2. Reaction Mechanism and Molecularity Step 1 (slow): O3+ NO2 NO3 + O2 Step 2 (fast): NO, + NO: NO Your answer
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- Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given chemical reactions? Compare the ?G values between the two reactions Compare their reaction rates Compare their ideal environmental conditions Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions.Which of the following methods is not used by enzymes to increase the rate of reactions? a. covalent bonding with the substrate at their active site b. bringing reacting molecules into close prosimity c. orienting reactants into positions to favor transition states d. changing charges on reactants to hasten their reactivity e. increasing fit of enzyme and substrate that reduces the energy of activationIn the following graph: A represents the product. B represents the energy of activation when enzymes are present. C is the free energy difference between A and D. C is the energy of activation without enzymes. E is the difference in free energy between the reactant and the products.
- 1) what is the equilibrium constant for the reaction A + CT AT+ C? Show calculations. 2) the imageWhen two glucose molecules react to form maltose: a. the reaction represents a negative G. b. free energy had to be available to allow the reaction to proceed. c. the reaction is exothermic. d. it supports the second law of thermodynamics, which states there is tendency of the universe toward disorder. e. the resulting product has less potential energy than the reactants.Which of the following comparisons or contrasts between endergonic and exergonic reactions is false? Endergonic reactions have a positive ?G and exergonic reactions have a negative ?G Endergonic reactions consume energy and exergonic reactions release energy Both endergonic and exergonic reactions require a small amount of energy to overcome an activation barrier Endergonic reactions take place slowly and exergonic reactions take place quickly.
- Which of the following statements about the allosteric site is true? a. The allosteric site is a second active site on a substrate in a metabolic pathway. b. The allosteric site on an enzyme can allow the product of a metabolic pathway to inhibit that enzyme and stop the pathway. c. When the allosteric site of an enzyme is occupied, the reaction is irreversible and the enzyme cannot react again. d. An allosteric activator prevents binding at the active site. e. An enzyme that possesses allosteric sites does not possess an active site.In an enzymatic reaction: a. the enzyme leaves the reaction chemically unchanged. b. if the enzyme molecules approach maximal rate, and the substrate is continually increased, the rate of the reaction does not reach saturation. c. in the stomach, enzymes would have an optimal activity at a neutral pH. d. increasing temperature above the optimal value slows the reaction rate. e. the least important level of organization for an enzyme is its tertiary structure.1. Consider the following parameters related to an enzyme that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics for the reaction: k(1) k(2) S ----> ES ----> P k(-1)
- 1. a) Fill in the blanks: a ____________ reaction is one that requires energy input, whereas a spontaneous reaction is one that _____________ energy. A spontaneous reaction is also called an ___________ reaction, whereas an endergonic reaction requires energy input. b) Briefly, why do living cells and organisms require an input of energy? c) How do animals like humans get their energy if they cannot obtain it directly from the sun like photosynthetic organisms? How do bacteria obtain energy? d) Chemical energy is the form of energy we will discuss. Where is the chemical energy stored in a molecule of glucose?1a-Which of the following is/are true for all exergonic reactions? Select all that apply Select one or more: a. The products have more total free energy than the reactants. b. The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy c. The reaction requires energy from a coupled endergonic reaction d. A net input of energy from the surroundings is required for the reactions to proceed 1b-Which of the following can change the activity of a single enzyme? Select all that apply Select one or more: a. An inhibiting molecule noncovalently binding to the active site. b. A regulatory molecule noncovalently binding to a location other then the active site (an allosteric site). c. Another enzyme phosphorylating the enzyme of interest. d-Removal of a small section of the enzyme.1. Which of the following terms best describes the progress of the reaction with respect to free energy change?
