A company must decide between scrapping or reworking units that do not pass inspection. The company has 13,000 defective units that have already cost $132,000 to manufacture. The units can be sold as scrap for $33,800 or reworked for $59,800 and then sold for $107,900. (a) Prepare a scrap or rework analysis of income effects. (b) Should the company sell the units as scrap or rework them? (a) Scrap or Rework Analysis Revenue from scrapped/reworked units Cost of reworked units Income Incremental income (b) The company should: $ Scrap 0 $ Rework 0
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- ZZOOM, Inc., has decided to discontinue manufacturing its Z Best model. Currently, the company has 4,600 partially completed Z Best models on hand. The government has put a recall on a particular part in the Z Best model, so each base model must now be reworked to accommodate the style of the new part. The company has spent $110 per unit to manufacture these Z Best models to their current state. Reworking each Z Best model will cost $22 for materials and $25 for direct labor. In addition, $9 of variable overhead and $34 of allocated fixed overhead (relating primarily to depreciation of plant and equipment) will be allocated per unit. If ZZOOM completes the Z Best models, it can sell them for $180 per unit. On the other hand, another manufacturer is interested in purchasing the partially completed units for $105 each and converting them into Z Plus models. Prepare a differential analysis per unit to determine if ZZOOM should complete the Z Best models or sell them in their current state.Trifecta Distributors has decided to discontinue manufacturing its X Plus model. Currently, the company has 4,600 partially completed X Plus models on hand. The government has put a recall on a particular part in the X Plus model, so each base model must now be reworked to accommodate the style of the new part. The company has spent $110 per unit to manufacture these X Plus models to their current state. Reworking each X Plus model will cost $20 for materials and $20 for direct labor. In addition, $7 of variable overhead and $32 of allocated fixed overhead (relating primarily to depreciation of plant and equipment) will be allocated per unit. Il Trifecta completes the X Plus models, it can sell them for $160 per unit. On the other hand, another manufacturer is interested in purchasing the partially completed units for $104 each and converting them into Z Plus models. Prepare a differential analysis per unit to determine if Trifecta should complete the X Plus models or sell them in their current state.Jonfran Company manufactures three different models of paper shredders including the waste container, which serves as the base. While the shredder heads are different for all three models, the waste container is the same. The number of waste containers that Jonfran will need during the following years is estimated as follows: The equipment used to manufacture the waste container must be replaced because it is broken and cannot be repaired. The new equipment would have a purchase price of 945,000 with terms of 2/10, n/30; the companys policy is to take all purchase discounts. The freight on the equipment would be 11,000, and installation costs would total 22,900. The equipment would be purchased in December 20x4 and placed into service on January 1, 20x5. It would have a five-year economic life and would be treated as three-year property under MACRS. This equipment is expected to have a salvage value of 12,000 at the end of its economic life in 20x9. The new equipment would be more efficient than the old equipment, resulting in a 25 percent reduction in both direct materials and variable overhead. The savings in direct materials would result in an additional one-time decrease in working capital requirements of 2,500, resulting from a reduction in direct material inventories. This working capital reduction would be recognized at the time of equipment acquisition. The old equipment is fully depreciated and is not included in the fixed overhead. The old equipment from the plant can be sold for a salvage amount of 1,500. Rather than replace the equipment, one of Jonfrans production managers has suggested that the waste containers be purchased. One supplier has quoted a price of 27 per container. This price is 8 less than Jonfrans current manufacturing cost, which is as follows: Jonfran uses a plantwide fixed overhead rate in its operations. If the waste containers are purchased outside, the salary and benefits of one supervisor, included in fixed overhead at 45,000, would be eliminated. There would be no other changes in the other cash and noncash items included in fixed overhead except depreciation on the new equipment. Jonfran is subject to a 40 percent tax rate. Management assumes that all cash flows occur at the end of the year and uses a 12 percent after-tax discount rate. Required: 1. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the make alternative. Calculate the NPV of the make alternative. 2. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the buy alternative. Calculate the NPV of the buy alternative. 3. Which should Jonfran domake or buy the containers? What qualitative factors should be considered? (CMA adapted)
- Verde Company reported operating costs of 50,000,000 as of December 31, 20x5, with the following environmental costs: Required: 1. Prepare an environmental cost report, classifying costs by quality category and expressing each as a percentage of total operating costs. What is the message of this report? 2. Prepare a pie chart that shows the relative distribution of environmental costs by category. What does this report tell you? 3. What if Verde deliberately did not include the cost of damaging the ecosystem because of solid waste disposal in its environmental cost report? Offer possible reasons for this decision. If consciously avoided, is this decision unethical?Pasha Company produced 50 defective units last month at a unit manufacturing cost of 30. The defective units were discovered before leaving the plant. Pasha can sell them as is for 20 or can rework them at a cost of 15 and sell them at the regular price of 50. Which of the following is not relevant to the sell-or-rework decision? a. 30 b. 20 c. 15 d. 50Regal Executive, Inc., produces executive motor coaches and currently manufactures the cent awnings that accompany them at these costs: The company received an offer from Saied Tents to produce the awnings for $3,200 per unit and supply 1,000 awnings for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the awning production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $60,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the awnings?
- Nabors Company had actual quality costs for the year ended June 30, 20x5, as given below. At the zero-defect state, Nabors expects to spend 375,000 on quality engineering, 75,000 on vendor certification, and 50,000 on packaging inspection. Assume sales to be 25,000,000. Required: 1. Prepare a long-range performance report for 20x5. What does this report tell the management of Nabors? 2. Explain why quality costs still are present for the zero-defect state. 3. What if Nabors achieves the zero-defect state reflected in the report? What are some of the implications of this achievement?One of the tennis rackets that Ace Sporting Goods manufactures is a titanium model (Slam) that sells for 149. The cost of each Slam consists of: Job 100 produced 100 Slams, of which six were spoiled and classified as seconds. Seconds are sold to discount stores for 50 each. Required: 1. Under the assumption that the loss from spoilage will be distributed to all jobs produced during the current period, use general journal entries to (a) record the costs of production, (b) put spoiled goods into inventory, and (c) record the cash sale of spoiled units. 2. Under the assumption that the loss due to spoilage will be charged to Job 100, use general journal entries to (a) record the costs of production, (b) put spoiled goods into inventory, and (c) record the cash sale of spoiled units.Clark Kent Inc. buys crypton for $.80 a gallon. At the end of processing in Dept. 1, crypton splits off into products plutonium, tantalum, and xenon. Plutonium is sold at the split-off point with no further processing. Tantalum and xenon require further processing before they can be sold. Tantalum is processed in Dept. 2, and xenon is processed in Dept. 3. Following is a summary of costs and other related data for the year ended December 31: No inventories were on hand at the beginning of the year, and no crypton was on hand at the end of the year. All gallons on hand at the end of the year were complete as to processing. Kent uses the net realizable value method of allocating joint costs. Required: Calculate the allocation of joint costs. Calculate the total cost per unit for each product. In examining the product cost reports, Lois Lane, Vice President—Marketing, notes that the per-unit cost of tantalum is greater than the selling price of $2.75 that can be received in the competitive marketplace. Lane wonders whether they should stop selling tantalum. How did Lane determine that the product was being sold at a loss? What per unit cost should be used in determining whether tantalum should be sold?
- Lloyd Industries manufactures electrical equipment from specifications received from customers. Job X10 was for 1,000 motors to be used in a specially designed electrical complex. The followingcosts were determined for each motor: At final inspection, Lloyd discovered that 33 motors did not meet the exacting specifications established by the customer. Anexamination indicated that 18 motors were beyond repair andshould be sold as spoiled goods for 75 each. The remaining15 motors, though defective, could be reconditioned as first-qualityunits by the addition of 1,650 for materials, 1,500 for labor, and1,200 for factory overhead. Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the following: 1. The scrapping of the 18 motors, with the income from spoiledgoods treated as a reduction in the manufacturing cost of thespecific job. 2. The correction of the 15 defective motors, with the additionalcost charged to the specific job. 3. The additional cost of replacing the 18 spoiled motors with newmotors. 4. The sale of the spoiled motors for 75 each. 5. If the reconditioned motors sell for 400 each, is Lloyd betteroff reconditioning the defective motors or selling them as isfor 75 as spoiled goods?A company is considering a special order for 1,000 units to be priced at 8.90 (the normal price would be 11.50). The order would require specialized materials costing 4.00 per unit. Direct labor and variable factory overhead would cost 2.15 per unit. Fixed factory overhead is 1.20 per unit. However, the company has excess capacity, and acceptance of the order would not raise total fixed factory overhead. The warehouse, however, would have to add capacity costing 1,300. Which of the following is relevant to the special order? a. 11.50 b. 1.20 c. 7.35 d. 8.90Morrill Company produces two different types of gauges: a density gauge and a thickness gauge. The segmented income statement for a typical quarter follows. Includes depreciation. The density gauge uses a subassembly that is purchased from an external supplier for 25 per unit. Each quarter, 2,000 subassemblies are purchased. All units produced are sold, and there are no ending inventories of subassemblies. Morrill is considering making the subassembly rather than buying it. Unit-level variable manufacturing costs are as follows: No significant non-unit-level costs are incurred. Morrill is considering two alternatives to supply the productive capacity for the subassembly. 1. Lease the needed space and equipment at a cost of 27,000 per quarter for the space and 10,000 per quarter for a supervisor. There are no other fixed expenses. 2. Drop the thickness gauge. The equipment could be adapted with virtually no cost and the existing space utilized to produce the subassembly. The direct fixed expenses, including supervision, would be 38,000, 8,000 of which is depreciation on equipment. If the thickness gauge is dropped, sales of the density gauge will not be affected. Required: 1. Should Morrill Company make or buy the subassembly? If it makes the subassembly, which alternative should be chosen? Explain and provide supporting computations. 2. Suppose that dropping the thickness gauge will decrease sales of the density gauge by 10 percent. What effect does this have on the decision? 3. Assume that dropping the thickness gauge decreases sales of the density gauge by 10 percent and that 2,800 subassemblies are required per quarter. As before, assume that there are no ending inventories of subassemblies and that all units produced are sold. Assume also that the per-unit sales price and variable costs are the same as in Requirement 1. Include the leasing alternative in your consideration. Now, what is the correct decision?