12. If an employee suffers intense harassment and quits because of it, there is said to be: O a. harassment O b. constructive discharge O cisparate treatment O d. retaliation 13. If an employment rule which on its face is neutral, has the effect of causing illegal discrimination, there is said to be a disparate impact. O a. True O b. False

12. If an employee suffers intense harassment and quits because of it, there is said to be: O a. harassment O b. constructive discharge O cisparate treatment O d. retaliation 13. If an employment rule which on its face is neutral, has the effect of causing illegal discrimination, there is said to be a disparate impact. O a. True O b. False

Microeconomic Theory

12th Edition

ISBN:9781337517942

Author:NICHOLSON

Publisher:NICHOLSON

Chapter11: Profit Maximization

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11.8P

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22 Suppose there is a negative compensating differential for risk (i.e., the riskier the job is, the less it pays). a) Under what economic behavior or condition would this make sense? b) Draw the indifference curves for the above scenario in a carefully labeled risk-wage diagram.
Derive the utility function of a worker who is aiming to maximize his utility in the market for risky jobs. Explain and illustrate graphically how this worker will be making his choice among different alternatives of risk/wage combinations.
There are 50 workers in the economy in which all workers must choose to work a safe or a risky job. When it comes to accepting a risky job, Worker 1’s reservation price is $5; worker 2’s reservation price is $6, worker 3's reservation wage is $7, and so on. Assume there are exactly 12 risky jobs. (a) What is the equilibrium wage differential between safe and risky jobs? Which workers will be employed at the risky firm? (b) Suppose now that an advertising campaign, paid for by the employers who offer risky jobs, stresses the excitement associated with “the thrill of injury,” and this campaign changes the attitudes of the work force toward being employed in a risky job. Worker 1 now has a reservation price of $1, worker 2’s reservation price is $2, and so on. There are still only 12 risky jobs. What is the new equilibrium wage differential? c) What is the maximum the firm should be willing to pay for its ad campaign?
14.ASsume the labor force is made up of 40% women and 60% men. If 40% of all manufacturing jobsare held by women and 90% of the highest-paying management and executive level jobs inManufatacturing are held by men, then, with respect to the manufacturing sector, it can be said that: multiple choiceO.a. there is no horizontal occupational segregation but there is vertical occupational segregation. O.b. there is both horizontal and vertical occupational segregation.O.c. there is no sex-based discrimination in entry-level By solving it for 'r' through hit and trial method, the required interest rate can be found.positions but there is sex-based discriminationin management level positions.O.d. there is no sex-based discrimination in management positions but there is sex-baseddiscrimination in executive level positions.
No written by hand solution 2. Fringe benefits: a. As you might have suspected, employee nonwage (fringe) benefits make up a much larger percentage of labor costs in the United States today than they did a few generations ago (refer to Table 3.1 in the textbook). Fringe benefits as a form of labor compensation is also very unique to the U.S. and other developed nations. Do you think that the growing fringe benefit share of labor costs has made the level of employment more responsive or less responsive to changes in labor demand over the ups and downs in the overall economy? In other words, has it given the employers of labor more or less flexibility as they try to adapt to continuously changing economic conditions?
assume there are two types of workers, low- and high-ability, andlet 0 = 0.25 be the proportion of high-ability workers in the population. Assume their marginalproductivity and, therefore, their wages are wh = $20 and wl = $16, and that both types canuse college education to signal high ability. The cost of college education for low-ability workersis cl = $5 whereas the cost for high-ability workers is ch = $2. Consider the wage for both types of workers and the high-ability workers’ college cost, ch. For which values of 0 (the proportion of high-ability workers in the population) do the high-ability workers prefer the separating equilibrium over the pooling equilibrium? (a) Any 0 > 1/2(b) Any 0 < 1/2 (c) Any 0 < 3/4(d) Only when 0 = 1
3 Imagine that the wage-schooling locus is given by w(s)=s^(1/3). What will be the optimal level of education for an individual to take if next period’s earnings in any given time are worth 95% of current earnings for that individual? ---- HINT: the answer is s=20/57. I need step by step solution
A current debate in education is whether teachersshould be paid on a standard pay scale based solelyupon their years of training and teaching experience,or whether part of their salary should be based upontheir performance (called “merit pay”).a. Why might merit pay be desirable?b. Who might be opposed to a system of merit pay?c. What is a potential challenge of merit pay?d. A related issue: Why might a school district decideto pay teachers significantly more than the salariesoffered by surrounding districts?
Q) Suppose that utility for a worker is u(w)=w^.5. If the wage (w) offered is $64, there is a 50% chance of being fired, and switching costs are $28. What is the expected utility for the worker? Explain it early
Suppose there are 100 workers in the economy in which all workers must choose to work a risky or a safe job. Worker 1’s reservation price for accepting the risky job is $1; worker 2’s reservation price is $2; and so on. Because of technological reasons, there are only 10 risky jobs.a. What is the equilibrium wage differential between safe and risky jobs? Which workers will be employed at the risky firm?b. Suppose now that an advertising campaign paid for by the employers who offer risky jobs stresses the excitement associated with “the thrill of injury,” and this campaign changes the attitudes of the workforce toward being employed in a risky job.Worker 1 now has a reservation price of $10 (that is, she is willing to pay $10 for the right to work in the risky job); worker 2’s reservation price is $9; and so on. There are still only 10 risky jobs. What is the new equilibrium wage differential?
Follow-up questions. d. Let D be the difference in marginal product between an experienced worker and a new worker (MPe − MPn). Suppose that robust, experienced workers would prefer not to pool with sickly workers at their firm, and so they seek out a new job with an employer who does not offer health insurance. What will be the wage of the robust worker at the new job during the first year there? Keep in mind, these workers will no longer be experienced because they will be adapting to a new firm. Under what conditions will it make financial sense for the robust worker to change jobs? Your answer should be an inequality that includes D, θ, Vr, and Vs. e. D is a measure of job-specific human capital; as workers learn the job, they become more productive so D > 0. However, not every job or industry has the same value for D. In some lines of work D is low, while in others D is high, simply because of the nature of the work. Given the results, you have seen in this problem, in which…
Fringe benefits:a. As you might have suspected, employee nonwage (fringe) benefits make up a muchlarger percentage of labor costs in the United States today than they did a few generationsago (refer to Table 3.1 in the textbook). Fringe benefits as a form of labor compensationis also very unique to the U.S. and other developed nations. Do you think that thegrowing fringe benefit share of labor costs has made the level of employment moreresponsive or less responsive to changes in labor demand over the ups and downs in theoverall economy? In other words, has it given the employers of labor more or lessflexibility as they try to adapt to continuously changing economic conditions?