An antibody (Ab) can bind to its antigen binding site (B) with a high affinity (large negative AG°). The antibody and the antigen are mixed at low concentrations and allowed to reach equilibrium. The concentrations measured are [Ab] = 1 nM, [B] = 40 nM, and [Ab-B] = 30 nM, for the equilibrium Ab +B= Ab-B. A. What is the equilibrium constant (association constant), Ka, in M1? B. What is Kd = 1/Ka in nM? C. What is AG° in kgT/molecule? Use the equation AG° = –kgTln(Ka) = kgTln(Ka)

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Chapter23: Enzymes
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An antibody (Ab) can bind to its
antigen binding site (B) with a high affinity (large negative AGO). The
antibody and the antigen are mixed at low concentrations and allowed to
reach equilibrium. The concentrations measured are [Ab] = 1 nM, [B] = 40
%3D
nM, and [Ab-B] = 30 nM, for the equilibrium Ab + B= Ab-B.
A. What is the equilibrium constant (association constant), Ką, in M1?
B. What is Kd = 1/K, in nM?
C. What is AG° in kgT/molecule? Use the equation
AG° = -kgTln(Ka) = kgTln(Ka)
D. Imagine that this binding were due entirely to hydrogen bonds.
Referring to question 3C above, how many hydrogen bonds would form
between Ab and B upon binding?
E. If you were going to manufacture a coronavirus test kit with an antibody
that tightly binds to an antigen found in the virus, would you want the
antibody/antigen binding to have a Ka in the nM, µM, or mM range?
Why?
Transcribed Image Text:An antibody (Ab) can bind to its antigen binding site (B) with a high affinity (large negative AGO). The antibody and the antigen are mixed at low concentrations and allowed to reach equilibrium. The concentrations measured are [Ab] = 1 nM, [B] = 40 %3D nM, and [Ab-B] = 30 nM, for the equilibrium Ab + B= Ab-B. A. What is the equilibrium constant (association constant), Ką, in M1? B. What is Kd = 1/K, in nM? C. What is AG° in kgT/molecule? Use the equation AG° = -kgTln(Ka) = kgTln(Ka) D. Imagine that this binding were due entirely to hydrogen bonds. Referring to question 3C above, how many hydrogen bonds would form between Ab and B upon binding? E. If you were going to manufacture a coronavirus test kit with an antibody that tightly binds to an antigen found in the virus, would you want the antibody/antigen binding to have a Ka in the nM, µM, or mM range? Why?
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