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- 8)Which of the following questions would be considered ecological questions? choose all that apply a)How does the availability of rainfall affect pollen production in mulberry trees? b)How do the population dynamics of hawks affect the population dynamics of lizards? c)How does elevation affect the amount of rainfall? d)How did the mouse species present in the Mojave Desert arise? e)How does a mutation in a gene for amylase affect nutrient absorption in white-tailed deer? f)None of these are ecological questions#1. Choose between: GENETIC DIVERSITY, SPECIES DIVERSITY, ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY ____________a. Introduction of large exotic species like salmon reduced the abundance of native fish species. ____________b. Overharvesting of tawilis led to population decline. ____________c. Conversion of land has reduced forest cover to 5% of original.7. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the human impact on the environment? A) The size of the human population. B) Human affluence. C) The rapid evolution of humans compared to other species. D) The speed of change caused by humans. 8. Which of the following may be true of atmospheric CO2? A) The ocean will absorb the excess atmospheric CO2. B) Plant photosynthesis cannot compensate for increased atmospheric CO2. C) When tropical forests are logged, additional CO2 is released into the atmosphere. D) As permafrost melts, more atmospheric CO2 will be absorbed.
- 1. a. Define extinction b. List the factors that contribute to extinction of a plant species.1. Explain what overpopulation is and why it is a problem in layman's terms (simple language that anyone can understand, Mirriam-Webster's). Imagine explaining it to an office worker, a factory worker, or a street vendor who might not have technical knowledge of the subject.Please select all of the answers that are reasonable interpretations of this figure looking at the mortality of seedling vs the mass of seeds for different species. A. The chestnut blight caused chestnuts to make heavier seeds than any other species B. The proportion of seedlings that survive is better in trees with large seed mass C. There a appears to be a tradeoff. Species that invest a lot of resources into an individual seeds produce fewer seeds that survive well. Species that invest resources in and produce a larger number of lighter seeds produce seedlings with greater probably of dying D. It appears that early-mid successional trees invest more heavily in the number of seeds than the size of seeds E. The proportional survival of tree seedlings is higher in less heavy seeds F. It appears that late successional shade tolerant trees invest more heavily in the number of seeds than the size of seeds
- 7) Describe how the types of vegetation present on this farmland would change if a fire burned down all the trees 120 years after the land was abandoned.41. The introduction of the parasitic wasp A. melinus in 1957-59 to control the red scale pest resulted in the elimination of the parasitic wasp A. lingnanensis from the central valley of California but not from coastal areas. This pattern results from… a. a lack of resource partitioning between the two species of wasp b. differences in the realized niches of the two species of wasp c. similar habitat in the central valley and in the coastal areas d. None of these choices are correct e. differences in the fundamental niches of the two species of wasp16. Tamaraw has been in the critically endangered list since the year 2000. One of the reasons is the habitat destruction that forced them to move further inland into the thick forest. Which of the following factors affect the population of the tamaraw? * A. disease and parasites B. emigration C. predation D. competition for resources 17. What conservation status is referred when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died such as to what happen to the Saber-toothed tiger and Dodo? * A. Endangered B. Extinct C. Vulnerable D. Critically endangered
- 1) A mathematical (differential equation) representation for a metapopulation can be written as dp/dt = cp(1- p) - ep where p is the proportion of patches occupied at time t, c is the rate of patch colonization, and e is the rate of patch extinction. The term on the left hand side is the ‘rate of change in the proportion of patches occupied.’ The first term on the right hand side of the equation provides the effective gain in patch occupancy as a function of p due to the colonization process, and the term in parentheses represents the fraction of patches not currently occupied. The second right hand side term provides the effective loss of patch occupancy due to the (local) extinction process. a) Look at the term for the colonization process. How would you modify this term if you wanted to capture the idea that habitat loss destroyed (i.e., made uninhabitable) a proportion D from the patches that are available for colonization ? b) What value of D guarantees complete extinction of…1.What environmental factors enable the species that are common in Mohn Hill Natural Area and Synder-Middleswarth Natural Area to exist in both areas.2) In a particular island, the environment is semi-arid. There is a lizard population with a lot of variation for color. Normally, the light sandy color and golden colored lizard flourished because they escaped predation, while others were barely surviving. However, in recent years, a lot of rain has brought about a lot of vegetation. Which variation of lizard will now flourish in the area? * A) white B) Brown C) Green D) Red