1. Two of the liquids, n-pentane and 1-butanol, had nearly the san but significantly different AT values. Explain the difference in AT values of these substances based on their intermolecular forces. weights, febnod relo si lal ori no bnuogmoo rairW d 2. Which of the alcohols studied has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction? The weakest intermolecular forces? Explain using the results of this experiment. abxo of

1. Two of the liquids, n-pentane and 1-butanol, had nearly the san but significantly different AT values. Explain the difference in AT values of these substances based on their intermolecular forces. weights, febnod relo si lal ori no bnuogmoo rairW d 2. Which of the alcohols studied has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction? The weakest intermolecular forces? Explain using the results of this experiment. abxo of

Chemistry: Principles and Practice

3rd Edition

ISBN:9780534420123

Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Publisher:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Chapter11: Liquids And Solids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11.32QE

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The molecular mass of butanol, C4H9OH, is 74.14; that of ethylene glycol, CH2(OH)CH2OH, is 62.08, yet their boiling points are 117.2 C and 174 C, respectively. Explain the reason for the difference.
8.52 Rank the following hydrocarbons in order of increasing vapor pressure: C2H6,C10H22,CH4,C7H16,C22H46 .
A solution of benzoic acid in benzene has a freezing point of 3.1 C and a boiling point of 82.6 C. (The freezing point of pure benzene is 5.50 C, and its boiling point is 80.1 C) The structure of benzoic acid is Benzoic acid, C6H5CO2H What can you conclude about the state of the benzoic acid molecules at the two different temperatures? Recall the discussion of hydrogen bonding in Section 11.3.
8.87 Use the vapor pressure curves illustrated here to answer the questions that follow. (a) What is the vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 60°C? (b) Considering only carbon disulfide (CS2) and ethanol, which has the stranger intermolecular forces in the liquid state? (c) At what temperature does heptane (C7H16) have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg? (d) What are the approximate normal boiling pains of each of the three substances? (e) At a pressure of 400 mm Hg and a temperature of 70°C, is each substance a liquid, a gas, or a mixture of liquid and gas?
What are intermolecular forces? How do they differ from intramolecular forces? What are dipole-dipole forces? How do typical dipole-dipole forces differ from hydrogen bonding interactions? In what ways are they similar? What are London dispersion forces? How do typical London dispersion forces differ from dipole-dipole forces? In what ways are they similar? Describe the relationship between molecular size and strength of London dispersion forces. Place the major types of intermolecular forces in order of increasing strength. Is there some overlap? That is, can the strongest London dispersion forces be greater than some dipole-dipole forces? Give an example of such an instance.
A mixture of toluene (bp110.8C) and water is steam distilled. Visual inspection of the distillate reveals that there is a greater volume of toluene than water present, yet water (bp100C) has the higher vapor pressure. Explain this observation.
Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) was one of the first chemicals used as an anesthetic. At 34.6C, diethyl ether has a vapor pressure of 760. torr, and at 17.9C, it has a vapor pressure of 400. torr. What is the H of vaporization for diethyl ether?