A chemist fills a reaction vessel with 5.11 atm hydrogen (H₂) gas, 7.85 atm Oxygen (0₂) gas, and 4.58 atm water (H₂O) gas at a temperature of 25.0°C. Under these conditions, calculate the reaction free energy AG for the following chemical reaction: 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) Use the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab. Round your answer to the nearest kilojoule. kJ X olo Ar

A chemist fills a reaction vessel with 5.11 atm hydrogen (H₂) gas, 7.85 atm Oxygen (0₂) gas, and 4.58 atm water (H₂O) gas at a temperature of 25.0°C. Under these conditions, calculate the reaction free energy AG for the following chemical reaction: 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) Use the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab. Round your answer to the nearest kilojoule. kJ X olo Ar

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter17: Spontaneity, Entropy, And Free Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 116CP: Entropy can be calculated by a relationship proposed by Ludwig Boltzmann: S=kIn(W) where k = 1.38 ...

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Human DNA contains almost twice as much information as is needed to code for all the substances produced in the body. Likewise, the digital data sent from Voyager II contained one redundant bit out of every two bits of information. The Hubble space telescope transmits three redundant bits for every bit of information. How is entropy related to the transmission of information? What do you think is accomplished by having so many redundant bits of information in both DNA and the space probes?
Calculate S for the reaction C2H4(g)+3O2(g)2CO2(g)+2H2O(l) See Table 18.1 for values of standard entropies. Does the entropy of the chemical system increase or decrease as you expect? Explain.
Entropy can be calculated by a relationship proposed by Ludwig Boltzmann: S=kIn(W) where k = 1.38 1023 J/K and W is the number of ways a particular state can be obtained. (This equation is engraved on Boltzmann's tombstone.) Calculate S for the five arrangements of particles in Table 16- 1.
Someone once suggested that it is impossible to unscramble a scrambled egg. Describe an unscrambled and a scrambled egg in terms of the concept of entropy.
10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases present), what would be the sign of for this process? Explain your answer. The next four questions relate to the following paragraph [Frank L. Lambert, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(10), 1999, 1385]. "The movement of macro objects from one location to another by an external agent involves no change in the objects' physical (thermodynamic) entropy. The agent of movement undergoes a thermodynamic entropy increase in the process."
Limestone is predominantly CaCO3, which can undergo the reaction CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g). We know from experience that this reaction is not spontaneous, yet S for the reaction is positive. How can the second law of thermodynamics explain that this reaction is not spontaneous?
Calculate S(universe) for the decomposition of 1 mol of liquid water to form gaseous hydrogen and oxygen. Is this reaction spontaneous under standard conditions at 25 C? Explain your answer briefly.
Cells use the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP, as a source of energy. Symbolically, this reaction can be written as ATP(aq)+H2O(l)ADP(aq)+H2PO4(aq) where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate. For this reaction, G =30.5 kJ/mol. a. Calculate K at 25C. b. If all the free energy from the metabolism of glucose C6H12O6(s)+6O2(g)6CO2(g)+6H2O(l) goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose?
The deciding factor on why HF is a weak acid and not a strong acid like the other hydrogen halides is entropy. What occurs when HF dissociates in water as compared to the other hydrogen halides?
Entropy has been described as times arrow. Interpret this view of entropy.

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