A) The hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.510 M nitrous acid is [OH']=| М. B) The pOH of an aqueous solution of 0.373 M nitrous acid is C) In the laboratory a student measures the percent ionization of a 0.415 M solution of benzoic acid , C,H;COOH to be 1.19 %. Calculate value of K, from this experimental data. Ką =|

A) The hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.510 M nitrous acid is [OH']=| М. B) The pOH of an aqueous solution of 0.373 M nitrous acid is C) In the laboratory a student measures the percent ionization of a 0.415 M solution of benzoic acid , C,H;COOH to be 1.19 %. Calculate value of K, from this experimental data. Ką =|

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337399074

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter16: Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: The Chemistry Of Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 127SCQ

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The images below represent solutions of two acids, HX and HY. (H2O is omitted for clarity.) Which is the stronger acid? Which is the stronger base? Given the equilibrium reaction: HX+Y−⇌X−+HY If equal volumes of 1.0 M HX, 1.0 M Y-, 1.0 M HY, and 1.0 M X- solutions are mixed together, in which direction will the reaction occur?
The hypochlorite ion, ClO-, acts as a weak base. When ClO- acts as a base, which atom, Cl or O, acts as the proton acceptor?
Acetic acid is a weak acid, meaning it does not fully dissociate in water. Instead, there is an equilibrium between the dissolved but undissociated molecule and the component ions: HOAc (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + OAc– (aq)OAc– is an abbreviation for the acetate ion, CH3COO–, and H3O+ is the hydronium ion (lone protons, H+ (aq), do not exist!). (d) When starting with completely un-dissociated acetic acid, is it accurate to assume that [HOAc]0 = [HOAc]eq? Why or why not? (e) A highly concentrated acetic acid solution contains 15.0M acetic acid at equilibrium. What are the equilibrium concentrations of the hydronium and acetate ions in this solution? (f) Creating the concentrated acetic acid solution by dissolving liquid HOAc in water raises the temperature of the water by about 5°C from room temperature. At 50°C, do you expect the solution to contain more or less acetate ion OAc– than what you calculated in (c)? Why?
(a) Acid rain is no threat to lakes in areas where the rock is limestone (calcium carbonate), which can neutralize the acid. Wherethe rock is granite, however, no neutralization occurs. How does limestone neutralize acid? (b) Acidic water can be treated withbasic substances to increase the pH, although such a procedure is usually only a temporary cure. Calculate the minimum mass oflime, CaO, needed to adjust the pH of a small lake (V = 4 x 109 L) from 5.0 to 6.5. Why might more lime be needed?
Does pH (H+/OH-balance) affect the movement of Polident molecules in solutions? Does Polident contain acidic or basic ingredients? How will the Polident ingredients interacts with the H+/OH- balance in the different pH solutions?
The Ksp of aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, is 2 × 10−31. What pH is required to limit the Al3+ concentration to less than or equal to 1 × 10−10 M?
NH3 is a weak base. It ionizes in water to produce NH4+ and OH-. Its Kb = 1.8  10-5 and Kw = 1  10-14 at 25oC. Please complete following tasks for a solution of 0.0500 M NH3 (aq) at 25oC. (a) ionization % of NH3, (b) pH of this solution, (c) concentration of OH- ; and (d) concentration of NH4+
The hydronium ion concentration of vinegar is approximately 4 × 10−3 M. What are the corresponding values of pOH and pH?
. The odor of spoiled butter is due in part to butanoic acid (HC4H7O2) which results from the breakdown of the fat in butter. A 0.100M solution of butanoic acid is 1.23% ionized. Write the chemical equation for the ionization of this acid in water. Write the Ka expression for this acid. What is the equilibrium concentration of each product and the reactant?
Palmitic Acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, found in both bacon fat and many soaps. Palmitic acid partially ionizes in water. Write a balanced chemical reaction for the dissociation of palmitic acid into its conjugate base and hydrogen ion. Write an expression for the equilibrium constant for palmitic acid. The equilibrium concentrations are [CH3(CH2)14COOH] = 0.1 M and [H+] = [CH3COO-] = 0.0133352 M. Calculate the equilibrium constant of ionization KA. Calculate the pKA of palmitic acid. Draw (by hand) the titration curve for palmitic acid. Please label your axes appropriately.
The ionization constant of lactic acid, CH3CH(OH)CO2H, an acid found in the blood after strenuous exercise, is 1.36 × 10−4. If 20.0 g of lactic acid is used to make a solution with a volume of 1.00 L, what is the concentration of hydronium ion in the solution?
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