What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate level? Briefly explain your answer.
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- If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate level? Briefly explain your answer.What impact would an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate have on fatty acid synthesis? Justify your response succinctly.
- Explain why insulin is required for adipocytes to synthesize triacylglycerols from fatty acids.Describe the fate of glycerol generated from triacylglycerolhydrolysis in adipocytes.How is the usage of fat as an energy source regulated? What would you expect to be the effect ofcaffeine or theophylline on fatty acid mobilization?
- In fatty acid biosynthesis explain the following two parts -(a) What effect will an increase in oxaloacetate in mitochondria have on fatty acid biosynthesis?(b) How insulin and glucagon affect fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis reactions/pathways, name them.How many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?When blood [glucose] is high and a cell’s energy needs are met, insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis. Is it counterproductive for insulin to also promote the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA? Explain.
- Briefly describe the action of glucagons on free fatty acidsWhat effect is observed on the rate of gluconeogenesis under each of the following conditions? a. low ATP concentrationc. high carbohydrate diet b. low ADP concentrationd. low carbohydrate dietWhat would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of a mutation in ATPcitrate lyase that reduces the enzyme’s activity? Explain.