3Pot Process 2 2Po- Pot Process 1 Vo 2Vo 3Vo A sealed cylinder with a movable piston contains N molecules of an ideal gas. The gas is initially in the state with pressure Po and volume 3Vo shown on the graph of pressure P as a function of volume V. The gas is then taken through the two processes shown. Which of the following correctly describes the change in average speed of the molecules, if any, as the gas is taken through each process?

3Pot Process 2 2Po- Pot Process 1 Vo 2Vo 3Vo A sealed cylinder with a movable piston contains N molecules of an ideal gas. The gas is initially in the state with pressure Po and volume 3Vo shown on the graph of pressure P as a function of volume V. The gas is then taken through the two processes shown. Which of the following correctly describes the change in average speed of the molecules, if any, as the gas is taken through each process?

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter16: Temperature And The Kinetic Theory Of Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15OQ

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In the text, it was shown that N/V=2.681025m3 for gas at STP. (a) Show that this quantity is equivalent to N/V=2.681019cm3, as stated. (b) About how many atoms are mere in one m3 (a cubic micrometer) at STP? (c) What does your answer to part (b) imply about the separation of Mama and molecules?
A sealed cubical container 20.0 cm on a side contains a gas with three times Avogadros number of neon atoms at a temperature of 20.0C. (a) Find the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of the gas. (c) Calculate the average kinetic energy per atom, (d) Use Equation 10.13 to calculate the gas pressure. (e) Calculate the gas pressure using the ideal gas law (Eq. 10.8).
An ideal gas is trapped inside a tube of uniform cross-sectional area sealed at one end as shown in Figure P19.49. A column of mercury separates the gas from the outside. The tube can be turned in a vertical plane. In Figure P19.49A, the column of air in the tube has length L1, whereas in Figure P19.49B, the column of air has length L2. Find an expression (in terms of the parameters given) for the length L3 of the column of air in Figure P19.49C, when the tube is inclined at an angle with respect to the vertical. FIGURE P19.49
Consider a gas filling two connected chambers that are separated by a removable barrier (Fig. P20.68). The gas molecules on the left (red) are initially at a higher temperature than the ones on the right (blue). When the barrier between the two chambers is removed, the molecules begin to mix and move from one chamber to the other. a. Describe what happens to the temperature in the left chamber and in the right chamber as time goes on, once the barrier is open. Discuss in terms of the mixing of the molecules from each gas. b. Describe what happens to the most probable speed and average speed in the left chamber and in the right chamber as time goes on, once the barrier is open. Do they increase or decrease by the same factor? Explain. FIGURE P20.68 Problems 68 and 69.
Cylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.
An ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?
One mole of an ideal gas is contained in a cylinder with a movable piston. The initial pressure, volume, and temperature are Pi, Vi, and Ti, respectively. Find the work done on the gas in the following processes. In operational terms, describe how to carry out each process and show each process on a PV diagram. (a) an isobaric compression in which the final volume is one-half the initial volume (b) an isothermal compression in which the final pressure is four times the initial pressure (c) an isovolumetric process in which the final pressure is three times the initial pressure
A gas is in a container of volume V0 at pressure P0. It is being pumped out of the container by a piston pump. Each stroke of the piston removes a volume Vs through valve A and then pushes the air out through valve B as shown in Figure P19.74. Derive an expression that relates the pressure Pn of the remaining gas to the number of strokes n that have been applied to the container. FIGURE P19.74
(a) An ideal gas occupies a volume of 1.0 cm3 at 20.C and atmospheric pressure. Determine the number of molecules of gas in the container, (b) If the pressure of the 1.0-cm3 volume is reduced to 1.0 1011 Pa (an extremely good vacuum) while the temperature remains constant, how many moles of gas remain in the container?