6) In recent class lectures, we discussed the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity,p(T) for the three main classes of materials that conduct an electrical current; conductors,semiconductors, and superconductors. In the graph below, draw in by hand examples of thetemperature dependence of the electrical resistivity, pT), for each material type. Give at least oneexample of each material type.plT)++>T(K)100200300

Conductors are those materials that have a positive temperature coefficient. Thus, In conductors,…

Answered: 6) In recent class lectures, we…

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter20: Electric Current, Resistance, And Ohm's Law

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 71PE: Construct Your Own Problem Consider an electric immersion heater used to heat a cup of water to make...

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Construct Your Own Problem Consider a person working in an environment where electric currents might pass through her body. Construct a problem in which you calculate the resistance of insulation needed to protect the person from harm. Among the things to be considered are the voltage to which the person might be exposed, likely body resistance (dry, wet, ...), and acceptable currents (safe but sensed, safe and unfelt, ...).
-gauge copper wire has a diameter of 9.266 mm. Calculate the power loss in a kilometer of such wire when it carries 1.00102 A.
When a straight wire is heated, its resistance changes according to the equation R = R0 [1 + (T T0)] (Eq. 17.7), where is the temperature coefficient of resistivity. (a) Show that a more precise result, which includes the length and area of a wire change when it is heated, is R=R0[1+(TT0)][1+(TT0)][1+2(TT0)] where is the coefficient of linear expansion. (See Topic 10.) (b) Compare the two results for a 2.00-m-long copper wire of radius 0.100 mm, starting at 20.0C and heated to 100.0C.
In which of the three semiconducting materials listed in Table 20.1 do impurities supply free charges? (Hint: Examine the range of resistivity for each and determine whether the pure semiconductor has the higher or lower conductivity.)
How does the resistance for copper and for silicon change with temperature? Why are the behaviors of these two materials different?
Apply the junction rule to Junction b shown below. Is any new information gained by applying the junction rule at e?
If two different wires having identical cross-sectional areas carry the same current, will the drift velocity be higher or lower in the better conductor? Explain in terms of the equation vd=1nqA by considering how the density of charge carriers n srelates to whether or not a material is a good conductor.
Would your headlights dim when you start your car's engine if the wires in your automobile were superconductors? (Do not neglect the battery’s internal resistance.) Explain.
Nichrome wire is used in some radiative heaters. (a) Find the resistance needed if the average power output is to be 1.00 kW utilizing 120-V AC. (b) What length of Nichrome wire, having a cross-sectional area of 5.00mm2, is needed if the operating temperature is 500°C ? (c) What power will it draw when first switched on?
Residential building codes typically require the use of 12-gauge copper wire (diameter 0.205 cm) for wiring receptacles. Such circuits carry currents as large as 20.0 A. If a wire of smaller diameter (with a higher gauge number) carried that much current, the wire could rise to a high temperature and cause a fire. (a) Calculate the rate at which internal energy is produced in 1.00 m of 12-gauge copper wire carrying 20.0 A. (b) Repeat the calculation for a 12-gauge aluminum wire. (c) Explain whether a 12-gauge aluminum wire would be as safe as a copper wire.
Ail immersion heater is a small appliance used to heat a cup of water for tea by passing current through a resistor. If the voltage applied to the appliance is doubled, will the time required to heat the water change? By how much? Is this a good Idea?
Construct Your Own Problem Consider an electric immersion heater used to heat a cup of water to make tea. Construct a problem in which you calculate the needed resistance of the heater so that it increases the temperature of the water and cup in a reasonable amount of time. Also calculate the cost of the electrical energy used in your process. Among the things to be considered are the voltage used, the masses and heat capacities involved, heat losses, and the time over which the heating takes place. Your instructor may wish for you to consider a thermal safety switch (perhaps bimetallic) that will halt the process before damaging temperatures are reached in the immersion unit.

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