A simple macro-economic model is given by Y = C+1+G C = 10 + 0.4Yd | = 25+ 0.2Y Yd = Y -T T= 10 + 0.1Y G = 20 By eliminating G ,T & Yd from the equations, reduce the system to three equations in three unknown and hence use Cramer's rule to find the equilibrium values of Y, C, I. Is there any government budget deficit?
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- Course: Macroeconomic - IS-LM Model Prove mathematically the following: Given an increase in the proportional tax on income(t), what happens to the level of output and to the tax?" . Hint: for demostration, use the IS general function for a closed economy Y = C + I + G, where C = a + c*YD and YD = Y + TR - Y*t (where t = proportional income tax) and realize changes i.e., from "t1" to "t2"Consider an economy called Xanadu for which desired aggregate consumptiondepends on income, Y. and the real interest rate, r, according toCd =100+0.7Y - 200r.Xanadu's GDP is Y = 1000 and government spending on goods and services is G=180. Xanadu's desired future capital stock is given byK* = 140 - 100ucwhere luCdenotes the user-cost of capital. The price of capital is PK =2, thephysical depreciation rate is d =0.1 and the existing capital stock is K0= 50. Trapital stock between any period t and the following period t+1 evolves accordng toKt+1 = It+(1-d)Kt where It the level of investment. Assume throughout that net factor payments from abroad (NFP) is equal to zero.Suppose instead that Xanadu is a small open economy facing a world interest rate of 1%. It follows that Xanadu's current account position is equal toA) -16B) -51C) -6D) -8arrow_forward Question Asked Aug 18, 2020 25 views Consider the following model of an economy operating with fixed wages, prices and interest rates and hasexcess capacity. Adsume all figures are I Zambian kwacha. C=100+0.8yd, T=100+25Y, G=980 and I= 500 Where c is consumption, yd is disposable income, T is taxes net of transformers, G is government spending on goods and services and I is investments. Is the government running a surplus or deficit Show the impact of a reduction in government spending by 80 on the equilibrium level of national income Illustrate your new equilibrium in the same Keynesian cross diagram
- A country’s GDP is defined by the following equation: GDP = Consumer Spending + Investmentspending. The economy of this country is closed and there’s no government. Investment spendingis defined by the following equation: Investment Spending = Investment (planned) + Investment(unplanned). Investment (planned) is fixed at 350. Consumer spending is defined by thefollowing equation: Consumer spending = 200 + 0.55 (GDP). And for this country, PlannedExpenditure = Consumer Spending + Investment Planned. Based on this information, attempt thefollowing questions:a. “Investment (unplanned) will be negative if GDP is 900” – showing work, test theauthenticity of this statement. b. How do you think GDP (and production) will change if the income of this country is 1500?Explain by deriving Investment (unplanned) for an income of 1500. c. Derive the GDP for which Planned Expenditure = GDP. d. Supposed Investment (planned) was increased to 450. How will income-expenditureequilibrium change. e. Relate…Given the following consumption function, C = 400 + 0.75YD,where C= consumption expenditure, YD = disposable income, Investment= $1200, Government spending = $1600,Exports = $500, Imports = $600, Taxes = $1200 and Potential GDP = $9000Choose corrcct optiona) Aactual output is less than potential outputb) actual output is zeroc) actual output is equal to potential outputd) actual output is higher than potential outputWhen comparing National with Regional Input-Output models, the issue of “leakages” often comes up. what is a “leakage? Also explain the impact that a leakage has on an economy’s multipliers and what this means for measure of economic impact
- In our construction of the savings and investment model, weconsidered government spending to be immediate spending. In otherwords, there was no “investment” component to government spending.Let’s change up that assumption. Suppose government spending comesin two types: investment spending (new airports, for example) aswell as government consumption (snow plowing, for example). Callthe first GI and the second GCE.Consider the following model of an economy operating with fixed wages, prices and interest rates and hasexcess capacity. Adsume all figures are I Zambian kwacha. C=100+0.8yd, T=100+25Y, G=980 and I= 500 Where c is consumption, yd is disposable income, T is taxes net of transformers, G is government spending on goods and services and I is investments. A. Calculate the equilibrium level of national income B. Illustrate your equilibrium in the keyneasian cross diagran C. What is the value of the multiplier D. Is governnent running a surplus or a deficit E. Show the impact of a reduction in government spending by 80 on the equilibrium level of national income F. Illustrate your new equilibrium in the same Keynesian cross diagram as in b.We again assume asimple closed economy with GDP of 100 and:c0(autonomous consumption) = 20c1 (marginal propensity to consume) = 0.6I (investment) = 20.a) Now assume that c0falls by 5 (i.e. 5% of GDP), i.e. for any given level of output,consumption will fall by 5. Show the implied fall in the AD function in yourdiagram and show that output will fall by more than 5.b) Show that the multiplier is equal to 2.5, and hence that, in the new equilibrium,output will have fallen by 12.5 (i.e. by 12.5%)c) How big would the impact be if, say, c1 = 0.4 or c1 = 0.8? Explain the difference.
- . Consider the macroeconomic model of a two-sector economy (i.e. no government or trade) using standard notation. Assume that the consumption function is linear, i.e. of the form: C = a +bY . It is known that when ? = 110, the value of consumption, C , is equal to 160.8, and that when ? = 170, the value of C is 207.6. (a) Determine the consumption function and derive the savings ( S ) function for the model. What is the marginal propensity to consume? (b) Determine the equilibrium level of national income when planned investment ? = 255.Consider an economy in which the consumption, investment and production functions are as follows.C = 90 + 0:7(Y - T)I = 250 - 20r F(K;L) = AK1=2L1=2The capital and labor supply are equal to 100 each, A=10, G = 200 and T = 200. Compute theequilibrium values of output, overall labor income, consumption, public savings, national savings,investment, and the interest rate.Suppose now government spending decreases to G=100 (everything else stays the same). Whathappens to output, consumption, savings, investment and the interest rate? Compute the newvalues for these variables.I have to analyze, using the IS-LM model, the macroeconomiceffects of an increase in savings in the short term and its implications for long-term growth. Specifically, I have to suppose that households (consumers) lose confidence and start saving more for any level of disposable income. Can you plase answer the following question (using graphs where possible): In terms of total savings and, therefore, of potential long-term growth, is a flat LM curve or a positive sloping LM curve better?