A company produces X, Y and Z from a raw material M. For every 100 tonnes of M put into production it obtains 50 tons of product X, 30 tons of Y and 15 tons of Z, while 5 tons goes as waste. The selling price of X, Y and Z is Rs. 40. Rs, 60 and Rs. 80 per ton. The cost of raw material M is Rs. 20 and variable processing costs are Rs. 10., Variable marketing costs are budgeted to be at the rate of 10 percent of sales value. Budgeted fixed overheads per annum are: Manufacturing - Rs. 40,000, Marketing - Rs. 30,000, and Administration - Rs. 20,000. The company intends to process 10,000 tonnes of material M in the coming year. Question 21:- Fixed Cost is Rs. a) 75000 b) 60000 90000 d) O 55000 Question 22:- Contribution is Rs. 12 per unit b 15 per unit C) 16 per unit 18 per unit Question 23:- Net Profit is Rs. a) 24000 260000 280000 300000 Question 24:- Break Even Point is Rs. 300000 b. 350000 250000 275000

A company produces X, Y and Z from a raw material M. For every 100 tonnes of M put into production it obtains 50 tons of product X, 30 tons of Y and 15 tons of Z, while 5 tons goes as waste. The selling price of X, Y and Z is Rs. 40. Rs, 60 and Rs. 80 per ton. The cost of raw material M is Rs. 20 and variable processing costs are Rs. 10., Variable marketing costs are budgeted to be at the rate of 10 percent of sales value. Budgeted fixed overheads per annum are: Manufacturing - Rs. 40,000, Marketing - Rs. 30,000, and Administration - Rs. 20,000. The company intends to process 10,000 tonnes of material M in the coming year. Question 21:- Fixed Cost is Rs. a) 75000 b) 60000 90000 d) O 55000 Question 22:- Contribution is Rs. 12 per unit b 15 per unit C) 16 per unit 18 per unit Question 23:- Net Profit is Rs. a) 24000 260000 280000 300000 Question 24:- Break Even Point is Rs. 300000 b. 350000 250000 275000

Principles of Accounting Volume 2

19th Edition

ISBN:9781947172609

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter5: Process Costing

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PB: The following product costs are available for Stellis Company on the production of erasers: direct...

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Cashion Company produces chemical mixtures for veterinary pharmaceutical companies. Its factory has four mixing lines that mix various powdered chemicals together according to specified formulas. Each line can produce up to 5,000 barrels per year. Each line has one supervisor who is paid 34,000 per year. Depreciation on equipment averages 16,000 per year. Direct materials and power cost about 4.50 per unit. Required: 1. Prepare a graph for each of these three costs: equipment depreciation, supervisors wages, and direct materials and power. Use the vertical axis for cost and the horizontal axis for units (barrels). Assume that sales range from 0 to 20,000 units. 2. Assume that the normal operating range for the company is 16,000 to 19,000 units per year. How would you classify each of the three types of cost?
Use the following information for Exercises 5-44 through 5-46: The following six situations at Diviney Manufacturing Inc. are independent. a. A manual insertion process takes 30 minutes and 8 pounds of material to produce a product. Automating the insertion process requires 15 minutes of machine time and 7.5 pounds of material. The cost per labor hour is 12, the cost per machine hour is 8, and the cost per pound of materials is 10. b. With its original design, a gear requires 8 hours of setup time. By redesigning the gear so that the number of different grooves needed is reduced by 50%, the setup time is reduced by 75%. The cost per setup hour is 50. c. A product currently requires 6 moves. By redesigning the manufacturing layout, the number of moves can be reduced from 6 to 0. The cost per move is 20. d. Inspection time for a plant is 16,000 hours per year. The cost of inspection consists of salaries of 8 inspectors, totaling 320,000. Inspection also uses supplies costing 5 per inspection hour. The company eliminated most defective components by eliminating low-quality suppliers. The number of production errors was reduced dramatically by installing a system of statistical process control. Further quality improvements were realized by redesigning the products, making them easier to manufacture. The net effect was to achieve a close to zero-defect state and eliminate the need for any inspection activity. e. Each unit of a product requires 6 components. The average number of components is 6.5 due to component failure, requiring rework and extra components. Developing relations with the right suppliers and increasing the quality of the purchased component can reduce the average number of components to 6 components per unit. The cost per component is 500. f. A plant produces 100 different electronic products. Each product requires an average of 8 components that are purchased externally. The components are different for each part. By redesigning the products, it is possible to produce the 100 products so that they all have 4 components in common. This will reduce the demand for purchasing, receiving, and paying bills. Estimated savings from the reduced demand are 900,000 per year. 5-44 Nonvalue-Added Costs Refer to the information for Diviney Manufacturing on the previous page. Required: Estimate the nonvalue-added cost for each situation.
Use the following information for Exercises 5-44 through 5-46: The following six situations at Diviney Manufacturing Inc. are independent. a. A manual insertion process takes 30 minutes and 8 pounds of material to produce a product. Automating the insertion process requires 15 minutes of machine time and 7.5 pounds of material. The cost per labor hour is 12, the cost per machine hour is 8, and the cost per pound of materials is 10. b. With its original design, a gear requires 8 hours of setup time. By redesigning the gear so that the number of different grooves needed is reduced by 50%, the setup time is reduced by 75%. The cost per setup hour is 50. c. A product currently requires 6 moves. By redesigning the manufacturing layout, the number of moves can be reduced from 6 to 0. The cost per move is 20. d. Inspection time for a plant is 16,000 hours per year. The cost of inspection consists of salaries of 8 inspectors, totaling 320,000. Inspection also uses supplies costing 5 per inspection hour. The company eliminated most defective components by eliminating low-quality suppliers. The number of production errors was reduced dramatically by installing a system of statistical process control. Further quality improvements were realized by redesigning the products, making them easier to manufacture. The net effect was to achieve a close to zero-defect state and eliminate the need for any inspection activity. e. Each unit of a product requires 6 components. The average number of components is 6.5 due to component failure, requiring rework and extra components. Developing relations with the right suppliers and increasing the quality of the purchased component can reduce the average number of components to 6 components per unit. The cost per component is 500. f. A plant produces 100 different electronic products. Each product requires an average of 8 components that are purchased externally. The components are different for each part. By redesigning the products, it is possible to produce the 100 products so that they all have 4 components in common. This will reduce the demand for purchasing, receiving, and paying bills. Estimated savings from the reduced demand are 900,000 per year. 5-45 Driver Analysis Refer to the information for Diviney Manufacturing on the previous page. Required: CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION For each situation, identify the possible root cause(s) of the activity cost (such as plant layout, process design, and product design).
Eyring Manufacturing produces a component used in its production of washing machines. The time to set up and produce a batch of the components is two days. The average daily usage is 800 components, and the maximum daily usage is 875 components. Required: Compute the reorder point assuming that safety stock is carried by Eyring Manufacturing. How much safety stock is carried by Eyring?
Production run size and activity improvement Littlejohn, Inc. manufactures machined parts for the automotive industry. The activity cost associated with Part XX-10 is as follows: Activity Activity-Base Usage Activity Rate = Activity Cost Fabrication 250 dlh 80per dlh 20,000 Setup 10 setups 80 per setup 800 Production control 10 prod, runs 30 per prod, run 300 Moving 10 moves 25 per move 250 Total activity cost per unit 21,350 Estimated units of production 500 Activity cost per unit 42.70 Each unit requires 30 minutes of fabrication direct labor. Moreover, part XX-10 is manufactured in production run sizes of 50 units. Each production run is set up, scheduled (production control), and moved as a batch of 50 units. Management is considering improvements in the setup, production control, and moving activities in order to cut the production run sizes by half. As a result, the number of setups, production runs, and mows will double from 10 to 20. Such improvements are expected to speed the companys ability to respond to customer orders. Setup is reengineered so that it takes 60% of the original cost per setup. Production control software will allow production control effort and cost per production run to decline by 60%. Moving distance was reduced by 40%, thus reducing the cost per mow by the same amount. A. Determine the revised activity cost per unit under the proposed changes. B. Did these improvements reduce the activity cost per unit? C. What cost per unit for setup would be required for the solution in (A) to equal the base solution?
In 20x2, Choctaw Company implements a new process affecting labor and materials. The following reported data are provided to evaluate the effect on the companys productivity: Required: 1. Calculate the productivity profile for 20x1. 2. Calculate the productivity profile for 20x2, and comment on the effect of the new production and assembly process. 3. What if the labor hours used in 20x2 were 112,500? What does comparison of the 20x1 and 20x2 profiles now communicate?
What is the conversion cost to manufacture insulated travel cups if the costs are: direct materials, $17,000; direct labor, $33,000; and manufacturing overhead, $70,000? A. $16,000 B. $50,000 C. $103,000 D. $120000
Corazon Manufacturing Company has a purchasing department staffed by five purchasing agents. Each agent is paid 28,000 per year and is able to process 4,000 purchase orders. Last year, 17,800 purchase orders were processed by the five agents. Required: 1. Calculate the activity rate per purchase order. 2. Calculate, in terms of purchase orders, the: a. total activity availability b. unused capacity 3. Calculate the dollar cost of: a. total activity availability b. unused capacity 4. Express total activity availability in terms of activity capacity used and unused capacity. 5. What if one of the purchasing agents agreed to work half time for 14,000? How many purchase orders could be processed by four and a half purchasing agents? What would unused capacity be in purchase orders?
Self-Construction Olson Machine Company manufactures small and large milling machines. Selling prices of these machines range from 35,000 to 200,000. During the 5-month period from August 1, 2019, through December 31, 2019, Olson manufactured a milling machine for its own use. This machine was built as part of the regular production activities. The project required a large amount of time front planning and supervisory personnel, as well as that of some of the companys officers, because it was a more sophisticated type of machine than the regular production models. Throughout the 5-month period, Olson charged all costs directly associated with the construction of the machine to a special account entitled Asset Construction Account. An analysis of the charges to this account as of December 31, 2019, follows: Olson allocates factory overhead to normal production as a percent of direct labor dollars as follows: Olson uses a flat rate of 40% of direct labor dollars to allocate general and administrative overhead. During the machine testing period, a cutter head malfunctioned and did extensive damage to the machine table and one cutter housing. This damage was not anticipated and was the result of an error in the assembly operation. Although no additional raw materials were needed to make the machine operational after the accident, the following labor for rework was required: Olson has included all these labor charges in the asset construction account. In addition, it included in the account the repairs and maintenance charges of 1,340 that it incurred as a result of the malfunction. Required: 1. Compute, consistent with GAAP and common practice, the amount that Olson should capitalize for the milling machine as of December 31, 2019, when it declares the machine operational. 2. Next Level Identify the costs you included in Requirement 1 for which there are acceptable alternative procedures. Describe the alternative procedure(s) in each case.
Harriman Industries manufactures engines for the aerospace industry. It has completed manufacturing the first unit of the new ZX-9 engine design. Management believes that the 1,000 labor hours required to complete this unit are reasonable and is prepared to go forward with the manufacture of additional units. An 80 percent cumulative average-time learning curve model for direct labor hours is assumed to be valid. Data on costs are as follows: Required: 1. Set up a table with columns for cumulative number of units, cumulative average time per unit in hours, and the cumulative total time in hours. Complete the table for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units. (Round hours to one significant digit.) 2. What are the total variable costs of producing 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units? What is the variable cost per unit for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units?
Use the following information for Exercises 5-44 through 5-46: The following six situations at Diviney Manufacturing Inc. are independent. a. A manual insertion process takes 30 minutes and 8 pounds of material to produce a product. Automating the insertion process requires 15 minutes of machine time and 7.5 pounds of material. The cost per labor hour is 12, the cost per machine hour is 8, and the cost per pound of materials is 10. b. With its original design, a gear requires 8 hours of setup time. By redesigning the gear so that the number of different grooves needed is reduced by 50%, the setup time is reduced by 75%. The cost per setup hour is 50. c. A product currently requires 6 moves. By redesigning the manufacturing layout, the number of moves can be reduced from 6 to 0. The cost per move is 20. d. Inspection time for a plant is 16,000 hours per year. The cost of inspection consists of salaries of 8 inspectors, totaling 320,000. Inspection also uses supplies costing 5 per inspection hour. The company eliminated most defective components by eliminating low-quality suppliers. The number of production errors was reduced dramatically by installing a system of statistical process control. Further quality improvements were realized by redesigning the products, making them easier to manufacture. The net effect was to achieve a close to zero-defect state and eliminate the need for any inspection activity. e. Each unit of a product requires 6 components. The average number of components is 6.5 due to component failure, requiring rework and extra components. Developing relations with the right suppliers and increasing the quality of the purchased component can reduce the average number of components to 6 components per unit. The cost per component is 500. f. A plant produces 100 different electronic products. Each product requires an average of 8 components that are purchased externally. The components are different for each part. By redesigning the products, it is possible to produce the 100 products so that they all have 4 components in common. This will reduce the demand for purchasing, receiving, and paying bills. Estimated savings from the reduced demand are 900,000 per year. 5-46 Type of Activity Management Refer to the information for Diviney Manufacturing on the previous page. Required: For each situation, identify the cost reduction measure: activity elimination, activity reduction, activity sharing, or activity selection.
Zippy Inc. manufactures a fuel additive, Surge, which has a stable selling price of 44 per drum. The company has been producing and selling 80,000 drums per month. In connection with your examination of Zippys financial statements for the year ended September 30, management has asked you to review some computations made by Zippys cost accountant. Your working papers disclose the following about the companys operations: Standard costs per drum of product manufactured: Materials: Costs and expenses during September: Chemicals: 645,000 gallons purchased at a cost of 1,140,000; 600,000 gallons used. Empty drums: 94,000 purchased at a cost of 94,000; 80,000 drums used. Direct labor: 81,000 hours worked at a cost of 816,480. Factory overhead: 768,000. Required: Calculate the following for September, using the formulas on pages 421422 and 424 (Round unit costs to the nearest whole cent and compute the materials variances for both Surge and for the drums.): 1. Materials quantity variance. 2. Materials purchase price variance. 3. Labor efficiency variance. 4. Labor rate variance.