4. Consider a community with 80 vacant parcels. The value of developed parcels can be represented by V-80-X, where V is measured in 1000s of $. X represents the number of developed parcels. Each parcel costs 10,000 (C=10) to prepare for development. The social value of undeveloped parcels can be represented by the function U-10+X, where U is also measured in 1000s of $. What is the efficient number of developed parcels? How many parcels will be developed if each parcel is owned by a separate individual, maximizing their own profits?
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- Construct a production possibilities curve for a hypothetical country. Put public capital goods per year on the vertical axis and consumer goods per year on the horizontal axis. Not shown directly in your graph, assume that this country produces just enough private capital per year to replace its depreciated capital. Assume further that this country is without public capital and is operating at point A where consumer goods are at a maximum. Based on the above research and using a production possibilities curve, show and explain what happens to this country’s private capital, production possibilities curve, and standard of living if it increases its output of public capital.Suppose R(q) = 4q − q2 is a function that describes the revenue an individual can earn. Obviously, revenue depends on quantity q. Further suppose that C(q) is a function that describes the cost associated with q.(a) Consider a private ownership scenario where the individual can maximize profits. Compute the optimal level of q.(b) Now consider a scenario where the individual is unable to maximize profits due a lack of private ownership. In fact, nothing is private and all resources are public and shared by all. Compute the appropriate level of q the individual chooses now.(c) Graph your solution from (a) and (b) Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.6. Which of the following is correct? A. Preferential use' attempts to establish a hierarchy of uses. B. Diminishing transferability of water property rights increases the market pressures toward equalization of the marginal net benefits. C. The existing system of prior appropriation rights and federal and state laws increases the degree of transferability of water property rights. D. Beneficial use' applies to instream consumptive uses
- A cost-benefit analysis of a new irrigation project indicates that the net benefits (B C) of the project in each of the first four years will be $2 million. Thereafter, the project will yield positive net benefits of $750,000 for the next 20 years. Calculate the present value of benefits minus costs when the social rate of discount is 10 percent. You can use spreadsheet software to do this calculation. Does the program merit approval? How would the present value of the net benefits change if the social rate of discount were 15 percent?When should a private good be produced from an efficiency standpoint? a-When the sum of all of society’s marginal benefit exceeds the marginal cost b-When the marginal benefit from consumption exceeds the marginal cost c-When the marginal cost exceeds the marginal benefit from consumption d-When the marginal cost exceeds the sum of all of society’s marginal benefitThe supply and demand of sugar are given as Qs = 5P, Qd = 250- P where Qs is tons supplied per year, P is the price per ton; Qd is tons demanded per year. Because of the pollution associated with production, marginal external costs of 40 are associated with each ton of sugar. Assuming that sugar is sold in a competitive market, What is the market price? How many tons of paper will be produced per year at that price? What is the efficient output of paper? What is the amount of total Pigouvian tax to achieve efficiency? What is the amount of total Pigouvian subsidy to achieve efficiency? Expert Answer
- The supply and demand of sugar are given as Qs = 5P, Qd = 250- P where Qs is tons supplied per year, P is the price per ton; Qd is tons demanded per year. Because of the pollution associated with production, marginal external costs of 40 are associated with each ton of sugar. Assuming that sugar is sold in a competitive market, What is the market price? How many tons of paper will be produced per year at that price? What is the efficient output of paper? What is the amount of total Pigouvian tax to achieve efficiency? What is the amount of total Pigouvian subsidy to achieve efficiency?Suppose the costs of an environmental pollution-control program are expected to be equal to $80 per year, and that benefits will be $50 per year for 50 years, then $150 per year thereafter. At a discount rate of 4 percent, what are the net benefits of this program for the next 100 year? What would the net benefits be at a discount rate of 2 percent? Comment on the difference.The depletion of the ozone layer is attributed to the emission of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Before 1990, the use of coolants in refrigerators such as Freon released a significant amount of CFCs. Given the above scenario, is the equilibrium level of refrigerators produced prior to 1990 in the market “too much” or “too little” compared to the social optimum? Explain why this occurs. Support your answer by drawing the private and social, marginal cost and marginal benefit curves for refrigerators. Identify the deadweight loss if any exists. Identify a regulation that the government can use to achieve the socially optimal level of refrigerators. Explain how this regulation works. Explain how the Coase theorem could hypothetically work to achieve the optimal level of CFCs emissions in this context. Enumerate at least one major drawback that hinders the creation of a market for CFCs without any third party regulators in the real world. Assume that the marginal savings for refrigerator…
- The town of Grayling has 10 thousand residents who produce fish from fish farms and lakes. Each person who works on a fish farm produces 2 fish per day. Each person who fishes in a lake produces 10-X fish per day where X is the number of people (in thousands) who fish in the lakes. If the town issues tradable permits for lake fishing equal to the Pareto efficient value for X, what would a resident pay for one of these permits? (hint: how many extra fish does a lake fisherman catch compared to a fish farmer at the efficient value of X?)The government of a subtropical country is evaluating the costs and benefits of protecting a rainforest versus cutting it down for timber. The estimated value of the wood is $270$270 million. If the same forest is used as a national park, it may attract 0.030.03 million additional tourists per year. Statistically, each tourist spends $1,600$1,600 inside the country during their stay.How long will it take tourism to exceed the estimated value of the wood in the rainforest? Enter your answer in the box below and round to two decimal places if necessary.Assume the following: A community, Manatee, has a small groundwater aquifer, with water to allocate over 2 years. Assume that this resource is non-renewable. Each year is labeled Period 1 and 2, respectively. Use 2 decimal places throughout your work. Water reserves = 12,000 litres, to be allocated over Period 1 & Period 2 Interest rates are at 8% Marginal Benefits: MB1 = 5000 - ½Q1 , MB2 = 5000 - ½Q2 Marginal Costs of extraction: MC1 = 120 , MC2 = 120 (a) What is the optimal allocation of water, under a static efficiency allocation, for both periods? (b) What should the dynamic optimal allocations be (quantities and prices) in Period 1 and Period 2?