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24. Consider the figure below, which is an alternate way to depict the energy changes occurring during a reaction from Substrate (S) to Product (P), when uncatalyzed (curve A) and when catalyzed by an enzyme (curve B). Note that curve B is not the same way we modeled an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in class; this model is a different, perhaps slightly more realistic, way of conceptualizing the energy changes over the course of a reaction than what we did in class. S and ES represent the transition states for reaction of the free substrate (S) or the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). T T activation energy for uncatalyzed reaction EST S edhosob nohtum od bluo woH abiow yedio 2 wwolaixa-y odi no vaigin oroda dapng odt ni o nfog) r gibadhoa P B ES EP progress of reaction activation energy for catalyzed reaction a) Explain briefly why, in curve B, the energy state of the enzyme-substrate complex is less than the energy state of the substrate alone. b) Suppose the enzyme in the diagram was mutated in such a way that its affinity for the substrate increased by a factor of 100 (the reaction in the presence of the mutated enzyme is not shown). Explain, in terms of the structure of the active site of the enzyme, and how active sites interact with substrates, how a mutation in an enzyme could INCREASE the enzyme's affinity for its substrate. ABiouo

24. Consider the figure below, which is an alternate way to depict the energy changes occurring during a reaction from Substrate (S) to Product (P), when uncatalyzed (curve A) and when catalyzed by an enzyme (curve B). Note that curve B is not the same way we modeled an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in class; this model is a different, perhaps slightly more realistic, way of conceptualizing the energy changes over the course of a reaction than what we did in class. S and ES represent the transition states for reaction of the free substrate (S) or the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). T T activation energy for uncatalyzed reaction EST S edhosob nohtum od bluo woH abiow yedio 2 wwolaixa-y odi no vaigin oroda dapng odt ni o nfog) r gibadhoa P B ES EP progress of reaction activation energy for catalyzed reaction a) Explain briefly why, in curve B, the energy state of the enzyme-substrate complex is less than the energy state of the substrate alone. b) Suppose the enzyme in the diagram was mutated in such a way that its affinity for the substrate increased by a factor of 100 (the reaction in the presence of the mutated enzyme is not shown). Explain, in terms of the structure of the active site of the enzyme, and how active sites interact with substrates, how a mutation in an enzyme could INCREASE the enzyme's affinity for its substrate. ABiouo

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Chapter6: Energy, Enzymes, And Biological Reactions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 7TYK: In an enzymatic reaction: a. the enzyme leaves the reaction chemically unchanged. b. if the enzyme...
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24. Consider the figure below, which is an alternate way to depict the energy changes occurring during a reaction from Substrate (S) to Product (P), when uncatalyzed (curve A) and when catalyzed by an enzyme (curve B). Note that curve B is not the same way we modeled an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in class; this model is a different, perhaps slightly more realistic, way of conceptualizing the energy changes over the course of a reaction than what we did in class. S and ES represent the transition states for reaction of the free substrate (S) or the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). T T activation energy for uncatalyzed reaction EST S edhosob nohtum od bluo woH abiow yedio 2 wwolaixa-y odi no vaigin oroda dapng odt ni o nfog) r gibadhoa P B ES EP progress of reaction activation energy for catalyzed reaction a) Explain briefly why, in curve B, the energy state of the enzyme-substrate complex is less than the energy state of the substrate alone. b) Suppose the enzyme in the diagram was mutated in such a way that its affinity for the substrate increased by a factor of 100 (the reaction in the presence of the mutated enzyme is not shown). Explain, in terms of the structure of the active site of the enzyme, and how active sites interact with substrates, how a mutation in an enzyme could INCREASE the enzyme's affinity for its substrate. ABiouo
Transcribed Image Text:24. Consider the figure below, which is an alternate way to depict the energy changes occurring during a reaction from Substrate (S) to Product (P), when uncatalyzed (curve A) and when catalyzed by an enzyme (curve B). Note that curve B is not the same way we modeled an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in class; this model is a different, perhaps slightly more realistic, way of conceptualizing the energy changes over the course of a reaction than what we did in class. S and ES represent the transition states for reaction of the free substrate (S) or the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). T T activation energy for uncatalyzed reaction EST S edhosob nohtum od bluo woH abiow yedio 2 wwolaixa-y odi no vaigin oroda dapng odt ni o nfog) r gibadhoa P B ES EP progress of reaction activation energy for catalyzed reaction a) Explain briefly why, in curve B, the energy state of the enzyme-substrate complex is less than the energy state of the substrate alone. b) Suppose the enzyme in the diagram was mutated in such a way that its affinity for the substrate increased by a factor of 100 (the reaction in the presence of the mutated enzyme is not shown). Explain, in terms of the structure of the active site of the enzyme, and how active sites interact with substrates, how a mutation in an enzyme could INCREASE the enzyme's affinity for its substrate. ABiouo
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