Anecdotal evidence suggests that some insurance companies in Germany advertise specifically to certain groups. This is an example of high-risk customers. in order to attract low-risk customers and avoid Risk rating Adverse selection Risk selection O Moral hazard
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- Would this be d? Dan, age 19, may have trouble buying auto insurance at a low price because insurance companies a)operate in markets in which screening is inefficient. b)fear that he has private information that his deductible is too high. c)have private information that his signals are valid. d)have private information that he is a risky driver. e)fear that he has private information that he is a risky driver.Suppose in a given state's new insurance marketplace, with community rating and no restrictions on who can buy at the community rate, the risk pool (distribution of expected health costs) is as follows: 30% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $1,000 (per year)65% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $2,0005% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $10,000 Now suppose one insurer, and one insurer only, were allowed to offer any premium it wanted to any potential buyer and to exclude those it did not want to cover? What premium would they likely charge and who would they sell to and who would they exclude? What would happen to the other insurers? Does this help you see why the ACA was written to apply to all insurers?Provide an intuitive discussion of how adverse selection affects the used-car market. Describe one potential signal that can help alleviate the problem of adverse selection in this market and discuss how this signal satisfies the two necessary assumptions for it to be used as a credible signal.
- In order to remain competitive, insurance companies must successfully address: A. Adverse Selection B. Moral Hazard C. Accurate underwriting (pricing of risk) D. All of the above E. None of the aboveScenario 2 Tess and Lex earn $40,000 per year and all earnings are spent on consumption (c). Tess and Lex both have the utility function (sqrt c) . Both could experience an adverse event that results in earnings of $0 per year. Tess has a 1% chance of experiencing an adverse event and Lex has a 12% chance of experiencing an adverse event. Tess and Lex are both aware of their risk of an adverse event. Refer to Scenario 2 Suppose that insurance companies do not know specific probabilities of adverse events for Tess or Lex, but do know the average probability of an adverse event. If they assumed that both Tess and Lex purchase full insurance, what is the actuarially fair premium charged? Round to two decimal placesActuaries perform the crucial task of estimating the time paths and probability distributions of costs and revenues for different insurance contracts. Becoming an actuary takes several years, and involves passing a series of rigorous examinations given either by the Society of Actuaries or by the Casualty Actuarial Society. Usually, the individual works for an insurance company while studying for the exams, and the company gives the individual time off to study for the exams. Passing an exam usually results in a significant pay increase. a) Do actuaries have general or firm-specific human capital? b) Who “pays for” the worker’s time off to study for the exams? Choose one answer and explain. · the worker does, by accepting a lower salary · the firm does, to invest in the worker’s human capital c) Why does the individual get a pay increase after passing each exam? Why not evaluate the employee once per year, like many companies do?
- Suppose the probability that Recall Scarlett is sued is .1 and her income is 1000. In the case, she is sued she will lose all of her income in the settlement. She may purchase malpractice insurance at a rate of $r per $1 of coverage. Finally assume that her utility of income is U($) = ($)^1/2. What is Scarlett’s demand curve for insurance (that is find her demand for insurance for all r ≥ .1)?Let firms not have perfect information about the consumer's type; that is, they do not know if the consumer is a robust type or a frail type. Explain why a firm offering two insurance plans Omega1 and Omega3 is an equilibrium.Suppose that left-handed people are more prone to injury than right-handed people. Lefties have an 80 percent chance of suffering an injury leading to a $1,000 loss (in terms of medical expenses and the monetary equivalent of pain and suffering) but righties have only a 20 percent chance of suffering such an injury. The population contains equal numbers of lefties and righties. Individuals all have logarithmic utility-of-wealth functions and initial wealth of $10,000. Insurance is provided by a monopoly company. a.Compute the “first best” for the monopoly insurer b.Try to characterize the “second best” contracts as well as you can (start from the profit maximization problem and write down the four relevant constraints, point out which constraints matter, which ones don’t, proceed as much as you can, etc.). In addition: assume perfectly competitive insurance market instead of monopoly, and find (i) the first best and (ii) the second-best contracts.
- Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.Risk-averse individuals have a concave value function for prospective gains and a convex value function for prospective losses.Multiple Choice Adverse selection describes a situation where an individual's demand for insurance is positively correlated with the individual's risk of loss. Adverse selection occurs when someone increases their exposure to risk when insured. This can happen, for example, when a person takes more risks because someone else bears the cost of those risks. The relationship between smoking status and mortality provides a good illustration for adverse selection, especially in the case in which a life insurance company did not vary its premiums according to smoking status of its customers. To counter the effects of adverse selection, insurers may offer premiums that are proportional to a customer's risk.Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the concept of "adverse selection"? Multiple Choice Adverse selection describes a situation where an individual's demand for insurance is positively correlated with the individual's risk of loss. Adverse selection occurs when someone increases their exposure to risk when insured. This can happen, for example, when a person takes more risks because someone else bears the cost of those risks. The relationship between smoking status and mortality provides a good illustration for adverse selection, especially in the case in which a life insurance company did not vary its premiums according to smoking status of its customers. To counter the effects of adverse selection, insurers may offer premiums that are proportional to a customer's risk.
