6) According to the graph below, at which point is the consumer choosing to borrow in the first period in order to consume exclusively in that period?: * Consumer's Budget Constraint Second-period consumption C2 (1+)Y1 + Y2 Y2 Y2 v1 +v2/(1+r) First-period consumption C1 A) Point A O B) Point B OC) Point C O D) Point D 7) According to New Keynesian theory, economic shocks can arise as a result of:* O A) Microeconomic imperfection O B) Lack of government spending on durable goods OC) Monetary neutrality ORIEXcess monetary reserves
Q: 3 Consider a two period consumption saving problem. Let c1 and ez denote the first and second…
A: U = ln c1 + c2 r = 0.10 I1 = 100 I2 = 200 Lets consider Budget line asc1 + c21+r = I1 + I21+r
Q: Discuss the impact of the economy on consumer behaviour. Note: it is important that you consider…
A: Recession: In financial matters, a downturn is a business cycle compression when there is an overall…
Q: Suppose that c= a+by, where c= consumption, a = consumption at zero income, b = the slope of the…
A: Consumption function is a function which shows relationship between consumption and income. Hence,…
Q: From the Intertemporal Choice Model, many theories (non-Keynesian theories of Consumption) came into…
A: Fundamental consumption theories are developed by J.M Keynes. consumption is the function of income,…
Q: Consider a closed economy to which the Keynesian-cross analysis applies. Consumption is given by the…
A: Hi! Thank you for the question, As per the honor code, we are allowed to answer three sub-parts at a…
Q: 1) Sandeep consumes (c1, c2) and earns (m1, m2) in periods 1 and 2 respectively. Suppose that the…
A: Answer: Given, Consumption=c1, c2Income=m1, m2Interest rate=r (a). Intertemporal budget constraint…
Q: When analyzing how borrowing and lending affect the consumer's budget constraint, we measure…
A: The consumer makes all the borrowing and lending decisions based on the interest rate. The interest…
Q: If real interest rates become negative, the neoclassical model of investment predicts there is now…
A: Neoclassical theory of investment: The theory is based on the neoclassical optimal capital…
Q: Assume an intertemporal budget constraint that shows how consumption can be traded off between two…
A: We are going to use the concept of present value of the extra amount to be received in the next…
Q: What is meant by “excess sensitivity” of consumption? Is this view of consumption consistent with…
A: Hi! Thank you for the question As per the honor code, We’ll answer the first question since the…
Q: We observe that humans prefer to smooth consumption. If the real interest rate was 0% and you lived…
A:
Q: Q1 4. Suppose you earn same income as one of your cousins but expect to live longer than your…
A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: 2) Yoni spends his income on consumption between two periods - C1 and C2. Both C1 and C2 are normal…
A: a) Budget Constraint: The limit of the opportunity set—all potential permutations of consumption…
Q: 7. If the consumption function is given by C = 0.62Y + 50 state the values of (a) autonomous…
A: Here, consumption function is given as: C=0.62Y+50 Where, C is consumption and Y is income.
Q: 1. Induced consumption is: (a) the part of consumption which is independent of the level of income.…
A: Disclaimer :- As you posted multiple questions we are supposed to solve one question only which is…
Q: The population of Czechia is ageing quickly and the old, who spend a relatively small proportion of…
A: Answer - GDP (output) :- It is the sum of all the goods and services produced in a country in a…
Q: Steve has the utility function U(ci, c2) = c2 + 2c2where ci is his consumption in period 1 and ci is…
A:
Q: In a two-period model, an individual earns and consumes C1 in period 1 and only consumes C2 in…
A: Income in period 1 = $4500 Saving interest rate = 3.3% or 0.033 Consumes C1 in period 1 and only…
Q: Within a two-period intertemporal choice setting, a consumer chooses to be a saver at an initial…
A: The customer is a saver and the real interest rate has now risen, the customer will now receive a…
Q: 13 In this consumption function C= C0 + C1*Yd equation; C1*Yd Known as Select one: a. Disposable…
A: Answer: d. Induced consumption A consumption function represents the part of income a consumer would…
Q: Q83 Suppose Jillian spends $250 on books per year when her income is zero. As her income rises, she…
A: Answer: Here, the consumption level when the income is zero is $250. It is called autonomous…
Q: Q.1.7 In the Keynesian macroeconomic model, the equation for the savings function is given as: S =…
A: The saving function, often known as the inclination to save, describes the link between saving and…
Q: In the Keynesian macroeconomic model, the equation for the savings function is given as: S = -420 +…
A: S= -420 + 1/4Y Autonomous consumption is 420, that is when Y is 0, savings is -420 which shows…
Q: Let the equilibrium condition for national income be ?(?) + ?(?) = ?(?) + ? (? ′ , ? ′ ,? ′ >…
A: (A) S' : marginal propensity to save lots of T' : marginal rate I' : marinal rate of investment
Q: According to the basic discounting principle, individuals value current consumption (i.e.…
A: Discounting would tend render costs and benefits that would occur during different time periods…
Q: Consider the household model that you have seen in class but now assume that the goal of the…
A: Consumption: It refers to the amount of goods and services people will consume. The more the…
Q: Suppose the desired consumption function of Canadaland is given by C^d= 0.5 + 0.7Y - 10r - 0.1G,…
A: Suppose the desired consumption function of canadaland is given by C^d = 0.5 +0.7Y - 10r - 0.1G…
Q: (c) In general, if consumption is given by the function C = A + MPC*DI, then saving will obey the…
A: Marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is the change consumption spending (C) by consumer due to the…
Q: Using the Keynesian-cross analysis, assume that the consumption function is given by C- 200 +0.7(Y -…
A: The aggregate demand or expenditure within the economy is that the summation of all the expenditures…
Q: Given: Barbara has an income of $2000 this year, and she expects an income of $1100 next year. She…
A: This is the equation of the budget line for intertemporal choice:…
Q: 1. Suppose Ali calculates his permanent income by adaptive expectations. In year 2020 Ali's…
A: Permanent Income hypothesis propounded by Milton Friedman states that the consumption pattern of an…
Q: 6. Which of the following would make the slope of the indifference curve between current consumption…
A: In economics, an individual's decision based on current and future consumption depends upon his…
Q: Diminishing MRS reflects the notion that people prefer balance in their consumption choices.” True…
A: Substitution effect is the concept in which consumer chooses substitute of the product when it's…
Q: Consider the following functions for consumption and investment: C = 1,000 + (2/3)*(Y – T) and I =…
A: Hi! thank you for the question but as per the guidelines, we answer only three subparts at a time.…
Q: Assume an intertemporal budget constraint that shows how consumption can be traded off between two…
A: We are going to use the concept of the present value of the extra amount to be received in the next…
Q: What are the effects of an increase in the real interest rate on consumption in each period, and on…
A: In the two period model, a change in real interest rate will affect the savings and consumption…
Q: A university student recieved $1,000 upon graduation at age 20 years. This person was hired by one…
A: The average propensity to consume (APC) refers to a metric that evaluates how much of one's income…
Q: The figure on the right displays a simplified consumption function. Which of the following…
A: The consumption function shows the relationship between income and consumption in the economy. It is…
Q: Question 2: a. Discuss and graphically depict Keynes’s three conjectures about the consumption…
A: Note: Since you posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three subparts for…
Q: How does the stock market affect consumption according to the permanent-income hypothesis? Is this…
A: Answer -
Q: Suppose that optimal consumption in the first period is given by: c^* = (1 + r)/ (2 + r) × we, (1)…
A: c*= 1+r2+r×we
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- 14) If the expenditures of Salih are equal to his income, it means that he is consuming at a point a) inside his budget constraint b) outside his budget constraint c) on his budget constraint d) which cannot be determinedProblem 4 - Costless Magical MacGuffinConsider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and moves up thecorporate ladder in period 2 (and gets income Y1 < Y2). This consumer has the usual preferences over time: u(C1) +βu(C2)Assume this consumer cannot borrow.1. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Show the corresponding utilitycurve.Assume that now the consumer is allowed to save or borrow.2. Write down the new budget constraint. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Displaygraphically. Could the consumer be worse off? Could the consumer be better off? Draw budget constraintssuch that for one of them consumer prefers to borrow and for the other - prefers to save.Assume once again that a consumer cannot borrow, but can borrow and immediately sell some ‘MacGuffins’, and in the next period, the consumer must buy back the MacGuffins to return to the lender. Assume that MacGuffins trade at P1 >…A decrease in people's disposable income OA. increases investment demand. B. increases consumption. OC. decreases saving. O D. increases saving and decrease consumption. OE. increases saving. Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism.Answer completely and accurate answer.Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.
- Consider the following consumer’s problem: max u(c1 ) + βu(c2) c1c2 subject to c1 + s1 = y1 c2 = y2 + (1 + r)s1 u(c)={1/(1-1/σ}c1-1/σ a) Describe all equations using economic terminology.b) Derive the intertemporal budget constraint for this consumer.c) Set the Langrangean for this problem.d) Find the first order conditions for a maximum.e) What is the effect of an increase in the interest rate on savings? Show in equation and explain.Consider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and moves up the corporate ladder in period 2 (and gets income Y1 < Y2). This consumer has the usual preferences over time: u(C1) + βu(C2) 1. Assume this consumer cannot borrow. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Show the corresponding utility curve. 2. Assume that now the consumer is allowed to save or borrow. Write down the new budget constraint. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Could the consumer be worse off? Could the consumer be better off? Draw budget constraints such that for one of them consumer prefers to borrow and for the other - prefers to save. 3. Assume once again that a consumer cannot borrow, but can borrow and immediately sell some MacGuffins, and in the next period, the consumer must buy back the MacGuffins to return to the lender. Assume that MacGuffin t r a d e s a t P1 > 0 in the first period…2. Mr. A has the following utility function and budget constraints: Max 0.1Ln(C1) + 0.7Ln(C2) Subject to S1 + C1 = 100 C2 + S2 = (1 + r)S1 where C1 and C2 are consumption level at young and that at old respectively. Likewise, S1 and S2 are saving at young and saving at old respectively. a) Find out Mr. A’s optimal consumption levels (i.e. C1*, C2*) and optimal savings (i.e. S1*, S2*) in terms of interest rate r. b) Show clearly the results in part a) in a suitable diagram (with C1 as x-axis and C2 as y-axis). c) Is Mr. A a saver ? or a borrower ? d) If r is equal to 0 (i.e. saving gives no returns), will Mr. A still choose to save when he is young (i.e. is S1 still bigger than 0) ? Why ? e) Suppose that Mr. A is not allowed to save (i.e. S1 = 0). What are his optimal consumption levels ? Show his optimal consumption levels in the same diagram you prepare for part a) (with a suitable indifference curve). f) If r increases,…
- Assume Marco is initially borrowing and investing 100, with a return on investment of 50% and an interest rate on borrowing at 10%. The return on investment falls to 5%. Which statements are correct? Select one or more: A. Marco’s decision to continue to invest will depend on his preference between consumption today and consumption in the future. B. Marco will wish to invest and borrow, but he will be worse off than when the return to investment was 50%. C. If he continues to invest and borrow, the dashed line representing his new frontier will start at 105 on the y axis and be shallower than the solid red line, so he’ll continue to invest and borrow D. In the remaining questions, assume the central bank now cuts interest rates so that the real interest rate falls to zero. Marco will still not wish to invest and borrow. E. If he just invests his money in the bank instead, his frontier will cross the x axis at 100 and be steeper than the frontier if he invests.…On a given evening, J. P. enjoys the consumption of cigars (c) and brandy (b) according tothe functionU(c, b) = 20c− c²+ 18b − 3b²a. How many cigars and glasses of brandy does he consume during an evening? (Cost isno object to J. P.)b. Lately, however, J. P. has been advised by his doctors that he should limit the sum ofglasses of brandy and cigars consumed to 5. How many glasses of brandy and cigarswill he consume under these circumstances?Consider a two-period consumption saving model and let f1 and f2 denote the first and secondperiod consumption, respectively. Assume that the interest rate at which the consumer may lend or borrowis 10%. Suppose that a consumer’s utility function is x (f1> f2) = f1 + 20√f2= The consumer first periodincome is L1 = $100 and the present value of her income stream is $330=(a) What is the optimal consumption stream (consumption bundle) of this consumer?(b) Is this consumer borrower or lender? How much does she borrow or lend?(c) What is the effect of a reduction of the interest rate to 5% on the consumer’s optimal first-periodsaving? (Make sure to take into account the effect of the decline in the interest rate on the present value ofthe consumer’s income stream.)
- Q2. a. What is the law of demand? Give two examples of how you have observed the law of demand at work in the “real world.” How is the law of demand related to the demand curve?b. What variables influence the demand for a normal good? Explain why a reduction in the price of a normal good does not increase the demand for that good.Q4. What is econometric forecasting? If econometrics forecasting is considered the bestforecasting technique, what usefulness remains over other forecasting techniquesGiven the utility function: U = ln c + l + ln c’ + l’ and the budget constraint: w(ℎ−l)+(w′(ℎ−l′))/(1+r)=c+(c′)/(1+r) (see pictures of function and constraint) where c = current consumption, c' = future consumption, l = current leisure, l' = future leisure, and r is the market interest rate.Suppose that the current wage, w = 20 and the future wage w' = 22. a) What is the optimal value of current consumption, c? b) What is the optimal valueof future consumption, c’*?A consumer has utility u(x,y,z)= ln(x) + 2ln(y) + 3ln(z) over the three goods, x,y and z and pZ = 1 . Optimally sheconsumes 30 units of z. What is her income? How much money does she spend on x?(HINT: MUX =??, MUY =??, MUZ =??and remember the “equivalent bang for the buck” condition)(b) Forget about (a). Suppose you have t = 29 hours in total to spend on 3 projects X, Y and Z to make some money.If you spend x hours on project X, you make 2√? dollars;If you spend y hours on project Y, you make ?√? dollars;If you spend z hours on project Z, you make ?√? dollars;Writing down your “utility function” u(x,y,z) and the constraint, solve the utility maximization problem; what isthe optimal amount of time to spend on x ? on y? on z ?