3. β-oxidation of higher fatty acids: 3.1. tissue and intracellular localization of the process 3.2. activation of fatty acids 3.3. mechanism of fatty acids transport to mitochondria with the participation of carnitine
Q: What is the correct order, from highest content to lowest content, for triacylglycerols in the…
A: Lipoproteins are droplets of fats that are surrounded by a single layer of phospholipid molecules.…
Q: A patient with chronic pancreatitis and hence decreased secretory function of pancreas was…
A: Individual having an inflammation in the pancreas which does not improve over a long period of time…
Q: Glycogenolysis requires which of the following combination of enzymes? OA) Glycogen synthase and…
A: Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide consisting of D-glucose residues in which glucose residues are…
Q: Hypo and hyperglycemia, causes and consequences
A: The major sugar present in the blood is known as blood sugar or glucose. It originates from the food…
Q: The key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis are: A) hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate…
A: In the anaerobic process of glycolysis, one glucose molecule is transformed into two pyruvate…
Q: DNA Extraction and Characterization from Shrimp Describe the resulting gel, assess the purity of…
A: Here, given is a picture of sample gel. The distance of migration of bands in the ladder is given in…
Q: Enzymatic Saccharification Saccharomyces cerevisiae/Turbo Yeast Preparation of Fermentation Saba…
A: Saba peels are the banana peels that are often regarded as waste. Turbo yeasts are a special strain…
Q: 1 what is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle? what happens to each product? 2 Starting with…
A: Citric acid cycle (or TCA cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle) is the final common oxidative pathway…
Q: why wxactly 20Atp not 24?
A: Acetoacetate and hydroxybutyrate are ketone bodies that are used by cells (especially brain cells)…
Q: Explain how energy stored in pyruvate is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in eukaryotic…
A: Cellular respiration is a collection of three metabolic pathways that generate ATP by the oxidation…
Q: What is the function of uncoupling proteins in hibernating mammals? ○ A) They allow protons…
A: Uncoupling protein 1 or UCP1 (thermogenin) and is important in helping animals keep warm during the…
Q: A. Dissolution of drugs Tablets Aspirin Bisacodyl Generalizations: Vinegar Solution pH: 2.5 5…
A: Dissociation of a weak acid is mathematically described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH =…
Q: The ultimate acceptor of electrons in the nadh electron transport chain is a. H+ b. ATP c. O2…
A: Aerobic metabolism of 1 molecule of glucose can produce 10 NADH (6 from acetyl CoA in TCA cycle + 2…
Q: Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) can transport electrons between: OA) Complex I and Complex II. OB) Complex…
A: Coenzyme Q also known as Ubiquinone is an important component of electron transport chain. It is a…
Q: As a result of complete fasting for 3 days, a significant change in metabolism occurs. How will the…
A: Cells are machinery structures which carry out various complex controlled biochemical reactions in…
Q: .Here is an oligomeric protein, which has two binding sites: 1)Write the formulas of side chains of…
A: Oligomeric proteins are quaternary structure proteins which possess more than one subunit of…
Q: An enzyme “happyase” catalyzes the reaction: sad to happy. For total enzyme concentration of 4 nM,…
A: Enzymes are highly specialized proteins that have extraordinary catalytic power, greater than that…
Q: Describe the role of each of the membrane proteins shown in the picture below. Think about what is…
A: The NADH and FADH2 formed during the glycolysis and TCA cycle transfer electrons to the oxygen. The…
Q: With, Asp-Cys-Lys-Arg What are the pH buffering regions (pH range)? What is the charge at ph 4?…
A: Peptides are short polymeric structure made of amino acids linked to each of by peptide bonds. Amino…
Q: A 42 yr old woman is not in shape but still decides to run a marathon. During the event, she…
A: The blood homeostasis plays crucila role during respiration and breathing. The precursors of enegy…
Q: In isolating and characterizing carbohydrates, choose between starch and cellulose from a plant…
A: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (CH2O) which performs several functions in…
Q: Why two strands of DNA are not identical but are complimentary to each other?
A: Introduction DNA acts as genetic material in our body. DNA consists of nitrogenous bases, pentose…
Q: Draw the L(leucine)-A(alanine)-E(glutamate) triple tide and calculate its isoelectric point.
A: Amino acid sequences are written with N-terminal amino acid on the left and C-terminal amino acid on…
Q: 9. Compartmentation in ß Oxidation Free palmitate is activated to its coenzyme A derivative…
A: Beta oxidation is the biochemical pathway by which fatty acids are broken down two carbon at a time…
Q: 1 what is the net reaction of glycolysis? 2 Starting with glucose ( in the open - chain fischer…
A: Glycolysis is the collection of 10 enzymatically catalysed reactions that sequentially oxidises one…
Q: 23. Which is a general term indicating a carbohydrate polymer? A) Glycan B) Polycarb C) Multimer D)…
A: Chemically carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. They have the general formula :…
Q: 1 Draw a general sketch ( backbone only ) of a protein alpha- helix and a beta shet.
A: Hi, thank you for the question. As per the honor code, we'll answer the first question since the…
Q: Why can physostigmine, an AchE blocker, be used to treat myasthenia gravis? OA. Physostigmine blocks…
A: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder. In this disorder there is muscle weakness due to…
Q: why the Shine–Dalgarno sequence is important to prokaryotes？State the bases of prokayotes’ mRNA
A: Shine–Dalgarno sequence is a short stretch of polypurine sequence ( 4 to 9 purine nucleotides) in…
Q: how does high pressure O2 treat CO poisoning?
A: Hemoglobin is a globular protein, ie it is roughly spherical. It is a tetramer of two types of…
Q: 1. 2. NaBr 3. H₂O₂ 4. Al₂(MoO4)3 5. AgNO3 Fe₂(SO4)3
A: In one molecule of a compound how many numbers of atoms of each element are present is…
Q: 1. What constitutes the backbone of a nucleic acid? _ 2. Give the base sequence of the complementary…
A: Nucleic acids are organic molecules that act as the genetic material, and store and transfer genetic…
Q: What is the difference between high and very high energy bond molecules? Give 2 examples of each.…
A: Higher the bond energy, more unstable that bond is. Hence, upon breaking of that bond, a large…
Q: Question 25 Proteins synthesized on free ribosomes are transported to which cellular destination? O…
A: As per the central dogma of molecular biology, the genetic information stored in the DNA is copied…
Q: Explain how the information in mRNA is converted into a fully folded protein, and how the misfolding…
A: Introduction DNA is a self replicating molecule. mRNA is produced from DNA by a process called…
Q: *Give an example, taken from digestion, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis or the citric acid cycle of each…
A: Let us first understand the following terms: Feedback inhibition: It is a type of regulation or…
Q: 21. The structure of D-arabinose is shown below. How many stereoisomers are possible for this…
A: In carbohydrates, the carbon that is attached to four different groups is called a chiral centre.…
Q: 2. Please give the occurrence of Isoflavone s? What is the different between Isoflavone s and…
A: In order to minimise the risk of serious chronic diseases, phytochemicals—which are classified as…
Q: You are studying an enzyme and wish to determine how an inhibitor functions. The enzyme reaction is…
A: Inhibitors are the substances that bind to enzyme and influence the enzyme activity . There are four…
Q: You are studying a metabolic pathway and are trying to decide if it is an anabolic pathway or a…
A: Catabolic pathways are those that can breakdown the larger compounds into simple molecules. Anabolic…
Q: Some enzymes are used in the clinical lab to diagnose diseases. There are two specific markers for…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyses the following reaction: Lactate + NAD+ ↔ Pyruvate + NADH + H+…
Q: To completely reduce an oxidized cytochrome-c, how many electrons are required?
A: The electrons transport chain is a collection of four protein complexes: complex I, II, III and IV…
Q: 12. Which of the following ligands cannot act as an ambidentate ligand? o nitrite, NO₂ o…
A: Ligand is a molecule which bind reversibly to the protein. A ligand may be any kind of molecule, it…
Q: By the reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: a) NAD+ is oxidized to become NADH…
A: The glycolytic process results in pyruvate, which is a substantial source of acetyl-CoA for the TCA…
Q: Which statement about glutamine amidotransferases is FALSE?
A: Glutamine amidotransferases is an enzyme which catalyzes the removal of ammonia group from glutamine…
Q: Subunit Composition of a Protein. A protein has a molecular mass of 400 kDa when measured by…
A: Size exclusion chromatography is a technique which separates molecules according to their size…
Q: A solution of 150 mM NaCl is considered isotonic to cells because: A. Causes cells to shrink B.…
A: Diffusion refers to the movement of a substance from a region of higher concentration to a region of…
Q: During the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is essential…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate. The enzyme is an…
Q: E. coli replication on the lagging strand O is carried out by DNA polymerase I O is initially…
A: In E. coli genetic information is stored in form of DNA. E. coli DNA is circular in shape. DNA…
Q: The processes that are involved in protein degradation and folding release energy in the form of ATP…
A: Protein degradation is the process in which proteins are hydrolysed and broken down into individual…
3. β-oxidation of higher fatty acids:
3.1. tissue and intracellular localization of the process
3.2. activation of fatty acids
3.3. mechanism of fatty acids transport to mitochondria with the
participation of carnitine
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 1 images
- 1. Discuss fully the synthesis of triacylglycerol in the adipose tissue, muscles, intestines and liver. 2. Describe adequately the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. 3. Discuss the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies.1. Discuss the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies. 2. Describe adequately the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. 3. What are the different pathways of glucose metabolism?Fatty acids are stored in adipose tissue, as triacylglycerol (TAG) forms. TAGs are degraded as glycerol and fatty acids where energy is required. Based on that knowledge explain: How these products are used in the adipose, liver, and other tissue? Why glycerol can not be metabolized in adipose tissue?
- Fatty acids are stored in adipose tissue, as triacylglycerol (TAG) forms. TAGs are degraded as glycerol and fatty acids where energy is required. Based on that knowledge explain: a) How these products are used in the adipose, liver, and other tissue? b)Why glycerol can not be metabolized in adipose tissue?Define the following terms:a. b-oxidationb. carnitinec. ketogenesisd. ketone bodiese. ketosisIndicate whether each of the following B vitamins is involved (as a cofactor) in β-oxidation pathway, ketogenesis, lipogenesis, or conversion of ketone bodies to acetyl CoA. There may be more than one correct response or no correct response for a particular B vitamin.
- SUBJECT : HUMAN NUTRTION AND DIET Please elaborate the risk of type 11 diabetes with ketogenic diet. Share your experience how to avoid keto flu? Give you insights once a cancer cell emerges, how does it become clinically evident?Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about fatty acid activation before β-oxidation? I. The process consumes energy equivalent to two moles of ATP. II. The fatty acid is activated by ATP to give a fatty acyl-CoA.Discuss the process of digestion and absorption of lipid. Explain the relationships between lipogenesis and citric acid cycle.
- Define a ketogenic diet and give an example of a ketogenic meal. Explain why ketone supplements would not be a useful alternative to the ketogenic diet as a cancer therapy. Why might dietary treatments be preferred over conventional treatment options?Consider the reactions of ketogenesis. (a) What role does acetyl-CoA play?(b) How many acetyl-CoA molecules are used in the production of the ketonebodies?(c) What is the essential role of ketone bodies during prolonged starvation?1. Biochemical mechanisms of fatty acids and glycerol mobilization.2. Metabolism of glycerol, localization of the process and itsbiochemical significance.