3. Iron (III) ion (Fe") reacts with thiocyanate ion (SCN) to form a red complex ion with the formula [FeSCN]. The net ionic equation describing this reaction is given below. Fe" (aq, yellow) + SCN (aq, colorless) → [FeSCN] (aq, red) A student studying this equilibrium begins with an equilibrium mixture that is light pink. (1) What change will the student observe when a solution containing Fe" ion is added to this mixture? (2) Briefly explain how your answer to (1) is consistent with Le Chatelier's principle. (3) Silver ion (Ag) reacts with SCN ion to form silver thiocyanate (AgSCN). What change will the student observe when a solution containing Ag ion is added to the mixture? (4) Briefly explain how your answer to (3) is consistent with Le Chatelier's principle.

3. Iron (III) ion (Fe") reacts with thiocyanate ion (SCN) to form a red complex ion with the formula [FeSCN]. The net ionic equation describing this reaction is given below. Fe" (aq, yellow) + SCN (aq, colorless) → [FeSCN] (aq, red) A student studying this equilibrium begins with an equilibrium mixture that is light pink. (1) What change will the student observe when a solution containing Fe" ion is added to this mixture? (2) Briefly explain how your answer to (1) is consistent with Le Chatelier's principle. (3) Silver ion (Ag) reacts with SCN ion to form silver thiocyanate (AgSCN). What change will the student observe when a solution containing Ag ion is added to the mixture? (4) Briefly explain how your answer to (3) is consistent with Le Chatelier's principle.

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter12: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12.41PAE: Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go...

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Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go a step further and examine the equilibrium between carbonate ion and CaCOj. The reaction is Ca2+(aq) + COj2_(aq) ** CaCO,(s) The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 2.1 X 10*. If the initial calcium ion concentration is 0.02 AI and the carbonate concentration is 0.03 AI, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the ions? A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H2COj(aq) H+(aq) + HCO}‘(aq) K = 4.4 X 10"7 She starts with 0.1000 AI carbonic acid. What are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?
What is the law of mass action? Is it true that the value of K depends on the amounts of reactants and products mixed together initially? Explain. Is it true that reactions with large equilibrium constant values are very fast? Explain. There is only one value of the equilibrium constant for a particular system at a particular temperature, but there is an infinite number of equilibrium positions. Explain.
In a particular experiment, the equilibrium constant measured for the reaction, Cl2(g)+NO2(g)Cl2NO2(g), is 2.8. Based on this measurement, calculate AG° for this reaction. Calculate AG° using data from Appendix E at the back of the book and discuss the agreement between your two calculations.
. Magnesium fluoride dissolves in water to the extent of 8.0102g/L at 25°C. Calculate the solubility of MgF2(s) in moles per liter, and calculate Kspfor MgF2at 25 °C.
. The equilibrium constant for the reaction 2NOCl(g)2NO(g)+Cl2(g)has the value 9.2106at a particular temperature. The system is analyzed at equilibrium, and it is found that the concentrations of NOCl(g) and NO(g) are 0.44 M and 1.5103M. respectively. What is the concentration of Cl2(g) in the equilibrium system under these conditions?
In the gas phase, acetic acid exists as an equilibrium of monomer and dimer molecules. (The dimer consists of two molecules linked through hydrogen bonds.) The equilibrium constant, Kc, at 25 C for the monomer-dimer equilibrium 2 CH3CO2H (CH3CO2H)2 has been determined to be 3.2 104. Assume that acetic acid is present initially at a concentration of 5.4 104 mol/L at 25 C and that no dimer is present initially. (a) What percentage of the acetic acid is converted to dimer? (b) As the temperature increases, in which direction does the equilibrium shift? (Recall that hydrogen-bond formation is an exothermic process.)
. Mercury(I) chloride, Hg2Cl2, was formerly administered orally as a purgative. Although we usually think of mercury compounds as highly toxic, the K of mercury(I) chloride is small enough (1.31018)that the amount of mercury that dissolves and enters the bloodstream is tiny. Calculate the concentration of mercury(I) ion present in a saturated solution of Hg2Cl2.
Consider the reaction 2N2O(g) + O2(g) 4NO(g) Suppose the system is at equilibrium, and then an additional mole of N2O(g) is injected into the system at constant temperature. Once the reaction reestablishes equilibrium, has the amount of N2O increased or decreased from its original equilibrium amount? Explain. What happens to the value of the equilibrium constant with this change?
Suppose a reaction has the equilibrium constant K = 1.3 108. What does the magnitude of this constant tell you about the relative concentrations of products and reactants that will be present once equilibrium is reached? Is this reaction likely to be a good source of the products?
The ore cinnabar (HgS) is an important source of mercury. Cinnabar is a red solid whose solubility in water is 5.5 X 10-2 mol L-1. Calculate its \p. What is its solubility' in grams per 100 g of water?
A Boric acid and glycerin form a complex B(OH)3(aq) + glycerin(aq) B(OH)3 glycerin(aq) with an equilibrium constant of 0.90. If the concentration of boric acid is 0.10 M, how much glycerin should be added, per liter, so that 60.% of the boric acid is in the form of the complex?
12.102 A chemical engineer is working to optimize the production of acrylonitrile to be used in the manufacture of carbon fibers. The reaction being used is the combination of propene gas, ammonia, and oxygen. The reaction is normally carried out at moderately high temperatures so all species are in the gas phase. (a) Write the equilibrium constant expression for this reaction. (b) The boiling point of acrylonitrile is 77 °C, and that of propene is -48 °C. What would the equilibrium expression be if this reaction were carried out at room temperature? (c) What characteristic of this reaction might cause the engineer to desire carrying out this reaction at room temperature?