a) Identify the type of market failure illustrated by the graph. Explain. b) Using the numbers on the graph, identify the market equilibrium price and quantity. c) Using the labeling on the graph, identify the area representing the deadweight loss at the quantity identified in part (b). d) Suppose the government is considering granting a subsidy to correct the market failure. What is the dollar value of the per-unit subsidy that would achieve the socially optimal quantity? e) Suppose the government does not grant the subsidy and instead imposes a price floor at $8. (i) How many units will consumers and producers exchange at the price floor? (ii) Does the price floor correct the market failure? Explain.

a) Identify the type of market failure illustrated by the graph. Explain. b) Using the numbers on the graph, identify the market equilibrium price and quantity. c) Using the labeling on the graph, identify the area representing the deadweight loss at the quantity identified in part (b). d) Suppose the government is considering granting a subsidy to correct the market failure. What is the dollar value of the per-unit subsidy that would achieve the socially optimal quantity? e) Suppose the government does not grant the subsidy and instead imposes a price floor at $8. (i) How many units will consumers and producers exchange at the price floor? (ii) Does the price floor correct the market failure? Explain.

Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337091992

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter10: Externalities

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3PA: Greater consumption of alcohol leads to more motor vehicle accidents and, thus, imposes costs on...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Show the market for cigarettes in equilibrium, assuming that there are no laws banning smoking in public. Label the equilibrium private market price and quantity as Pm and Qm. Add whatever is needed to the model to show the impact of the negative externality from second-hand smoking. (Hint: In this case it is the consumers, not the sellers, who are creating the negative externality.) Label the social optimal output and price as Fe and Qe. On the graph, shade in the deadweight loss at the market output.
Classify the following pollution-control policies as command-and-control or market incentive based. A state emissions tax on the quantity of carbon emitted by each firm. The federal government requires domestic auto companies to improve car emissions by 2020. The EPA sets national standards for water quality. A city sells permits to films that allow them to emit a specified quantity of pollution. The federal government pays fishermen to preserve salmon.
Assume that the marginal private costs of a film producing fuel-efficient can; is greater than the marginal social costs. Assume that the marginal private benefits of a firm producing fuel efficient cars are the same as the marginal social benefits. Discuss one wags.r that the government cans ï¬‚y to increase production and sales of fuel efficient cars to the socially desirable amount. Hint: the government is flying to affect production through costs, net benefits.
A country called Sherwood is very heavily covered with a forest of 50,000 trees. There are proposals to clear some of Sherwoods forest and grow com, but obtaining this additional economic output will have an environmental cost from reducing the number of trees. Table 12.11 shows possible combinations of economic output and environmental protection. Sketch a graph of a production possibility frontier with environmental quality on the horizontal axis, measured by the number of trees, and the quantity of economic output, measured in corn, on the vertical axis. Which choices display productive efficiency? How can you tell? Which choices show allocative efficiency? How can you tell? In the choice between T and R, decide which one is better. Why? In the choice between T and S, can you say which one is better, and why? If you had to guess, which choice would you think is more likely to represent a command-and-control environmental policy and which choice is more likely to represent a market-oriented environmental policy, choice Q or S? Why?
In the Land of Purity, there is only one form of pollution, called gunk. Table 12.14 shows possible combinations of economic output and reduction of gunk, depending on what kinds of environmental regulations you choose. Sketch a graph of a production possibility frontier with environmental quality on the horizontal axis, measured by the percentage reduction of gunk, and with the quantity of economic output on the vertical axis. Which choices display productive efficiency? How can you tell? Which choices show allocative efficiency? How can you tell? In the choice between K and L, can you say which one is better and why? In the choice between K. and N, can you say which one is better, and why? If you had to guess, which choice would you think is move likely to represent a command-and-control environmental policy and which choice is more likely to represent a market-oriented environmental policy, choice L or M? Why?
Suppose that Sonys R. Is this a private or social benefit?