4. An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from 0.500 m³ to 1.25 m³ at a constant tempera-ture of 675 K. If the initial pressure is 1.00 ×10° Pa,3(a) find the work done on the gas,(b) find the thermal energy transfer Q,(c) determine the change in internal energy.

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University Physics Volume 2

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Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics

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Problem 76P: (a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial...

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A gas in a cylindrical closed container is adiabatically and quasi-statically expanded from a state A (3 MPa, 2 L) to a state B with volume of 6 L along the path 1.8pV= constant. (a) Plot the path in the pV plane. (b) Find the amount of work done by the gas and the change in the internal energy of the gas during the process.
If a gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statements is true? (a) Energy is transferred into the gas by heat. (b) No work is done on the gas. (c) The temperature of the gas increases, (d) The internal energy of the gas remains constant, (e) None of those statements is true.
(a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas? Use =5/3 for the gas. (b) In an isothermal process, an ideal gas expands from a of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature were 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas?
One mole of an ideal gas does 3 000 J of work on its surroundings as it expands isothermally to a final pressure of 1.00 atm and volume of 25.0 L. Determine (a) the initial volume and (b) the temperature of the gas.
An ideal gas initially at 300 K undergoes an isobaric expansion at 2.50 kPa. If the volume increases from 1.00 m3 to 3.00 m3 and 12.5 kJ is transferred to the gas by heat, what are (a) the change in its internal energy and (b) its final temperature?
An ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume by means of several possible processes. Which of the following processes results in the most work done on the gas? (a) isothermal (b) adiabatic (c) isobaric (d) The work done is independent of the process.
Compare the charge in internal energy of an ideal gas for a quasi-static adiabatic expansion with that for a quasi-static isothermal expansion. What happens to the temperature of an ideal gas in an adiabatic expansion?
There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process since the internal energy depends only on the temperature. Is it therefore correct to say that an isothermal process is the same as an adiabatic process for an ideal gas? Explain your answer. `
In a cylinder, a sample of an ideal gas with number of moles n undergoes an adiabatic process. (a) Starting with the expression W=PdV and using the condition PV = constant, show that the work done on the gas is W=(11)(PfVfPiVi) (b) Starting with the first law of thermodynamics, show that the work done on the gas is equal to nCV(Tf Ti). (c) Are these two results consistent with each other? Explain.
The arrow OA in the PV diagram shown in Figure OQ22.11 represents a reversible adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas. The same sample of gas, starting from the same state O. now undergoes an adiabatic free expansion to the same final volume. What point on the diagram could represent the final state of the gas? (a) the same point A as for the reversible expansion (b) point B (c) point C (d) any of those choices (e) none of those choices
It is found that, when a dilute gas expands quasi-statically from 0.50 to 4.0 L, it does 250 J of work. Assuming that the gas temperature remains constant at 300 K, how many moles of gas are present?
Under what circumstances would you expect a gas to behave significantly differently than predicted by the ideal gas law?

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An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from 0.500 m³ to 1.25 m³ at a constant tempera- ture of 675 K. If the initial pressure is 1.00 ×10° Pa, (a) find the work done on the gas, (b) find the thermal energy transfer Q, (c) determine the change in internal energy.