A monopolist earns $60 million annually and will maintain that level of profit indefinitely provided no other firm enters the market. If another firm successfully enters the market, the incumbent's profits remain at $60 million the first period but fall to $40 million annually thereafter. The opportunity cost of funds is 10 percent, and profits in each period are realized at the beginning of each period. What is the present value of the firm's current and future earnings if the entry occurs? Multiple Choice $460 million $750 million $450 million $550 million
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- How can a monopolist identify the profit-maximizing level of output if it knows its total revenue and total cost curves?A monopolist earns $40 million annually and will maintain that level of profit indefinitely, provided that no other firm enters the market. However, if another firm enters the market, the monopolist will earn $40 million in the current period and $22 million annually thereafter. The opportunity cost of funds is 15 percent, and profits in each period are realized at the beginning of each period. a. What is the present value of the monopolist’s current and future earnings if entry occurs?Instruction: Enter your response rounded to the nearest penny (two decimal places).$ millionb. If the monopolist can earn $27 million indefinitely by limit pricing, should it do so?True/False 1. In a principal-agent relationship between owner and manager with hidden e§ort, the owner can design a wage scheme that insures the optimal Örst best e§ort by the manager regardless of the risk aversion of the manager. Justify your answer. 2. Consider a monopoly that faces an inverse demand curve and has a linear cost function. The monopoly would be indi§erent when maximizing proÖts between either choosing quantities or choosing prices. 3. A multiproduct Örm that as monopoly power over several products sets lower prices than separate Örms (each controlling a single product) when the products are substitutes or when there are economies of scope. 4. In the dominant Örm model (‡ la Hotelling) an increase in the marginal cost of the dominant Örm (with constant marginal costs) implies that proÖts necessarily decrease. 5. Suppose that an industry has 10 Örms where the market shares are ordered from the most to the least dominant Örm f0:5; 0:37; 0:05; 0:03; 0:02; 0:01;…
- Many schemes for price discrintination involve somecosL For example, discount coupons take up the timeand resources of both the buyer and the seller. Thisquestion considers the implications of costly pricediscrimination. To keep things simple, let's assumethat our monopolist's production costs arc simplyproportional to output so that average total cost andmarginal cost arc constant and equal to each other.CHAPTER 15 MONOPOLY 317a. Draw the cost., demand, and marginal-revenuecurves for the monopolist. Show the pricethe monopolist would charge without pricediscrimination.b. ln your diagram, mark the area equal to the mernopolist's prolit and call it X. Mark the area equalto consumer surplus and call it Y. Mark the areaequal to the deadweight loss and call it Z.c. Now suppose that the monopolist can perfectlyprice discriminate. What is the monopolist'sprofit? (Give your answer in terms of X, Y, and Z.)d. What is the change in the monopolist's prolit fromprice discrimination? What is the…Suppose we are studying the long-run competitive market for robots, the market demand for robots isgiven byD(p)=24p. All the firms are identical with the following cost curveC(y)=y22+8. a)What is the long-run competitive market equilibrium? Rick is a single consumer in the market; his consumption of robots is given byDi(p)=Mp, whereMis his fixed income. Rick is also a government regulator for the robot market; he decides if themarket is competitive or a monopoly.Morty is a firm in the market (he faces the same cost curve as everyone else:C(y)=y22+8). Mortywould like to operate as a monopolist (instead of a firm in a competitive market). b)How much would Morty have to pay/compensate Rick in order for Rick to allow Morty to operateas a monopolist (The market demand curve is the same as part a))? c)Suppose instead this was an oligopoly market with 2 firms engaged in Bertrand competition; bothfirms face the same cost curve and demand curve as part a). How much…Suppose a monopoly market has a demand function in whichquantity demanded depends not only on market price (P) butalso on the amount of advertising the firm does (A, measuredin dollars). The specific form of this function isQ =(20 - P2) (1 + 0.1A - 0.01A2).The monopolistic firm’s cost function is given byC = 10Q + 15 + A.a. Suppose there is no advertising (A = 0). What outputwill the profit-maximizing firm choose? What market price will this yield? What will be the monopoly’sprofits?b. Now let the firm also choose its optimal level of advertising expenditure. In this situation, what output levelwill be chosen? What price will this yield? What will thelevel of advertising be? What are the firm’s profits in thiscase? Hint: This can be worked out most easily by assuming the monopoly chooses the profit-maximizing pricerather than quantity.
- Suppose both a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm are producing in theirrespective markets at a point where marginal cost is $8 and marginal revenue is $10. Whatshould the profit-maximizing firms do? Group of answer choices Both the monopolist and the perfectly competitive firm should increase output until MC= MR. The monopolist should keep producing at this level but the perfectly competitive firmshould decrease output until MC = MR. The monopolist should increase output but the perfectly competitive firm should shutdown. Both the monopolist and the perfectly competitive firm should decrease output until MC= MR.A social cost is applied to the monopolist market structure. Why does thisoccur? If the gains producers achieve from being a monopolist are provided toconsumers, would the social cost of the monopolist be eliminated?Many schemes for price discrimination involvesome cost. For example, discount coupons take upthe time and resources of both the buyer and theseller. This question considers the implications ofcostly price discrimination. To keep things simple,let’s assume that our monopolist’s production costsare simply proportional to output so that averagetotal cost and marginal cost are constant and equalto each other.a. Draw the cost, demand, and marginal-revenuecurves for the monopolist. Show the pricethe monopolist would charge without pricediscrimination.b. In your diagram, mark the area equal to themonopolist’s profit and call it X. Mark thearea equal to consumer surplus and call it Y.Mark the area equal to the deadweight loss andcall it Z.c. Now suppose that the monopolist can perfectlyprice discriminate. What is the monopolist’sprofit? (Give your answer in terms of X, Y,and Z.)d. What is the change in the monopolist’s profit fromprice discrimination? What is the change in totalsurplus from…
- Are the following questions true or false? (A). A profit‐maximizing monopolist will produce output where marginal cost is equal to price(B). Suppose we know that a monopolist is maximizing profits. The monopolist has maximizedthe difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost.(C) In perfect competition, MUX = PX is the condition that ensures that firms produce the rightthings.(D). A monopoly earns total revenue of $5000 when it sells 500 units of output and totalrevenue of $5400 when it sells 600 units of output. Thus, the marginal revenue of the600th unit is $9.(E). We call a market where there is only one buyer for a good or service a monopoly.(F). There are a few firms selling differentiated products in a monopolistically competitiveindustry.(G). When a demand curve is a downward sloping straight line, the slope of the marginalrevenue curve is twice as steep as the demand curve.(H). The monopolistʹs profit-maximizing price will be above marginal cost, because at the…Exercise 5. You are the manager for a monopoly with costs, demand, and marginal revenueas in the graph at the top on Figure 1. a. Suppose economic conditions change in such a way that the demand curve for yourcompany shifts left.b. Draw a demand curve on the bottom graph on Figure 1 that leads to zero economicprofits.c. Draw a demand curve on the bottom graph on Figure 1 such that any furtherleftward demand shift will cause you to shutdown.A monopolist earns $30 million annually and will maintain that level of profit indefinitely, provided that no other firm enters the market. However, if another firm enters the market, the monopolist will earn $30 million in the current period and $15 million annually thereafter. The opportunity cost of funds is 10 percent, and profits in each period are realized at the beginning of each period. a. What is the present value of the monopolist’s current and future earnings if entry occurs? b. If the monopolist can earn $16 million indefinitely by limit pricing, should it do so? Explain.