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University Physics Volume 3

17th Edition

ISBN:9781938168185

Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Publisher:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Chapter10: Nuclear Physics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8CQ: What is the key difference and the key similarity between beta ( ) decay and alpha decay?

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Similar questions

Integrated Concepts Estimate the density of a nucleus by calculating the density of a proton, taking it to be a sphere 1.2 fm in diameter. Compare your result with the value estimated in this chapter.
An electron can interact with a nucleus through the beta-decay process: ZAX+eY+ve Write the complete reaction equation for electron capture by 7Be . Calculate the energy released.
Why is radon more closely associated with inducing lung cancer than other types of cancer?
Consider Figure 10.12. If the magnetic field is replaced by ail electric field pointed in toward the page, in which directions will the a,+,and rays bend? Figure 10.12 The effect of a magnetic field on alpha ( a ), beta ( ), and gamma ( ) radiation. This figure is a schematic only. The relative paths of the particles depend on then masses and initial kinetic energies.
What conservation law requires an electron’s neutrino to be produced in electron capture? Note that the electron no longer exists after it is captured by the nucleus.
A piece of wood from an ancient Egyptian tomb is tested for its carbon-14 activity. It is found to have an activity per gram of carbon of A = l0 decay/min.g. What is the age of the wood?
One of the methods used to limit radiation dose to the patient in medical imaging is to employ isotopes with short halflives. How would this limit the dose?
One half the rays from 99mTc are absorbed by a 0.170mmthick lead shielding. Half of the rays that pass through the first layer of lead are absorbed in a second layer of equal thickness. What thickness of lead will absorb all but one in 1000 of these rays?
What is the key difference and the key similarity between beta ( ) decay and alpha decay?
Which methods of radiation protection were used in the device shown in the first photo in Figure 32.35? Which were used in the situation shown in the second photo? (a) (b) Figure 32.35 (a) This xray fluorescence machine is one of the thousands used in shoe stores to produce images offset as a check on the fit of shoes. They are unshielded and remain on as long as the test are in them, producing doses much greater titan medical images. Children were fascinated with them. These machines were used in shoe stores until laws preventing such unwarranted radiation exposure were enacted in the 1950s (credit: Andrew Kuchling ) (b) New that we know the effects of exposure to radioactive material, eatery is a priority. (credit: U.S. Navy)
Radiotherapy is more likely to be used to treat cancer in elderly patients than in young ones. Explain why. Why is radiotherapy used to treat young people at all?
Construct Your Own Problem Consider the decay of radioactive substances in the Earth's interior. The energy emitted is converted to thermal energy that reaches the earth's surface and is radiated away into cold dark space. Construct a problem in which you estimate the activity in a cubic meter of earth rock? And then calculate the power generated. Calculate how much power must cross each square meter of the Earth’s surface if the power is dissipated at the same rate as it is generated. Among the things to consider are the activity per cubic meter, the energy per decay, and the size of the Earth.

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B- Explain effect an electric field on alpha particles, beta particles and gamma ray?