Quantify the magnitude of the inefficiency caused by voting in part (a) That is, calculate the net loss of total social surplus that occurs because of the G you found in (a)Question: What does McWilliams mean by "perverse" subsidies? Define and/or illustrate with an example. Draw a connection between perverse subsidies and the externalized costs (negative externalities) that we discussed in a previous module. ((This is the previous module: (Week 2: In an economic transaction between a producer and a consumer, an externalized cost or (negative) externality is a cost to someone who is not involved in the transaction. For example, the consumer doesn't pay for it, and the producer doesn't pay for it. Joel Salatin alludes to this concept when he talks about food that is not “honest.” List three externalized costs associated with food production (and consumption), and try to identify the third part(ies) likely to pay for each. Which cost on your list concerns you the most? This course benefits greatly from interaction and community building, so feel free to "like" and/or comment on your classmates' entries. For this discussion in particular, you may be better…Suppose the equations below represent the market supply and demand for cellular service. QD = 50 – 0.25P QS = 2P – 76 a. Graph the supply and demand curves, and label the equilibrium quantity and price. b. Calculate the amount of Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus in this market. c. Suppose the government enacts a per-unit tax of $9 for each unit sold. Illustrate the effect of this tax in your graph of the market for cellular service, and calculate the new market price and quantity sold. d. Calculate the amount of deadweight loss associated with this per-unit tax. e. Calculate the share of the tax burden that the sellers bear. f. Briefly explain why there is a relationship between the slopes of the supply and demand curves, and the tax burden on each side of the market.