Answered: 1. The decay behavior of a radioactive…

Modern Physics

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781111794378

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Chapter13: Nuclear Structure

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 39P

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1. The decay behavior of a radioactive substance obeys first order kinetics: In (N/N.) = - kt, where N is the amount of radioactive nuclei at time = t seconds, N. is the amount at t = 0 seconds, k is the first order rate constant, and t is the elapsed time. If the half-life of the radioactive nuclei is 20 minutes, calculate the amount that remains after 750 seconds. (Hint: at the first half-life, N = ½ No.) Express your result as a percentage. 2. The intensity of radioactivity depends on the distance of the recipient from the source of radiation and follows an inverse square law. Suppose an object receives 1,230 millirem of radiation when it is 10 m from the source, calculate the distance if the object is now exposed to 350 millirem. 3. When radiation interacts with matter, the depth of penetration depends on the nature of the radiation, the density of the material, and the speed of the radioactive particle when it enters the material. In general, with all other parameters being equal, a denser material will permit a shorter distance of penetration. Arrange the materials below from most to least penetration by B particles. Assume a constant distance between the source and the material. a) Plastic b) Copper c) Cotton d) Alcohol e) Lead

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