A researcher is investigating the effect of acupuncture treatment for chronic back pain. A sample of n = 4 participants is obtained from a pain clinic. Each individual ranks the current level of pain and then begins a 8-week treatment. At the end of the program, the pain level is rated again. For this sample, pain level decreased by an average MD = -4.5 points with SS = 27. Can you conclude that acupuncture treatment significantly reduces back pain? Use α = .05.

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
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ISBN:9780079039897
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Chapter4: Equations Of Linear Functions
Section4.5: Correlation And Causation
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A researcher is investigating the effect of acupuncture treatment for chronic back pain. A sample of n = 4 participants is obtained from a pain clinic. Each individual ranks the current level of pain and then begins a 8-week treatment. At the end of the program, the pain level is rated again. For this sample, pain level decreased by an average MD = -4.5 points with SS = 27. Can you conclude that acupuncture treatment significantly reduces back pain? Use α = .05. 

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